Pharmacology Pre-Assessment Quiz
A client has been prescribed metoclopramide. Which of the following should the nurse include in
client education
... [Show More] regarding this
medication?
Select one:
a. Notify your provider if you experience restlessness or spasms of the face or neck. An
adverse effect of Reglan is extrapyramidal symptoms. The client should stop the
medication and notify the provider if these occur.
b. This medication can cause urinary frequency.
c. Decrease your fluid intake while taking this medication.
d. This medication can cause insomnia.
A 52-year-old client with a history of angina has been prescribed transdermal nitroglycerin.
Which of the following adverse effects is not
seen with this therapy?
Select one:
a. Headache
b. Orthostatic hypotension
c. Tolerance
d. Productive cough Correct – Nitroglycerin therapy does not directly have an effect lung
function. Physiologically, vasodilation
should effect capillary perfusion and decrease lung secretions.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed montelukast. Which of the following should the nurse
include in teaching related to this
medication?
Select one:
a. Advise client to take the medication once daily at bedtime. Clients should take
montelukast once daily at bedtime.
b. If the client forgets to take the medication for a few days he can double up on doses to catch
up.
c. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
d. This medication is for acute management of asthma
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed ferrous sulfate for the treatment of anemia. Which of the
following instructions should be included
in client teaching about this medication?
Select one:
a. Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption.
The nurse should instruct the clients to take iron on an empty stomach, such as 1 hr
before meals to maximize absorption. Stomach acid
increases absorption. If GI adverse effects occur, the client can take with food to
increase adherence to therapy even though absorption is alsodecreased.
b. Take prescribed antacids at the same time as this medication.
c. Decrease dietary fiber intake while taking this medication.
d. Notify your provider if your stool becomes dark green.
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 14 units of regular
insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number
of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?
42 Units
Each order of for units of insulin is combined in the same syringe. The nurse should
withdraw the regular insulin into the syringe first.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which of the following
interventions should the nurse take while
caring for this client?
Select one:
a. Increase client's 4-hr limit as needed.
b. Encourage the client to use the PCA before dressing changes. The nurse should
encourage the client to use the PCA
prophylactically prior to activities that are likely to augment pain levels.
c. Advise the client to use the pump sparingly to prevent addiction.
d. Encourage the client's family to administer PCA while client is sleeping.
A nurse is reviewing the medication class, benzodiazepines. The nurse would use caution when
administering benzodiazepines to which
of the below clients?
Select one:
a. A client with insomnia.
b. A client with renal failure.
c. A client with hypertension.
d. A client with glaucoma. Correct – benzodiazepines can increase intraocular pressure
due to the pupil-dilating effects of the
Medication.
A client has been prescribed lisinopril. Which of the following medication interactions should the
nurse instruct this client about?
Select one:
a. Escitalopram
b. Potassium supplements Correct. Potassium supplements and potassium-sparing
diuretics increase the risk of hyperkalemia in clients
taking ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril.
Clients should only take potassium supplements if prescribed by the provider. Clients
should also avoid salt substitutes that contain potassium.c. Magnesium supplements
d. Ciprofloxacin
A client has been prescribed vasopressin for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. What is the
expected pharmacological action of this
medication?
a. To stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin.
b. To increase blood pressure.
c. To slow the absorption of glucose in the intestine.
d. To increase reabsorption of water in the renal tubules.
The expected pharmacological action is to promote reabsorption of water within the
kidney
A nurse is caring for a client receiving a dopamine infusion via a peripheral IV. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take if the
IV site appears infiltrated?
Select one:
a. Apply a warm compress to the site.
b. Apply a cold compress to the site.
c. Slow the infusion and continue to monitor the site.
d. Stop the infusion. Correct. If infiltration is suspected, the infusion should be stopped.
Necrosis can occur from extravasation of
high doses of dopamine. Extravasation can be treated with local injection of an alphaadrenergic blocking agent, such as
Phentolamine.
A nurse is caring for a client newly prescribed doxazosin mesylate. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in client
education regarding taking the first dose of this medication?
Select one:
a. There is no need to avoid normal activities.
b. Change positions slowly and lie down if dizziness occurs. First-dose orthostatic
hypotension can occur with Cardura. The nurse should instruct clients to change
positions slowly and to lie down if feeling dizzy, lightheaded or faint.
c. Do not eat green leafy vegetables.
d. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication
A nurse have provided education to a client regarding prescribed levothyroxene sodium. What
of the following client statements
demonstrates understanding of medication administration?
Select one:
a. "I should take my medication as needed to alleviate symptoms."b. "I should take the medication on a full stomach."
c. "I should take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia." Synthroid should
be taken once in the morning to preventinsomnia.
d. "I should take the medication in divided doses to ensure therapeutic drug levels."
A 55-year-old client has levothyroxine ordered. Which of the below past medical history
concerns may contraindicate with her medication
management of hypothyroidism?
Select one:
a. Peripheral Vascular Disease
b. Osteoporosis Correct: There is an increased risk for fractures, especially in older
adults.
c. Asthma
d. Scleroderma
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. At what angle
should the nurse administer the medication
using the ventrogluteal site?
Select one:
a. a 45 degree angle
b. A 90 degree angle IM injections should be administered at a 90 degree angle.
c. a 75 degree angle
d. a 60 degree angle
A nurse has just administered a wrong medication to a client. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take next?
Select one:
a. Report error to the provider. Correct. The nurse should acknowledge the error and
report it to the provider for further orders.
The nurse should also monitor the client for adverse effects.
b. No action is needed.
c. Complete an institutional incident report.
d. Inform the client that the wrong medication was given.
A 45-year-old client is taking methylprednisolone. What pharmacological action should the nurse
expect with this therapy?
Select one:
a. Suppression of airway mucus production. Correct – Corticosteroids, such as
methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) will suppress
airway mucus production.
b. Suppression of candidiasis.
c. Fortification of bones.
d. Suppression of beta receptors.Before administering blood products, which action should be taken?
Select one:
a. Prime IV tubing with 0.45% sodium chloride.
b. Administer epinephrine.
c. Document client response.
d. Assess the client’s temperature. Correct: Assess the client’s vital signs, obtain
consent for the procedure and ensure
compatibility. Prime the IV tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride. The nurse would not
document client response or administer epinephrine
prior to starting the transfusion.
A client has been prescribed isosorbide mononitrate. Which of the following should the nurse
include in this client's education related to
this medication?
Select one:
a. You can crush this medication if needed.
b. Take an additional tablet if you experience chest pain.
c. This medication is prescribed for long-term prophylaxis against anginal attacks.
Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) is used forlong-term prophylaxis against anginal attacks.
d. Take the medication in the evening after dinner.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed the HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin. Which of
the following should be monitored while
this medication is prescribed?
Select one:
a. Hearing screenings
b. Visual acuity screenings
c. Renal function tests
d. Liver function tests Correct. Statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) like atorvastatin
(Lipitor) can cause hepatotoxicity. Prior to
initiating therapy the client's baseline liver function should be determined then liver
function tests should be checked after 12 weeks of
therapy and then every 6 months. The nurse should advise the client to observe for
symptoms of liver dysfunction (anorexia, vomiting,
nausea, jaundice) and to notify the provider if these occur.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed hydromorphone for severe pain. The client's respiratory
rate has decreased from 16 breaths per
minute to 6. Which if the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
Select one:
a. Naloxone Correct. This client is experiencing respiratory depression likely related to
over administration of hydromorphone
(Dilaudid). Naloxone (Narcan) and nalmefene (Revex) are opioid antagonists used to
reverse an overdose of opioids.b. Flumazenil
c. Aluminum hydroxide
d. Activated charcoal
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed digoxin. Which the following should alert the nurse to
possible digitalis toxicity?
Select one:
a. anorexia and weakness Correct. Anorexia, fatigue and weakness are signs of potential
digitalis toxicity. GI effects of digitalis
toxicity include anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. CNS effects include
fatigue, weakness, vision changes (diplopia,
blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos around objects). Bradycardia is also
commonly noted in digitalis toxicity.
b. tachycardia and increased urination
c. hyperactivity and hunger
d. polyphagia and polydipsia
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed warfarin therapy for an artificial heart valve.
Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for a therapeutic effect of
warfarin?
PT (Prothrombin time)
This test is used to monitor warfarin therapy. For a client receiving full anticoagulant
therapy, the PT should typically be approximately two to three times the normal value,
depending on the indication for therapeutic anticoagulation.
A nurse is preparing to administer 10 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin to a
client. What is the sequence of events the nurse should follow?
• Inspect vials for contaminants: With the exception of NPH insulin, all insulin available
today is supplied as a clear, colorless solution. Do not use insulin that is colored, cloudy,
or has formed a precipitate. The first step is to observe the characteristics of the regular
and NPH insulin to determine whether they are safe to use.
• Roll NPH vial between palms of hands: Because NPH insulin is a suspension, the
particles must be evenly dispersed by rolling the vial gently between the palms of the
hands. This should be done gently because vigorous mixing may cause the solution to
become frothy and cause inaccurate dosing. If granules or clumps are present after
mixing, discard the solution. This should be done prior to withdrawing the solution into
the syringe.• Inject air into NPH insulin vial: This creates a pressure in the vial for accuracy in
measuring the amount prescribed.
• Inject air into regular insulin vial: The amount of air injected into the vial of short-acting
insulin is equal to the amount to be administered.
• Withdraw short-acting insulin into syringe: When the prescrip [Show Less]