ATI Obstetrics Final Exam 100 Questions with Correct Answers Graded A+
Which of the following statements regarding two-rescuer child CPR is
... [Show More] correct?
A:The chest should be compressed with one hand and a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be delivered
B:A compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered without pauses in compressions to deliver ventilations
C:The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions as this may impair venous return D:Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth that is equal to one third the diameter of the chest
D:Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth that is equal to one third the diameter of the chest You should suspect physical abuse of a 4-year-old child if you observe:
A:purple and yellow bruises to the thighs. B:bruises to the anterior tibial area.
C:that the child clings to his or her parent. D:curious siblings who are watching you.
A:purple and yellow bruises to the thighs.
The preferred method for inserting an oropharyngeal airway in a small child is to:
A:insert the airway with the curvature towards the roof of the mouth and then rotate it 180 degrees. B:insert the airway as you would in an adult, but use an airway that is one size smaller than you would normally use.
C:depress the tongue with a tongue blade and insert the airway with the downward curve facing the tongue. D:open the airway with the tongue-jaw lift maneuver and insert the airway until you meet slight resistance.
C:depress the tongue with a tongue blade and insert the airway with the downward curve facing the tongue.
You are dispatched to a residence where an 8-year-old boy was pulled from a swimming pool. When you arrive, a neighbor is performing rescue breathing on the child. After confirming that the child is not breathing, you should:
A:begin chest compressions and reassess in 2 minutes. B:assess for a carotid pulse for no more than 10 seconds.
C:tell the neighbor to continue rescue breathing as you apply the AED. D:ask the neighbor how long the child was submerged under the water.
B:assess for a carotid pulse for no more than 10 seconds.
You arrive at a residence shortly after a 4-year-old boy experienced an apparent febrile seizure. The child is alert and crying. His skin is flushed, hot, and moist. His mother tells you that the seizure lasted about 2 minutes. You should:
A:provide supportive care and transport. B:give him acetaminophen or ibuprofen. C:begin rapid cooling measures at once.
D:allow the mother to take her child to the doctor.
A:provide supportive care and transport.
You and your partner are performing CPR on an infant with suspected sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). An important aspect in dealing with such cases is:
A:focusing all of your attention on the infant, with little parental interaction. B:carefully inspecting the environment in which the infant was found.
C:remembering that most infants with SIDS can be successfully resuscitated. D:discouraging the presence of the parents during your resuscitation attempt.
B:carefully inspecting the environment in which the infant was found. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric anatomy is correct?
A:The child's trachea is more rigid and less prone to collapse. B:The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
C:Airway obstruction is common in children because of their large uvula. D:Relative to the overall size of the airway, a child's epiglottis is smaller.
B:The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
A 5-year-old child experienced partial-thickness burns to his head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities. What percentage of his total body surface area has been burned?
A:45% B:63% C:72% D:54%
A:45%
Of the following, the MOST detrimental effect of gastric distention in infants and children is: A:tracheal rupture.
B:less effective chest compressions. C:decreased ventilatory volume.
D:acute rupture of the diaphragm.
C:decreased ventilatory volume.
A 5-year-old boy was struck by a car when he ran out into the street. When you arrive at the scene and approach the child, you see him lying supine approximately 15 feet from the car. Based on the child's age and mechanism of injury, which of the following should you suspect to be his PRIMARY injury?
A:Lower leg injury B:Head injury C:Upper thorax injury D:Pelvic injury
D:Pelvic injury
When you attempt to assess a 22-year-old woman who has been sexually assaulted, she orders you not to touch her. Your MOST appropriate initial action should be to:
A:obtain a signed refusal and return to service. B:transport the patient without performing an assessment. C:explain to the patient that she must be examined.
D:ask a female EMT to attempt to assess the patient.
D:ask a female EMT to attempt to assess the patient.
Treatment for a responsive 4-year-old child with a mild airway obstruction, who has respiratory distress, a strong cough, and normal skin color, includes:
A:oxygen, back slaps, and transport. B:subdiaphragmatic thrusts until the object is expelled. C:assisted ventilations, back slaps, and transport.
D:supplemental oxygen and transport.
D:supplemental oxygen and transport.
During transport of a woman in labor, the patient tells you that she feels the urge to push. You assess her and see the top of the baby's head bulging from the vagina. You should:
A:ask the mother to take short, quick breaths until you arrive at the hospital. B:allow the head to deliver and check for the location of the cord.
C:apply gentle pressure to the baby's head and notify the hospital immediately. D:advise your partner to stop the ambulance and assist with the delivery.
D:advise your partner to stop the ambulance and assist with the delivery.
A 6-year-old boy complains of pain to the right lower quadrant of his abdomen. Assessment of this child's abdomen should include:
A:avoiding palpation of the abdomen. B:palpating the right lower quadrant first. C:auscultating bowel sounds for 2 minutes. D:palpating the left upper quadrant first.
D:palpating the left upper quadrant first.
A prolapsed umbilical cord is dangerous because the:
A:cord may be wrapped around the baby's neck, causing strangulation. B:cord might pull the placenta from the uterine wall during delivery.
C:baby's head may compress the cord, cutting off its supply of oxygen. D:mother may die of hypoxia due to compromised placental blood flow.
C:baby's head may compress the cord, cutting off its supply of oxygen.
In which of the following situations would the EMT MOST likely deliver a baby at the scene?
A:A tornado has struck and blocked the only route to the hospital. B:Contractions are 8 to 10 minutes apart and irregular.
C:The amniotic sac has ruptured and contractions occur regularly. D:The hospital is 15 miles away and crowning is not present.
A tornado has struck and blocked the only route to the hospital.
A 9-year-old girl was struck by a car while she was crossing the street. Your assessment reveals a large contusion over the left upper quadrant of her abdomen and signs of shock. Which of the following organs has MOST likely been injured?
A:Liver B:Kidney C:Pancreas D:Spleen
D:Spleen
A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect:
A:croup.
B:foreign body airway obstruction. C:lower respiratory infection.
D:epiglottitis.
B:foreign body airway obstruction.
The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle is to:
A:detect immediate life threats through a quick hands-on assessment. B:identify if the child has a medical condition or a traumatic injury.
C:determine if the child's problem is respiratory or circulatory in nature. D:form a general impression of the child without touching him or her.
D:form a general impression of the child without touching him or her.
You are dispatched to a residence for a 4-year-old female who is sick. Your assessment reveals that she has increased work of breathing and is making a high-pitched sound during inhalation. Her mother tells you that she has been running a high fever for the past 24 hours. Your MOST immediate concern should be:
A:determining if the child has a history of croup. B:preparing to treat her for a febrile seizure.
C:assessing the need for ventilation assistance. D:taking her temperature to see how high it is.
C:assessing the need for ventilation assistance.
A 30-year-old woman is 22 weeks pregnant with her first child. She tells you that her rings are not fitting as loosely as they usually do and that her ankles are swollen. Her blood pressure is 150/86 mm Hg. She is MOST likely experiencing:
A:a condition unrelated to pregnancy. B:gestational diabetes.
C:a hypertensive emergency. D:preeclampsia.
D:preeclampsia.
The 5-minute Apgar assessment of a newborn reveals a heart rate of 130 beats/min, cyanosis to the hands and feet, and rapid respirations. The infant cries when you flick the soles of its feet and resists attempts to straighten its legs. These findings equate to an Apgar score of:
A:9
B:7
C:8 D:10
A:9
Following delivery of a newborn, the 21-year-old mother is experiencing mild vaginal bleeding. You note that her heart rate has increased from 90 to 120 beats/min and she is diaphoretic. In addition to administering high-flow oxygen, treatment should include:
A:treating for shock and uterine massage during transport. B:uterine massage and transport.
C:placing her on her left side and transport.
D:internal vaginal pads and treating for shock during transport.
A:treating for shock and uterine massage during transport.
You are called to a local park for a 7-year-old boy with respiratory distress. During your assessment, you find that the patient is wheezing and has widespread hives and facial edema. What should you suspect has occurred?
A:Poison oak exposure B:Allergic reaction C:Heat illness
D:Acute asthma attack
B:Allergic reaction
After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest, you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:
A:10 to 12 breaths/min. B:12 to 20 breaths/min. C:6 to 8 breaths/min. D:8 to 10 breaths/min.
D:8 to 10 breaths/min.
Which of the following techniques represents the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway of an infant with no suspected neck injury?
A:Perform the technique as you would for an older child or adult. B:Lift up the chin and hyperextend the neck.
C:Gently lift the chin while maintaining slight flexion of the neck. D:Tilt the head back without hyperextending the neck.
D:Tilt the head back without hyperextending the neck.
You have just delivered a baby girl. Your assessment of the newborn reveals that she has a patent airway, is breathing adequately, and has a heart rate of 130 beats/min. Her face and trunk are pink, but her hands and feet are cyanotic. You have clamped and cut the umbilical cord, but the placenta has not yet delivered. You should:
A:reassess the newborn every 5 minutes and transport after the placenta delivers. B:keep the newborn warm, give oxygen to the mother if needed, and transport.
C:massage the lower part of the mother's uterus until the placenta delivers. D:give the newborn high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and transport.
B:keep the newborn warm, give oxygen to the mother if needed, and transport.
A sudden onset of respiratory distress in a 5-year-old child with no fever is MOST likely the result of:
A:infection of the lower airways.
B:a progressive upper airway infection. C:inflammation of the upper airway.
D:a foreign body airway obstruction.
D:a foreign body airway obstruction.
Which of the following statements regarding the length-based resuscitation tape measure is correct?
A:The resuscitation tape estimates a child's age based on his or her height. B:It is not a reliable tool in children who are less than 5 years of age.
C:The red end of the tape measure is placed at the heel of the child's foot. D:The tape measure can be used in children who weigh up to 75 pounds.
D:The tape measure can be used in children who weigh up to 75 pounds.
A 4-year-old boy ingested an unknown quantity of drain cleaner. He is alert, has a patent airway, and has adequate breathing. You should:
A:administer 1 g/kg of activated charcoal.
B:give 15 mL of ipecac and contact medical control. C:contact poison control and give him oxygen.
D:give oxygen and perform a head-to-toe exam.
C:contact poison control and give him oxygen.
A 6-year-old boy presents with a high fever, a headache, and a stiff neck. He is conscious, but is not acting as a normal 6-year-old boy should. His mother told you that he vomited once before your arrival. You should be MOST concerned with:
A:the risk of permanent neurological damage.
B:the potential for a febrile seizure.
C:performing a secondary assessment at the scene. D:treating him for severe dehydration.
A:the risk of permanent neurological damage.
A 5-year-old child in compensated shock secondary to severe vomiting and diarrhea would be expected to have:
A:slow, shallow respirations.
B:a weakly palpable carotid pulse. C:strong, bounding radial pulses. D:a slow capillary refill time.
D:a slow capillary refill time.
A 34-year-old woman, who is 36 weeks pregnant, is having a seizure. After you protect her airway and ensure adequate ventilation, you should transport her:
A:in the supine position. B:on her left side.
C:in a semisitting position. D:in the prone position
B:on her left side.
You will know that the third stage of labor has begun when:
A:the placenta has delivered.
B:the baby's head is visible at the vaginal opening. C:the mother's contractions become regular.
D:the entire baby has delivered.
D:the entire baby has delivered.
You are dispatched to a residence for a child having a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the 4-year-old child's grandfather tells you that he has had several full body seizures over the past 20 minutes, but never woke up in between the seizures. The child's skin is hot and flushed. This is MOST indicative of:
A:a febrile seizure. B:status epilepticus. C:an absence seizure. D:a focal motor seizure.
B:status epilepticus.
If a woman is having her first child, the first stage of labor:
A:generally does not allow time for you to transport. B:is shorter than in women who have had other children. C:is usually the longest and lasts an average of 16 hours. D:is typically very short and only lasts about 2 hours.
C:is usually the longest and lasts an average of 16 hours.
Which of the following assessment parameters is a more reliable indicator of perfusion in infants than adults?
A:Level of orientation B:Pulse quality C:Blood pressure D:Capillary refill
D:Capillary refill
When you begin to assess a woman in labor, she states that her contractions are occurring every 4 to 5 minutes and lasting approximately 30 seconds each. Which of the following questions would be MOST appropriate to ask next?
A:How many other children do you have? B:At how many weeks gestation are you? C:Has your bag of waters broken yet?
D:Have you had regular prenatal care?
B:At how many weeks gestation are you?
Which of the following statements regarding crowning is correct?
A:It is safe to transport the patient during crowning if the hospital is close. B:Crowning represents the end of the second stage of labor.
C:Crowning always occurs immediately after the amniotic sac has ruptured. D:Gentle pressure should be applied to the baby's head during crowning.
D:Gentle pressure should be applied to the baby's head during crowning.
Supplemental oxygen via the blow-by technique is MOST appropriate for a child who presents with respiratory difficulty and:
A:has a heart rate of 70 beats/min and signs of physical exhaustion. B:has facial cyanosis and a decreased level of consciousness.
C:is agitated, tachycardic, and clinging to his or her parent. D:is breathing with a significant reduction in tidal volume.
C:is agitated, tachycardic, and clinging to his or her parent.
A 4-year-old girl fell from a third-story window and landed on her head. She is semiconscious with slow, irregular breathing and is bleeding from her mouth and nose. You should:
A:suction her oropharynx, open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and assist her ventilations.
B:open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver while manually stabilizing her head, suction her oropharynx, and assist her ventilations.
C:manually stabilize her head, open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and suction her oropharynx.
D:open her airway by carefully tilting her head back, suction her oropharynx, and administer high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.
B:open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver while manually stabilizing her head, suction her oropharynx, and assist her ventilations.
After clearing the airway of a newborn who is not in distress, it is MOST important for you to:
A:obtain an APGAR score. B:apply blow-by oxygen. C:keep the newborn warm. D:clamp and cut the cord.
C:keep the newborn warm.
While performing a visual inspection of a 30-year-old woman in labor, you can see the umbilical cord at the vaginal opening. After providing high-flow oxygen, you should:
A:massage the uterus to facilitate delivery of the fetus.
B:elevate the mother's lower extremities and provide rapid transport. C:relieve pressure from the cord with your gloved fingers.
D:place the mother on her left side and provide rapid transport.
C:relieve pressure from the cord with your gloved fingers.
A child typically begins to develop stranger anxiety when he or she is a/an:
A:toddler. B:neonate. C:infant. D:preschooler.
A:toddler.
Your assessment of a mother in labor reveals that a fetal limb is protruding from the vagina. Management of this situation should include:
A:positioning the mother in a semi-Fowler's position, administering oxygen, and providing transport. B:positioning the mother with her hips elevated, administering high-flow oxygen, and providing transport. C:giving the mother 100% oxygen and attempting to manipulate the protruding limb so that delivery can occur.
D:applying gentle traction to the protruding limb to remove pressure of the fetus from the umbilical cord.
B:positioning the mother with her hips elevated, administering high-flow oxygen, and providing transport.
A 29-year-old woman, who is 38 weeks pregnant, presents with heavy vaginal bleeding, a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg, and a heart rate of 130 beats/min. She is pale and diaphoretic, and denies abdominal cramping or pain. Her signs and symptoms are MOST consistent with a/an:
A:placenta previa.
B:ruptured ectopic pregnancy. C:ruptured ovarian cyst.
D:abruptio placenta.
A:placenta previa.
Oxygen and other nutrients are transferred to the developing fetus via the:
A:amniotic fluid. B:umbilical vein. C:uterine blood vessels. D:umbilical arteries.
B:umbilical vein.
In order to maintain neutral alignment of an 18-month-old child's airway, you should:
A:ensure that the head is slightly flexed. B:pad in between the shoulder blades. C:hyperextend the head.
D:place a rolled towel behind the head
B:pad in between the shoulder blades.
Which of the following injuries is MOST indicative of child abuse? A:Multiple bruises to the shins
B:Burned hand with splash marks C:Small laceration to the chin D:Bruising to the upper back
D:Bruising to the upper back
You are assessing a 26-year-old woman who is 38 weeks pregnant and is in labor. She tells you that she was pregnant once before, but had a miscarriage at 19 weeks. You should document her obstetric history as:
A:gravida 2, para 1.
B:gravida 2, para 0.
C:gravida 1, para 1.
D:gravida 0, para 2.
B:gravida 2, para 0
In contrast to the contractions associated with true labor, Braxton-Hicks contractions:
A:generally follow rupture of the amniotic sac and occur with regularity. B:may be intensified by activity and are accompanied by a pink discharge. C:do not increase in intensity and are alleviated by a change in position. D:consistently become stronger and are not alleviated by changing position.
C:do not increase in intensity and are alleviated by a change in position.
During your assessment of a woman in labor, you see the baby's arm protruding from the vagina. The mother tells you that she needs to push. You should:
A:gently push the protruding arm back into the vagina. B:encourage the mother to push and give her high-flow oxygen.
C:insert your gloved fingers into the vagina and try to turn the baby. D:cover the arm with a sterile towel and transport immediately.
D:cover the arm with a sterile towel and transport immediately.
Your assessmment of a newborn reveals cyanosis to the chest and face and a heart rate of 90 beats/min. What should you do first?
A:Briskly dry off the infant. B:Resuction the mouth.
C:Begin artificial ventilations. D:Begin chest compressions.
C:Begin artificial ventilations.
When assessing a 30-year-old female who was sexually assaulted, it is MOST important for you to:
A:have a female EMT perform the assessment. B:discourage her from showering or changing clothes. C:recognize that the patient is a walking crime scene. D:ensure that all life-threatening injuries are treated.
D:ensure that all life-threatening injuries are treated.
The transition phase of the pediatric assessment process would be the LEAST appropriate if:
A:a parent is available to help keep the child calm. B:the child is unstable and needs rapid transport. C:you determine that the child's condition is stable. D:your transport time is greater than 30 minutes.
B:the child is unstable and needs rapid transport.
General guidelines when assessing a 2-year-old child with abdominal pain and adequate perfusion include:
A:placing the child supine and palpating the abdomen.
B:separating the child from the parent to ensure a reliable examination. C:examining the child in the parent's arms.
D:palpating the painful area of the abdomen first.
C:examining the child in the parent's arms.
Which of the following would MOST likely occur in conjunction with a breech presentation?
A:Vertex presentation B:Maternal hypertension C:Prolapsed umbilical cord
D:Premature rupture of the amniotic sac
C:Prolapsed umbilical cord
You and your partner are performing CPR on a 2-year-old female in cardiac arrest. During your resuscitation attempt, you should:
A:hyperventilate her because she is severely hypoxic. B:attach the AED pads after 5 minutes of high-quality CPR. C:perform compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 30:2. D:allow the chest to fully recoil in between compressions.
D:allow the chest to fully recoil in between compressions.
You receive a call for a 3-year-old girl with respiratory distress. When you enter her residence, you see the mother holding the child, who does not acknowledge your presence. This finding indicates that the child:
A:probably is sleeping. B:has severe hypoxia.
C:is reacting normally for her age. D:is afraid of your presence.
B:has severe hypoxia.
Upon delivery of the baby's head, you note that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. You should:
A:keep the cord warm and moist and transport without delay. B:make one attempt to gently remove the cord from around its neck. C:give the mother high-flow oxygen and transport her on her side. D:immediately clamp and cut the cord and continue the delivery.
B:make one attempt to gently remove the cord from around its neck. Which of the following is an abnormal finding?
A:Rapid, irregular breathing in a newly born infant B:Heart rate of 80 beats/min in a 3-month-old infant C:Respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min in a 2-year-old child D:Systolic BP of 100 mm Hg in a 10-year-old child
B:Heart rate of 80 beats/min in a 3-month-old infant
You are assessing a 5-year-old boy with major trauma. His blood pressure is 70/40 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 140 beats/min. and weak. The child's blood pressure:
A:indicates decompensated shock. B:reflects adequate compensation. C:suggests increased intracranial pressure. D:is appropriate based on his age.
A:indicates decompensated shock.
A 3-year-old boy is found to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. As you begin one-rescuer CPR, your partner prepares the AED. The appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for this child is:
A:3:1
B:30:2
C:15:2
D:5:1
B:30:2
After attaching the AED to a 7-year-old child in cardiac arrest, you push the analyze button and receive a shock advised message. After delivering the shock, you should:
A:assess for a carotid pulse. B:open the airway and ventilate. C:immediately perform CPR. D:reanalyze the cardiac rhythm.
C:immediately perform CPR.
You should assist with the delivery of the baby's head by:
A:grasping each side of the baby's head and gently pulling to facilitate delivery. B:placing your fingers on the bony part of the skull and applying gentle pressure. C:carefully rotating its head to where it is facing up when it delivers.
D:placing the palm of your hand firmly against the back of the baby's skull.
B:placing your fingers on the bony part of the skull and applying gentle pressure.
Upon delivery of a baby's head, you see that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. Initial treatment for this condition should include:
A:clamping and cutting the umbilical cord. B:gently pulling on the cord to facilitate removal. C:trying to remove the cord from around the neck.
D:keeping the cord moist and providing rapid transport.
C:trying to remove the cord from around the neck. Seizures in children MOST often are the result of:
A:a life-threatening infection.
B:an inflammatory process in the brain. C:an abrupt rise in body temperature. D:a temperature greater than 102°F.
C:an abrupt rise in body temperature. The function of the uterus is to:
A:dilate and expel the baby from the cervix. B:house the fetus as it grows for 40 weeks.
C:provide a cushion and protect the fetus from infection. D:provide oxygen and other nutrients to the fetus.
B:house the fetus as it grows for 40 weeks.
A newborn is considered to be premature if it:
A:weighs less than 6.5 pounds.
B:is born to a heroin-addicted mother. C:is born before 37 weeks gestation. D:has meconium in or around its mouth.
C:is born before 37 weeks gestation.
Following the initial steps of resuscitation, a newborn remains apneic and cyanotic. You should:
A:begin ventilations with a bag-mask device.
B:gently flick the soles of its feet for up to 60 seconds. C:immediately resuction its mouth and nose.
D:start CPR if the heart rate is less than 80 beats/min.
A:begin ventilations with a bag-mask device.
Your assessment of a 5-year-old child reveals that he is unresponsive with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min and a heart rate of 50 beats/min. Treatment for this child should include:
A:high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and rapid transport. B:assisted ventilation with a bag-mask device and rapid transport. C:positive-pressure ventilation, chest compressions, and rapid transport. D:back slaps and chest thrusts while attempting artificial ventilations.
C:positive-pressure ventilation, chest compressions, and rapid transport.
You arrive at the scene shortly after a 3-year-old female experienced a seizure. The child, who is being held by her mother, is conscious and crying. The mother tells you that her daughter has been ill recently and has a temperature of 102.5°F. What is the MOST appropriate treatment for this child?
A:Oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, place the child in a tub of cold water to lower her body temperature, and transport.
B:Oxygen via the blow-by technique, transport, and request a paramedic intercept so an anticonvulsant drug can be given.
C:Oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, avoid any measures to lower the child's body temperature, and transport at once.
D:Oxygen via the blow-by technique, remove clothing to help reduce her fever, and transport with continuous monitoring.
D:Oxygen via the blow-by technique, remove clothing to help reduce her fever, and transport with continuous monitoring.
Management for a women who presents with a prolapsed umbilical cord includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
A:lifting the baby's head off of the umbilical cord. B:placing the mother in a position that elevates her hips. C:ensuring that the cord stays moist during transport.
D:relieving pressure off of the cord by gently pulling on i
D:relieving pressure off of the cord by gently pulling on i Immediately upon delivery of a newborn's head, you should:
A:suction the nose. B:dry the face.
C:cover the eyes. D:suction the mouth.
D:suction the mouth.
Which of the following signs is MOST indicative of inadequate breathing in an infant?
A:Sunken fontanelles B:Heart rate of 130 beats/min C:Expiratory grunting D:Abdominal breathing
C:Expiratory grunting
The appropriate technique for performing two-rescuer CPR on a 4-year-old child includes:
A:15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with your thumbs, and delivering at least 100 compressions per minute.
B:30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the chest one third the depth of the chest, and delivering each breath over 1 second.
C:15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of your hand, and ventilating until visible chest rise occurs.
D:30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of both hands, and delivering each breath over 1 to 2 seconds.
C:15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of your hand, and ventilating until visible chest rise occurs.
A 3-year-old female presents with respiratory distress. She is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. She has mild intercostal retractions and an oxygen saturation of 93%. The MOST effective way of delivering oxygen to her involves:
A:gently restraining her and assisting her ventilations. B:ventilations with a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered device. C:a nonrebreathing mask with the flow rate at 6 to 8 L/min.
D:asking the mom to hold an oxygen mask near her face.
D:asking the mom to hold an oxygen mask near her face.
The MOST effective way to prevent cardiopulmonary arrest in a newborn is to:
A:ensure effective oxygenation and ventilation. B:give blow-by oxygen as soon as it is born.
C:perform an Apgar assessment every 5 minutes. D:suction its mouth and nose every 3 minutes.
A:ensure effective oxygenation and ventilation.
Which of the following signs or symptoms is more common in children than adults following an isolated head injury?
A:Changes in pupillary reaction B:Tachycardia and diaphoresis C:Nausea and vomiting D:Altered mental status
C:Nausea and vomiting
After the baby's head delivers, it is usually tilted:
A:with the face up. B:anteriorly, with the chin up. C:posteriorly, to one side.
D:posteriorly, face down.
C:posteriorly, to one side.
You are caring for a 6-year-old child with a possible fractured arm and have reason to believe that the child was abused. How should you manage this situation?
A:Inform the parents of your suspicions.
B:Transport the child to the hospital regardless of the parents' wishes.
C:Call the police and have the parents arrested.
D:Advise the parents that the child needs to be transported.
D:Advise the parents that the child needs to be transported.
A 4-year-old boy with a tracheostomy tube is experiencing respiratory distress. He has intercostal retractions, a heart rate of 80 beats/min, and an oxygen saturation of 85%. During his attempts to breathe, a gurgling sound is heard in the tracheostomy tube. You should:
A:ventilate through the tracheostomy tube.
B:place an oxygen mask over the tracheostomy tube. C:remove the tracheostomy tube and clean it.
D:carefully suction the tracheostomy tube.
D:carefully suction the tracheostomy tube.
The MAIN reason why small children should ride in the backseat of a vehicle is because:
A:they are much less likely to be ejected from the vehicle.
B:the back of the front seat will provide a cushion during a crash. C:they can experience severe injury or death if the airbag deploys. D:their legs are highly prone to injury from striking the dashboard.
C:they can experience severe injury or death if the airbag deploys.
Upon assessing a newborn immediately after delivery, you note that the infant is breathing spontaneously and has a heart rate of 80 beats/min. What is the MOST appropriate initial management for this newborn?
A:Assess the newborn's skin condition and color. B:Initiate positive-pressure ventilations.
C:Start chest compressions and contact medical control. D:Provide blow-by oxygen with oxygen tubing.
B:Initiate positive-pressure ventilations.
Which of the following parameters is the LEAST reliable when assessing the perfusion status of a 2-year-old child?
A:Capillary refill time B:Presence of peripheral pulses C:Skin color and temperature D:Systolic blood pressure
D:Systolic blood pressure
Which of the following is a sign of an altered mental status in a small child?
A:Fear of the EMT's presence. B:Recognition of the parents. C:Inattention to the EMT's presence. D:Consistent eye contact with the EMT.
C:Inattention to the EMT's presence.
Appropriate treatment for an 18-year-old woman with severe vaginal bleeding may include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A:covering the vagina with a trauma dressing. B:high concentrations of oxygen.
C:placing sterile dressings into the vagina. D:keeping her warm with blankets.
C:placing sterile dressings into the vagina.
Which position is MOST appropriate for a mother in labor with a prolapsed umbilical cord?
A:Supine with legs elevated B:Supine with hips elevated C:Left lateral recumbent D:Left side with legs elevated
B:Supine with hips elevated
Which artery should you palpate when assessing for a pulse in an unresponsive 6-month-old patient?
A:Radial B:Brachial C:Femoral D:Carotid
B:Brachial
A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your assessment and administer supplemental oxygen. En route to the hospital, you should be MOST alert for:
A:hypotension. B:combativeness. C:convulsions.
D:respiratory distress.
C:convulsions.
When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?
A:Before the newborn has taken its first breath B:After the placenta has completely delivered C:As soon as the cord has stopped pulsating D:Immediately following delivery of the newborn
C:As soon as the cord has stopped pulsating
Which of the following is the MOST common cause of shock in infants and children?
A:Severe allergic reaction B:Dehydration C:Accidental poisoning D:Cardiac failure
B:Dehydration
You are treating a 5-year-old child who has had severe diarrhea and vomiting for 3 days and is now showing signs of shock. Supplemental oxygen has been given and you have elevated his lower extremities. En route to the hospital, you note that his work of breathing has increased. You should:
A:begin positive-pressure ventilations and reassess the child. B:lower the extremities and reassess the child.
C:listen to the lungs with a stethoscope for abnormal breath sounds. D:insert a nasopharyngeal airway and increase the oxygen flow.
B:lower the extremities and reassess the child.
Prevention of cardiac arrest in infants and small children should focus primarily on:
A:providing immediate transport. B:ensuring adequate ventilation. C:keeping the child warm.
D:avoiding upsetting the child.
B:ensuring adequate ventilation.
Which of the following is a more reliable indicator of perfusion in children than it is in adults?
A:Blood pressure B:Heart rate
C:Respiratory rate D:Capillary refill
D:Capillary refill
Following an apparent febrile seizure, a 4-year-old boy is alert and crying. His skin is hot and moist. Appropriate treatment this child includes:
A:allowing the parents to transport the child. B:offering oxygen and providing transport.
C:rapidly cooling the child in cold water. D:keeping the child warm and providing transport.
B:offering oxygen and providing transport.
A 30-year-old woman has severe lower abdominal pain and light vaginal bleeding. She tells you that her last menstrual period was 2 months ago. On the basis of these findings, you should suspect:
A:a normal pregnancy. B:a ruptured ovarian cyst. C:an ectopic pregnancy. D:a spontaneous abortion.
C:an ectopic pregnancy.
The MOST important initial steps of assessing and managing a newborn include:
A:drying and warming the infant and obtaining an APGAR score. B:clearing the airway and keeping the infant warm.
C:suctioning the airway and obtaining a heart rate. D:keeping the infant warm and counting respirations.
B:clearing the airway and keeping the infant warm.
Following delivery of a newborn and placenta, you note that the mother has moderate vaginal bleeding. The mother is conscious and alert and her vital signs are stable. Treatment for her should include:
A:carefully packing the vagina with sterile dressings. B:massaging the uterus if signs of shock develop.
C:treating her for shock and providing rapid transport. D:administering oxygen and massaging the uterus.
D:administering oxygen and massaging the uterus.
You are responding to a call for a 2-year-old child who fell from a second-story window. With the mechanism of injury and the age of the patient in mind, you should suspect that the primary injury occurred
to the child's:
A:chest. B:head.
C:lower extremities. D:abdomen.
B:head. [Show Less]