1. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages
... [Show More] should the nurse recommended to minimize heartburn?
Orange juice Decaffeinated coffee Peppermint Potatoes
RATIONALE: Ch. 13 Pg. 75 – AVOID trigger foods (citrus fruits and juices, spicy foods, carbonated beverages). AVOID items that reduce lower esophageal sphincter pressure (fatty foods, caffeine, chocolate, alcohol, cigarette smoke and all nicotine products, and peppermint and spearmint flavors.
2. A nurse is preparing to teach a group of clients about vitamins and minerals. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following minerals is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses?
Phosphorus Calcium Chloride Zinc
RATIONALE: Ch. 1 Pg. 7 – Major actions: bones / teeth formation, blood pressure, blood clotting, nerve transmission.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30. Four weeks after nutritional counseling, which of the following evaluation findings indicates the plan of care was followed?
BMI of 25
Weight gain of 1.8kg (4lb) BMI of 33
Weight loss of 2.7kg (6lb)
RATIONALE: Ch. 3 Pg. 15 - Greater than 2% in 1 week indicates a significant weight loss.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who follows the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism. Which of the following meal choices should the nurse request for the client?
Turkey and cheese sandwich Spaghetti with tomato sauce Pork chop and applesauce Scrambled eggs and bacon
RATIONALE: Ch. 6 Pg. 29 – Prescriptive guidelines for animal slaughter.
5. A nurse is a long-term care facility is developing strategies to promote increased food intake for an older adult client. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
Offer sugar substitutes to increase the client’s appetite. Provide opportunities to eat three large meals per day. Provide entertainment while the client is eating.
Offer finger foods at mealtime.
RATIONALE: Ch. 7 Pg. 41
6. A nurse is caring for four clients. The nurse should plan to administer total parenteral nutrition for
which of the following clients?
A client who is postoperative following a laminectomy and is receiving IV PCA A client who has dysphagia and does not recognize his family
A client who has COPD and is going home with oxygen
A client who has colon cancer and will undergo a hemicolectomy
RATIONALE: Ch. 10 Pg. 57 – TPN is commonly used in clients who need intense nutritional support for an extended period of time (clients undergoing treatment for cancer, bowel disorders, those who are critically ill, and those suffering from trauma or extensive burns, as these conditions are associated with high caloric requirements).
7. A nurse is performing a nutritional evaluation for a client who reports paresthesia of the hands and feet. The nurse should identify this manifestation as an indication of which of the following dietary deficiencies?
• Iron
• Riboflavin
• Skin eruptions, cracked lips, red swollen tongue
• Vitamin C
• Scurvy, decreased iron absorption, bleeding gums
• Vitamin B12
RATIONALE: Ch. 12 Pg. 67 – Vitamin B12 Neurological findings: decreased concentration, paresthesia (numbness) of hands and feet, decrease proprioception (sense of body position), poor muscle coordination, increasing irritability, and delirium. [Show Less]