ATI Medical-Surgical Immune and Infectious Quiz - Questions, Answers and Rationales A nurse is assessing a client who has an exacerbation of herpes
... [Show More] zoster. Which of the following manifestations of the client's skin should the nurse expect? a. Confluent, honey-colored, crusted lesions b. Large, tender nodules located on a hair follicle c. Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions d. A fluid-filled vesicular rash in the genital region Rationale - Herpes zoster, or shingles, results from the reactivation of a dormant varicella virus, It is the acute, unilateral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglion. The infection typically develops in adults and produces localized vesicular lesions confined to a dermatome. It produces unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions. A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "PCP is sexually transmitted from person to person." b. "You were most likely exposed to a contaminated surface, such as a drinking glass." c. "PCP results from an impaired immune system." d. "You may have contracted PCP from a family pet." Rationale - The nurse should explain that the organism that causes PCP exists as part of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a fungus. It becomes an aggressive pathogen when the immune system is compromised and the infection results from an impaired immune system. A nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of an allergic reaction. The nurse should explain that histamine release causes which of the following reactions? a. Increased mucus secretion b. Bronchial dilation c. Bradycardia d. Vertigo Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client that increased mucus secretion is a manifestation of histamine release. Histamine is the neurotransmitter the body produces during an allergic reaction. A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about the early manifestations of AIDS. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen glands." b. "You can expect an elevated white blood cell count." c. "You can expect an increase in blood pressure and edema." d. "You can expect weight gain." Rationale - Clients who have AIDS can have persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue. These manifestations indicate the onset of AIDS. A nurse is teaching a client who has genital herpes about self-management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Use an alcohol-based to clean lesions. b. Wear a condom during sexual activity when lesions are present. c. Take a sitz bath once per day. d. Apply a warm compress to the lesions. Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client to apply a warm compares to the lesions to relieve discomfort. A nurse in a provider's office is providing teaching to a client who has a recent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and has a new prescription for naproxen tablets. Which of the following statements by the client requires further teaching? a. "This medication will take 4 weeks for me to notice relief in my joints." b. "I can take an antacid with this medication for indigestion." c. "I can take this medication with aspirin." d. "The naproxen goes down easier when I crush it and put it in applesauce." Rationale - The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking this medication with any other NSAIDs, such as aspirin, because this can increase the risk for bleeding and gastrointestinal ulceration. A nurse is preparing to administer a Mantoux skin test to a client. The nurse should inform the client that the purpose of a Mantoux skin test using purified protein derivative (PPD) is to do which of the following actions? a. Identify if a client lacks immunity to tuberculosis b. Find out if a client has active tuberculosis c. Decrease the hypersensitivity of the client's reaction to PPD d. Identify if a client has been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rationale - The nurse should inform the client that the Mantoux skin test is used to identify individuals who have been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. A nurse is teaching a female client who has a new diagnosis of system lupus erythematosus (SLE) about factors that can trigger an exacerbation of SLE. The nurse [Show Less]