FINAL EXAM REVIEW!!!!
Rasmussen College Associate Degree Nursing Program
Exam 1 Study Guide--Fundamentals of Professional Nursing—NU2115—Summer
... [Show More] 2015
Content Areas:
o Vital Signs (Chapter 19)
o Ranges of normal for blood pressure, pulse, respirations, temperature, and O2
saturation
Bp: 100/60-119/80 P: 60-100 R: 12-20 T: 96.? -99.? O2: 95-100%
o How each vital sign is measured and which equipment/site is most appropriate for
the client
BP on upper arm or thigh. Pulse at the radial site normally. Temp
tympanic or rectal preferably; oral, axillary, or temporal is accepted. O2
on unpolished finger.
80/40 rule for bp cuff bladder length 80% of arm, bladder width 40%
o Interventions for hyper/hypothermia
Hyperthermia: circulating fan, ice packs wrapped, cooling blankets, tepid
or alcohol baths. More than 99F
Hypothermia: warm fluids, warm baths, warm blankets. Less than 95F
Convert F to C: (T-32)*5/9=C
o Pulse rate, rhythm, and quality
Regular, Regularly Irregular, Irregularly Irregular; None, light, regular,
bounding, full and bounding
o Factors affecting VS
Pain, Stress, Hunger, Dehydration, Smoking, Medications, Developmental
Level, Exercise, Hemoglobin, Disease, and Position
o When to take an apical pulse
When the radial pulse is irregular, less than 60 or more than 100 beats,
cardiac meds, up to 3 yr
1. Pulse for infant is 80-180
2. Newborn respirations is 18-30
3. Medulla Oblongata is control center
4. Cheyne-Stokes: due to head injury, gradual increase in depth of respirations followed by
decrease and then a period of apnea.
5. Kussmaul’s: DKA: Deep, rapid; like hyperventilation
6. Hypoventalation: below 12
7. Agonal: couple breaths per minute
8. Signs of Hypoxia: pallor, tachycardia, nasal flaring, adventitious lung sounds, elevated bp
9. Primary hypertension is genetic where as secondary is from things such as obesity
10. Causes of hypotension: loss of blood, dehydration
11. 20/10/20 rule orthos. 20 lower sys, 10 lower dia, 20 higher p [Show Less]