1. Normal level for WBC's: 4,500 - 11,000
2. Normal lab values for Hbg male: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
3. Normal lab values for Hbg female: 12-16 g/dL
4. Normal
... [Show More] lab values for Na: 135-145 mEq/L
5. Normal lab values for K: 3.5-5 mEq/L
6. Normal lab values for Cl: 95-105 mEq/L
7. Normal lab values for HCO3: 22-29 mEq/L
8. Normal BUN lab values: 7-18 mg/dL
9. Normal Creatine lab values: 0.6- 1.2 mg/dL
10. Normal Glucose lab values: 70-110 mg/dL
11. Normal Calcium lab values: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
12. Normal total protein lab values: 6-8 g/dL
13. Normal Alb lab values: 3.5-6 g/dL
14. Normal total Bili: 0-1 mg/dL
15. How many grams are in 1 oz: 28.35
16. How many mL are in 1 oz: 29.57
17. How many oz are in 1 cup?: 8 oz
18. How many liters are in 1 gallon?: 3.8
19. What are normal values of pH for ABG: 7.35-7.45
20. What are normal values of PaCO2?: 35-45 mmHg
21. What are normal values of PaO2?: 80-100 mmHg
22. What are normal values of HCO3: 24-30 mEq/L
23. What are the steps in removing an artificial eye?: pull down the lower lip with index finger & exert slight pressure, allowing to slide over lower lid and grab with free hand
-store artificial eye in labeled container filled with tap water or saline
24. What are the steps in inserting an artificial eye?: lift upper and lower lid to insert and blink until sets
25. How do you wash an artificial eye?: Wash with warm, normal saline, with soft gauze or clean tap water
26. How do you properly irrigate an ear: -Have pt sit or lie on side with the affected ear UP.
-Using a bulb-irrigating syringe or Walter Pik set on No 2, gently wash ear with warm solution, directing flow toward the superior aspect of the ear canal.
27. Nonblanchable erythema indicates the skin has been damaged by what?-
: Pressure
28. Explain what is happening in the S1 sound: "Lub" sound- tricuspid and mitral valves snap shut @ beginning of systole. It is loudest at the apex of the heart.
29. Explain what is happening in the S2 sound: "Dub" sound- Aortic and Pul- monic valves shut at beginning of diastole. This is heard best at the base of the <3
30. What does a split S2 mean?: Electrical conduction may be delayed on one side so ventricles might not close at the same time
- may sound like a "stutter"
31. S3 is heard in pt's with what?: CHF. It follows S2
32. S4 is heard in pt's with what?: HTN, CAD, MI.
33. What is a murmur?: occurs between S1 and S2. It should be silent there, but with a murmur there is a whooshing sound.....this typically happens if a valve isn't open wide enough (Stenotic) or if a valve doesn't close tightly enough and blood leaks back
34. Grade 1 murmurs are typically to hear: difficult
35. Grade 6 murmurs are typically to hear: easy to hear
36. Grade 4 and above murmurs are considered and are accompanied by a : loud murmurs. palpable thrill
37. Pericardial friction rub: pericardium (membrane around the heart) becomes inflamed. It causes high pitched, scratchy sound. It is loaded at apex
38. What is the Valsalva maneuver?: holding breath and bearing down. Usually done to check for hernia's
39. When suctioning a trach, do you apply suction before or after inser- tion?Do you use a rotation method?: After insertion. Yes
40. Do not insert into artificial airway because it increases the risk of infection: normal saline.
41. insert artificial airway until : feel resistance or patient starts coughing [Show Less]