A nurse is assessing a client who received 2 units of packed RBCs 48 hrs ago. Which of the
following findings should indicate to the nurse that the
... [Show More] therapy has been effective?
Hemoglobin 14.9 g/dL
The nurse should identify that packed RBCs a re administered to clients who have a
decreased level of hemoglobin or hematocrit. This h emoglobin level is within the
expected reference range of 14 to 18 g/dL for males and 12 to 16 g/dL for females,
indicating the therapy has been effective.
A nurse working in a n emergency department is triaging four clients. Which of the following
clients should the nurse recommend for treatment first?
A middle adult client who has unstable vital signs.
Using the stable vs unstable approach t o client care, the nurse should recommend
priority treatment for the client who has u nstable vital signs because this client requires
immediate treatment to reduce the risk of further injury o r possible death.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has fluid volume overload. Which of the following tasks should
the nurse delegate t o the CNA?
Measure the client’s daily weight
It is within the CNAs range of function to measure a client’s daily weight, so the nurse
should delegate this task to them.
A nurse is preparing t o administer mannitol 0.2g/kg IV bolus over 5 min as a test dose to a
client who has severe oliguria. The client weighs 198lb. What is t he amount in grams the nurse
should administer?
18 g
A nurse is conduction a physical examination for an adolescent and is assessing the range of
motion of the legs. W hich of the following images indicates the adolescent is abducting the hip
joint?
In the correct image, the adolescent is abduction the hip joint by moving the leg away
from the midline of the body.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
Tremors
Tremors are a manifestation of hyperthyroidism, along with tachycardia, diaphoresis,
weight loss, insomnia, and exophthalmia.
A nurse is assessing a school-aged child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following
findings should the n urse expect?
Nuchal rigidity
This is a manifestation of bacterial meningitis.
A nurse is assessing a newborn’s heart rate. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
Auscultate the apical pulse at least 1 min.
The nurse should auscultate the apical pulse to obtain an accurate assessment of heart
rate and rhythm. Auscultation of a newborn’s heart sounds can be difficult because of
the rapid rate and the transmission of respiratory sounds.
A nurse is preparing t o assist with a thoracentesis for a client who has pleurisy. The nurse
should plan to perform which of the following actions?
Instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure.
It is important for the nurse to remind the client to avoid coughing and to lie still during a
thoracentesis to avoid puncturing the pleura.
A nurse in the ED is a ssessing a preschooler who has a facial laceration. The nurse should
identify which of the f ollowing findings as a potential indication of child sexual abuse?
The child exhibits discomfort while walking.
The nurse should identify this finding as a potential indication of child sexual abuse.
A nurse is preparing t o teach about dietary management to a client who has Crohn’s disease
and an enteroenteric f istula. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client
to decrease in their d iet?
Fiber
The nurse should instruct the client to consume a low-fiber diet to reduce diarrhea and
inflammation.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has a prescription for a continuous passive motion (CPM)
machine following a total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
Turn off the CPM machine during mealtime.
This promotes client comfort and dietary intake.
A nurse is preparing t o initiate IV access for an older adult client. Which of the following sites
should the nurse select when initiating the IV for the client?
Radial vein of the inner arm.
This site will have adequate subcutaneous t issue.
A nurse is developing a client education program a bout osteoporosis for older adult clients. The
nurse should include which of the following variables as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Sedentary lifestyle.
This is a risk factor for osteoporosis. The nurse should encourage older adult clients to
engage in weight-bearing exercises because t hey will promote bone health by
increasing calcium and phosphorus levels.
A nurse in an ED is caring for a child who has a fever and fluid-filled vesicles on the trunk and
extremities. Which of t he following interventions should the nurse identify as the priority?
Initiate transmission-based precautions
When using the urgent vs nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine
that the priority action is to initiate transmission-based precautions for the child. The
child most likely has varicella. Therefore, the nurse should isolate the child to prevent the
spread of the infection.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has a clogged percutaneous gastrostomy feeding tube. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Change the position of the client.
When providing client care, the nurse should use the least restrictive intervention first.
Therefore, the nurse should reposition the client to remove any kinks in the tube, which
can lead to clogging. If this method is unsuccessful, t he nurse should attempt to flush or
aspirate the client’s tube to remove the clog.
A home health care nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has a new ileostomy.
Which of the following i nstructions should the nurse include?
Empty the appliance when it is one-third t o one-half full.
The ileostomy pouch should be emptied when it is o ne-third to one-half full to prevent
stool leakage and skin irritation.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has end-stage kidney disease and
received hemodialysis 24 yr ago. Which of the following lab values should the nurse report to
the provider?
Sodium 148 mEq/L
The nurse should report this sodium level because it is a bove the expected reference
range of 136 to 145 mEq/L, indicating hypernatremia. Clients who have kidney disease
often retain sodium and require sodium-restricted diets.
A nurse is caring for four clients. Which of the following tasks should the nurse delegate to a
CNA?
Arrange the lunch tray for a client who has a hip fracture.
Assisting a client with meals is within the range of function of the CNA.
A nurse is preparing a client for a paracentesis. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
Instruct the client to void.
The nurse should instruct the client to void prior to the procedure because an empty
bladder decreases the risk of a bladder puncture and minimizes the client’s discomfort
during the procedure.
A nurse has received change of shift report on four assigned clients. For which of the following
clients should the nurse intervene to prevent a potential food and medication interaction?
A client who is receiving an MAOI and is requesting a cheeseburger for dinner. This
client’s food selection contains tyramine. Clients prescribed an MAOI must restrict the
intake of foods that contain tyramine due to adverse effects, such as hypertension.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and has moderate to severe
pain in multiple joints. W hich of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Allow for frequent rest periods throughout the day.
The nurse should encourage the client to balance rest with exercise to maintain muscle
strength, joint function, and range of motion.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who is receiving continuous bladder irrigation following a
transurethral resection of the prostate. The client reports bladder spasms, and the nurse
observes a decreased u rinary output. Which of the following action should the nurse take?
Irrigate the catheter with 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation.
Decreased urine output and bladder spasms indicate internal obstruction of the catheter.
Therefore, the nurse should irrigate the catheter with 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation and
notify the provider if the obstruction does n ot clear.
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect?
pH 7.31
Respiratory acidosis is an expected finding for a client who has COPD. The expected
reference range of pH is 7.35-7.45. A pH level of less than 7.35 indicates acidosis. For a
client who has COPD, a decrease in pH w ill be accompanied by an increase in the level
of carbon dioxide over the expected reference range of 35 to 45 mm Hg, indicating
respiratory acidosis.
A nurse in a community center is providing an educational session to a group of clients about
ovarian cancer. Which of the following manifestations of ovarian cancer should the nurse
include in the teaching?
Abdominal bloating
The nurse should include the presence of abdominal bloating as an early manifestation
of ovarian cancer. Other manifestations include an increase in abdominal girth, pelvic or
abdominal pain, early satiety, and urinary frequency or urgency.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has active TB. Which of the following actions should the nurse
plan to take to prevent the transmission of the disease?
Have the client wear a surgical mask while being transported outside the room. This
will prevent the transmission of the disease.
A nurse is caring for a g roup of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse attend to
first?
An older adult client who is anxious and attempting to pull out an IV line. This
client is at greater risk of injury.
An RN is observing an LPN and a CNA move a client up in bed. For which of the following
situations should the nurse intervene?
The LPN and the CNA grasp the client under his arms to lift him up in bed. They should
not grasp the client under the arms when lifting, as this can result in shoulder
dislocation or other injuries to the client. The RN should intervene and instruct the
nurses to use a draw sheet or friction-reducing device to lift the client.
A nurse is preparing t o administer insulin to a client via a pen device. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
Hold the insulin pen device perpendicular to the client’s skin to inject the medication.
This ensures the insulin enters the subQ tissue.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has immunosuppression and a continuous IV infusion. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take?
Monitor the client’s mouth every 8 hr.
Check for manifestations of infection, such as sores or lesions.
A nurse is providing t eaching about advance directives to a middle-aged adult client. Which of
the following client responses indicates an understanding of the teaching?
“I can designate my partner as my health care surrogate.”
This statement indicates that the client recognizes that designating a health care
surrogate is part of advance directives.
A nurse is assessing a client following a vaginal delivery and notes heavy lochia and a boggy
fundus. Which of t he following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Oxytocin
This is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions, to decrease vaginal bleeding.
A nurse manager is planning to use a democratic l eadership style with the nurses on the unit.
Which of the following a ctions by the nurse manager demonstrates a democratic leadership
style?
Seeks input from the other nurses.
This includes members of the team when making decisions and encourages staff
members to participate in the decision-making process.
A nurse is assigning t ask roles for a group of clients in a community mental health clinic. Which
of the following tasks should the nurse a ssign to the member of the group functioning as the
orienteer?
Noting the progress of the group toward assigned goals. This
is the task of the orienteer.
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a newly admitted child. Which of the following
actions should the nurse include in the plan? See Exhibit button Administer high-dose
antibiotic therapy.
Children who have cystic fibrosis metabolize antibiotics more rapidly and require higher
doses of antibiotics to help fight aggressive i nfections such as Burkholderia cepacia.
A nurse is caring for a n ewborn immediately after delivery. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse implement to prevent heat l oss by conduction?
Use a protective cover on the scale when weighing the infant.
Heat loss by conduction is a loss of heat between the newborn’s skin and the cooler
surface beneath it.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who had abdominal surgery 24 hr ago. Which of the following
actions is the nurse’s priority?
Assist with deep breathing and coughing.
The priority action the nurse should take when using the airway, breathing, circulation
approach to client care is to assist the client with deep breathing and coughing, which
reduces the risk of postop pneumonia.
A nurse in an outpatient mental health clinic is caring for four clients. The nurse should
recognize that which o f the following clients is effectively using sublimation as a defense
mechanism?
A client who channels their energy into a new hobby following the loss of their job.
Channeling negative feelings over the loss of their job into a new hobby is using the
defense mechanism of sublimation.
A nurse is assessing f or correct placement of a client’s NG feeding tube prior to administering a
bolus feeding. Which o f the following actions should the nurse t ake?
Aspirate contents from the tube and verify the pH level.
The nurse should verify that the pH l evel of the client’s gastric aspirate is less than 5 to
determine proper placement.
An antepartum nurse i s caring for four clients. For which of the following clients should the
nurse initiate seizure precautions?
A client who is at 33 weeks gestation and has severe gestational hypertension. The
nurse should initiate seizure precautions for a client who has severe gestational
because extremely elevated blood pressure in an antepartum client can trigger seizure
activity. The nurse should provide the client with a quiet, darkened environment, place
suction equipment and oxygen at the bedside, and position the call light within the
client’s reach.
A nurse is providing d ischarge teaching to a client who is to receive home oxygen therapy.
Which of the following i nstructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Wear clothing made with cotton fabrics while oxygen is in use.
Woolen and synthetic fabrics can generate static e lectricity, which increases the risk of a
fire.
A nurse is providing t eaching for a client who has a fracture of the right fibula with a short-leg
cast in place and a n ew prescription for c rutches. The client is non-weight bearing for 6 weeks.
Which of the following i nstructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Use the three-point gait.
This allows the client to be mobile without bearing weight on the affected extremity.
A nurse is preparing t o transfer a client from the ICU to the medical floor. The client was
recently weaned from mechanical ventilation following a pneumonectomy. Which of the
following information should the n urse include in the change-of-shift report?
The time of the client’s last dose of pain medication.
The nurse should recognize than an effective handoff report provides a baseline of the
client’s status for comparison and should include any recent changes or priority
situations affecting the client’s condition. The time of the client’s last dose of pain meds
is important to include so the receiving nurse can anticipate what time to give the next
dose.
A nurse is assessing a n infant who has hydrocephalus and is 6 hr postop following placement
of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to
the provider?
Irritability when being held.
This is a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure, which is an indication that the
VP shunt is malfunctioning. This finding should be reported to the provider immediately.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has a prescription for chlorpromazine. Which of the following
finding should the n urse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Decreased hallucinations.
This is an antipsychotic medication administered to decrease hallucinations and other
manifestations of schizophrenia.
A nurse is providing t eaching about lithium to a client who has bipolar disorder. Which of
the following statements s hould the nurse include in the teaching? “Notify your provider if
you experience increased thirst”
Increased thirst is a manifestation of lithium toxicity. The nurse should instruct the client
to report increased thirst, vomiting, diarrhea, or tremors to the provider.
A nurse caring for a client who has a fecal impaction. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take when digitally evacuating the stool?
Insert a lubricated gloved finger and advance along the rectal wall. This
is the correct way of doing this.
A nurse is planning to delegate client care tasks to a CNA. Which of the following tasks should
the nurse plan to delegate to the CNA?
Perform gastrostomy feedings through a client’s established gastrostomy tube. This
task is within their range of function.
A nurse manager is preparing an educational session for nursing staff about how to provide
cost-effective care. Which of the following methods should the nurse include in the teaching?
Delegate non-nursing tasks to ancillary staff.
It is an effective method of providing high-quality, cost-effective care because this will
allow additional time for nurses to focus on skilled tasks.
A nurse on an inpatient m ental health unit is monitoring a visit between a client who has a
history of aggressive b ehavior and the client’s partner. Which of the following should the nurse
identify as an indication of potential violence?
The client is pacing around the chair in which their partner is sitting.
Hyperactivity and pacing indicate that this client is at risk for violent behavior. The nurse
should assess the situation further and attempt to de-escalate the situation by speaking
to the client in a low, calm voice using short sentences.
A nurse is caring for a c lient who has signed an informed consent form to receive
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The client states to the nurse, “I’m not sure about this now. I’m
afraid it’s too risky.” Which of the following responses s hould the nurse make?
“You have the right to change your mind about this p rocedure at any time.”
The client can refuse to consent at any time for a procedure. The nurse is demonstrating
advocacy by respecting the client’s wishes r egarding care.
A rural community health nurse is developing a plan to improve health care delivery for migrant
farmworkers. To identify health services d ata for this minority group, the nurse should gather
information from which of the following sources?
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
The goal of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is to improve the
quality of health care services for all populations, including low-income groups and
minorities. This data should help the nurse to develop an evidence-based plan to
improve health care services for specific populations.
A nurse is assessing a newborn following a vaginal delivery. Which of the following findings
should the nurse report to the provider?
Nasal flaring.
This indicates respiratory distress. Signs are nasal flaring, retractions, and grunting.
A charge nurse is speaking with the partner of a client. The partner states that the client is not
receiving adequate care. Which of the following actions should the charge nurse take first to
resolve the situation?
Ask the partner to list specific concerns.
The first action the nurse should take u sing the nursing process is to assess the [Show Less]