ATI COMPREHENSIVE FINAL ACTUAL
ECG of electrolyte imbalances - ANSWERS-hypocalcemia: prolonged QT interval
-hypercalcemia: shortened QT
... [Show More] interval
-hypokalemia: flattened T-waves & cardiac dysrhythmia
-hyperkalemia: widened QRS
hypocalcemia - ANSWERStetany, cramps; paresthesia or numbness; abdominal
cramps; hypotension; dysrhythmias; trousseau's sign and chvostek's sign; seizures,
hyperreflexia; impaired clotting time
seizure precautions
lamotrigine - ANSWERS-antiepileptic drug: rash is 1st indication of Stevens-Johnson
syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis; can occur first 2-8 weeks of Tx- report
STAT
balanced skeletal traction - ANSWERS-offer diet high in fluids and fiber b/c
immobilized pt at risk for constipation
-provide pin care w/ one of following solutions: chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine; halfstrength hydrogen peroxide
doxycycline - ANSWERStetracycline antibiotic; AE is photo-sensitivity
thrombocytopenia - ANSWERSPLT < 100,000 (normal is 150,000-
450,000)increased risk of bleeding; if IV being d/c apply pressure for at least 5 mins
-bleeding precautions; avoid IM injections
Diabetes insipidus - ANSWERS-polyuria, hypernatremia
Tx hypotonic sodium chloride and vasopressin/DDAVP
SIADH - ANSWERShypervolemia, decreased sodium;
Tx fluid restriction, Na replacement w/ sodium chloride and IV lasix
anterior fontanel closes at.. - ANSWERS18 months
8 months.. - ANSWERSsits unsupported, stranger anxiety
9 month - ANSWERSdrinks well from a cup
12 months - ANSWERSsays 2 words; has 6 teeth
amblyopia & strabismus - ANSWERS-amblyopia is disorder of eye in which unilateral
central blindness occurs as result of another condition such as strabismus
-in strabismus, muscle weakness allows one eye to wander so child cannot focus on
an object w/ both eyes at same time. this confusion causes brain to ignore signals
from weak eye in favor of strong one, this will result in central blindness if not treated
by age of 6
-to strengthen weak eye muscle unaffected eye is patched
schizophrenia: appropriate activity - ANSWERS-walking w/ staff around gated
grounds
ATI COMPREHENSIVE FINAL ACTUAL
-encourage to participate in nonthreatening, noncompetitive physical activities,
provide opportunity for verbal interaction w/ health care team member
situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery - ANSWERStype of refractive eye laser surgery
opthalmologists perform to correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism which all
common causes of nearsightedness; however many people develop presbyopia
(farsightedness) w/ age and may need reading glasses despite having Lasik surgery
Asperger's syndrome - ANSWERShigh functioning form of autism spectrum disorder,
typically child will have normal to high cognitive skills; a structured environment can
help to minimize problems experienced w/ sudden schedule changes, socialization
requirements and preference for ritualistic behavior
subtotal thyroidectomy emergency bedside equipment post-op - ANSWERS-in event
of laryngeal edema or tetany, respiratory distress could result in airway obstruction,
emergency intubation may be difficult d/t laryngeal swelling & endotracheal
intubation may increase risk for hemorrhage by increasing tension on incision during
insertion
-a tracheostomy tray should be easily accessible
mechanical ventilation: low-pressure alarms - ANSWERS-either tubing has come
apart or pt has become disconnected from ventilator tubing, result of malfunction or
displacement of connections somewhere between endotracheal or tracheostomy
tube and ventilator (leak in ventilator circuitry)
mech vent: high-pressure alarms - ANSWERS-increase in resistance each time
ventilator administers a breath to pt
-excessive airway secretions, decreased lung compliance
rheumatic endocarditis teaching - ANSWERS-preventing a reoccurrence of
rheumatic endocarditis is goal of notifying provider prior to invasive surgery or dental
procedures
-prophylactic antibiotics given prior to invasive/dental procedures d/t risk of
streptococci
ROME - ANSWERSrespiratory opposite metabolic equal
respiratory alkalosis: increased pH, decreased CO2
respiratory acidosis, decreased pH, increased CO2
metabolic alkalosis: increased pH&HCO3
metabolic acidosis: decreased pH and HCO3
blood transfusions - ANSWERShang blood w/ D5W
betamethasone - ANSWERS-glucocorticoid used in prevention of respiratory distress
syndrome in premature infants
-causes hyperglycemia in mother which predisposes neonate to hypoglycemia
isoniazid prophylactic tb therapy - ANSWERS-taken for about 9 months to a year;
ensure compliance for entire treatment period [Show Less]