Which of the following is the largest component of total energy expenditure (TEE)?
A. RMR
B. Thermic effect of digestion
C. Physical Activity
D.
... [Show More] Metabolic Stress correct answers *A. RMR*
The thermogenic effect of digestion is generally thought to contribute to no more than 10% to TEE. Activity contributes to 5% - 30% to TEE. With the exceptions of burn and sepsis, metabolic stress contributes to less than 50% TEE. However, in almost all situations, RMR constitutes 60% to 75% of TEE.
Which of the following is the most commonly used method for assessing energy expenditure?
A. Indirect calorimetry (IC)
B. Predictive equations
C. The reverse Fick equation
D. Doubly labeled water correct answers *B. Predictive Equations*
Most nutrition support feeding regiments are based on predictive equations used to assess energy expenditure. The measurement of energy expenditure via IC is more accurate than predictive equations but is underused because the equipment is expensive to purchase and operate, and because some patients cannot be measured for various technical and physiological reasons.
Which parameter is measured when using IC?
A. Heat loss
B. Catabolic rate
C. Gas exchange
D. Free energy balance correct answers *C. Gas exchange*
Indirect calorimeters measure respiratory gas exchange (the difference between inspired and expired oxygen and carbon dioxide). If proper testing conditions are observed, respiratory gas exchange is equivalent to metabolic gas exchange (the consumption of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide at the cellular level). Gas exchange data are converted to RMR using the Weir equation.
You are determining the energy intake target for a 53-year-old, critically ill, male patient who is about to start enteral feeding. He is 170 cm in height and weighs 150 kg. His body mass index is 51.9 and his ideal body weight is 70 kg. Body temperature is 37.3 degrees Celsius and minute ventilation is 12.5 L/min. Based on the 2016 ASPEN guideline for calculating a goal energy intake for such a critically ill patient, what energy value would you use as the basis for the feeding plan?
A. 1750 kcal/d (25 kcal per kg ideal body weight) [Show Less]