Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation Practice Quiz (Part 2: 20 Items)
1. 1. Question
In acid-base balance, the normal plasma PCO2 and bicarbonate levels
... [Show More] are disturbed. Match the changes in this parameter with the disorders in the given choices: Low plasma PaCO2
o A. Metabolic Acidosis
o B. Respiratory Alkalosis
o C. Metabolic Alkalosis
o D. Respiratory Acidosis
Incorrect
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory Alkalosis
Excessive pulmonary ventilation decreases hydrogen ion concentration and thus causes respiratory alkalosis. It can become dangerous when it leads to cardiac dysrhythmias caused partly by a decrease in serum potassium levels.
2. 2. Question
In acid-base balance, the normal plasma PCO2 and bicarbonate levels are disturbed. Match the changes in this parameter with the disorders in the given choices: High plasma PaCO2
o A. Metabolic Acidosis
o B. Respiratory Alkalosis
o C. Metabolic Alkalosis
o D. Respiratory Acidosis
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D. Respiratory Acidosis
An excess of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) can cause carbon dioxide narcosis. In this condition, carbon dioxide levels are so high that they no longer stimulate respirations but depress them.
3. 3. Question
In acid-base balance, the normal plasma PCO2 and bicarbonate levels are disturbed. Match the changes in this parameter with the disorders in the given choices: Decreased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)
o A. Metabolic Acidosis
o B. Respiratory Alkalosis
o C. Metabolic Alkalosis
o D. Respiratory Acidosis
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Metabolic Acidosis
The body compensates by using body fat for energy, producing abnormal amounts of ketone bodies. In an effort to neutralize the ketones and maintain the acid-base balance of the body, plasma bicarbonate is exhausted. This condition can develop in anyone who does not eat an adequate diet and whose body fat must be burned for energy. Symptoms include headache and mental dullness.
4. 4. Question
In acid-base balance, the normal plasma PCO2 and bicarbonate levels are disturbed. Match the changes in this parameter with the disorders in the given choices: Increased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)
o A. Metabolic Acidosis
o B. Respiratory Alkalosis
o C. Metabolic Alkalosis
o D. Respiratory Acidosis
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Metabolic Alkalosis
In metabolic alkalosis, breathing becomes depressed in an effort to conserve carbon dioxide for combination with water in the blood to raise the blood level of carbonic acid. Symptoms include confusion, dizziness, numbness or tingling of fingers or toes.
5. 5. Question
What two organs in the body serve as a compensatory function to maintain acid-base balance?
o A. Kidneys and Lungs
o B. Lungs and Spleen
o C. Heart and Liver
o D. Gallbladder and Appendix
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Kidneys and Lungs
The carbonic acid concentration is controlled by the amount of carbon dioxide excreted by the lungs. The bicarbonate concentration is controlled by the kidneys, which selectively retain or excrete bicarbonate in response to the body’s needs.
6. 6. Question
Arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement will give the information needed to determine if the primary disturbance of acid-base balance is respiratory or metabolic in nature.
o A. True
o B. False
o C. Both Carbonic Acid Excess and Deficit Only
o D. Both Bicarbonate Excess and Deficit Only
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. True
ABG’s are blood tests that are useful in identifying the cause and extent of the acid-base disturbance and in guiding and monitoring treatment.
7. 7. Question
The major effect of acidosis is overexcitement of the central nervous system.
o A. True
o B. False
o C. Maybe
o D. Both Acidosis and Alkalosis result in overexcitement of the central nervous system.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: B. False
The major effect is a depression of the central nervous system, as evidenced by disorientation followed by coma.
8. 8. Question
Alkalosis is characterized by overexcitement of the nervous system.
o A. True
o B. False
o C. The major effect of Alkalosis is a depression of the central nervous system.
o D. Both Acidosis and Alkalosis result in overexcitement of the central nervous system.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. True
The muscles may go into a state of tetany and convulsions.
9. 9. Question
The human body functions optimally in a state of homeostasis.
o A. True
o B. False
o C. Maybe
o D. Homeostasis has nothing to do with metabolic balance.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. True
The maintenance of acid-base balance, which in one part of homeostasis, is evidenced by an arterial plasma pH value of 7.35-7.45. Many mechanisms in the body work together to achieve and maintain this delicate narrow range of pH that is essential for normal cell function.
10. 10. Question [Show Less]