What does an increased RI mean ✔✔increased resistance in vascular bed
What does an increased pulsatility index mean ✔✔increased resistance in
... [Show More] vascular bed
Normal PI for vessels supplying organs such as kidneys ✔✔< 0.75
Hydrostatic pressure:
when supine
at ankle when standing
above heart when standing ✔✔0 mmHg
100 mmHg
-30 mmHg
What vessel is the most posterior abdominal vessel ✔✔aortaPaired branches of the aorta (5) ✔✔suprarenal arteries (adrenal glands)
renal arteries (kidneys)
gonadal arteries (ovaries/testicles)
lumbar arteries
common iliac arteries
Unpaired branches of the aorta (4) ✔✔celiac axis (common hepatic, splenic, left gastric arteries)
SMA
IMA
median sacral artery
What level common iliac arteries bifurcate ✔✔L3-4
Decreased hematocrit may indicate what ✔✔bleed in body
What happens to the aorta as you follow it distally (2) ✔✔gets smaller
becomes more anteriorAortic Ectasia ✔✔lack of tapering of aorta as you move distally (can be precursor to aneurysm)
AAA
What vessel walls are involved ✔✔focal dilation of aorta >3cm or >50% diameter between two
adjacent segments
all three
Most common cause of AAA ✔✔atherosclerotic disease
Risk factors for AAA (4) ✔✔1. male
2. family history
3. smoking
4. chronic hypertension
Saccular aneurysm ✔✔localized round out pouching, may have small stalk
Fusiform aneurysm ✔✔vessel wall stretched in circumferential manner (most common)Mycotic aneurysm ✔✔infected aneurysm, seen with syphilis
Most common location of fusiform aneurysms ✔✔infrarenal
At what diameter is surgical intervention done on an AAA ✔✔>5.5cm
Complications of AAA (5) ✔✔1. rupture
2. decreased blood to lower extremities
3. thrombus accumulation and embolization (blue toe syndrome)
4. affects renal circulation and systemic blood pressure (if suprarenal)
5. compress IVC
Yin Yang Sign ✔✔sonographic sign with AAA
swirling of blood in body of aneurysm on color doppler
Splanchnic artery aneurysm most commonly occurs in
What gender is this more common in ✔✔splenic artery
womenAneurysm in the hepatic artery most commonly occurs in what segment ✔✔extra hepatic
With endovascular aortic repair, what happens to the native aortic sac over time
What plane should it be measured in ✔✔decreased in size
transverse
If aortic sac expands more than _____ between exams, a leak should be suspected ✔✔0.6 cm
Type I dissection
Type II dissection
Type III dissection ✔✔ascending and descending aorta
ascending aorta, associated with Marfan syndrome
descending aorta
Marfan syndrome ✔✔genetic disorder affecting connective tissue of heart, vessels, bones
Aortic rupture symptoms ✔✔back pai [Show Less]