AQA
A-level
HISTORY
7042/1D
Component 1D Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy,
1603–1702
Version: 1.0 Final
IB/M/Jun23/E10
... [Show More] 7042/1D
A-level
HISTORY
Component 1D Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy, 1603–1702
Wednesday 24 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1D.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
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IB/M/Jun23/7042/1D
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
In 1625 the religious anxieties of James I’s subjects ran high. This was not the fault of
his domestic religious policies but the impact of the religious aspects of his foreign
affairs. Charles I’s approach to the power of the bishops made tensions worse. James
had supported the privileges of the clergy, but Charles so promoted the status of bishops
that the Church became wealthier and more prominent, relying on the support of Charles’
prerogative powers. Rather than a change from James’ approach, an intensification of
what had gone before gathered momentum through the 1630s. It was not Arminian
theology but the increasing power of the bishops and Charles’ prerogative that caused
concern. As a result, Protestant perceptions of religious policy moved, in the years 1625
to 1645, from frustration to suspicion and then to simmering anger. By the late 1630s
there was a widespread belief in a ‘popish plot’, and trials, petitions and angry debates
brought a bitter war in the 1640s.
Adapted from J McCafferty, The Churches and the Peoples of the Three Kingdoms, 2000
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Extract B
The Laudian vision of the Church that came to dominate from 1625 to the early 1640s
increasingly differed from the Church of James I. Despite the long-standing protestant
hostility to idolatry, Laud aimed to restore visual symbols – stained glass, an altar at
which worshippers would kneel. He sought through the ‘beauty of holiness’ to develop
reverence, and through his insistence on a shared parish worship to build community
spirit in the parishes. But he could not do this without political cost. His programme was
enforced not only through determined visitations of the dioceses by the two busy
archbishops and their officials, but also by some well-publicised legal actions in the
1630s. But coercion had its limits. The ‘beauty of holiness’ cost money, and money
demanded for alterations that many churchwardens saw as idolatrous and popish was
not easily collected. Laud’s programme thus divided communities and came under
challenge, especially by Puritans in the 1630s until they destroyed it in the years 1640 to
1645.
Adapted from D Hirst, England in Conflict 1603–1660, 1999
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IB/M/Jun23/7042/1D Turn over ►
Extract C
In 1625, moderate Puritans had suffered no particular harassment and a broad
theological consensus had been reached. A form of anglicised Calvinism allowed Puritan
preachers to rise in the Church. This did not last under Charles I, as Puritans
immediately came under attack. Charles’ regime pressured some into conformity, and
drove a few into exile, but the main effect of his religious policy was to energise a dying
Puritanism. Laud drew up a list of churchmen, marking Puritans with the letter, P.
However, Puritans themselves divided people into two groups, identifying themselves as
the ‘godly’ and the rest as the ‘profane’. While there was no one Puritan manifesto in the
years 1625 to 1645, no unifying body of principles and beliefs, many Puritans shared the
view that the Reformation had been undermined from 1625. Religious developments
under Charles appeared to increase the threat of Catholicism and plunged Puritans either
into pessimism, or, after 1640, into activism.
Adapted from D Cressy, Charles I and the People of England, 2015
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0 1 Using your understanding of the historical context, assess how convincing the
arguments in these three extracts are in relation to the development of religious
divisions in the years 1625 to 1645.
[30 marks]
Turn over for Section B
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Section B
Answer two questions.
0 2 ‘Parliamentary opposition was the main reason for the deterioration in relations
between Crown and Parliament in the years 1604 to 1625.’
Assess the validity of this view.
[25 marks]
0 3 To what extent did religious issues weaken royal authority in the years 1660 to 1681?
[25 marks]
0 4 How successful was the Political Nation in asserting its influence over the Crown in the
years 1681 to 1702?
[25 marks]
END OF QUESTIONS
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*236A7042/1D*
A-level
HISTORY
7042/1D
Component 1D Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy, 1603–1702
Mark scheme
June 2023
Version: 1.0 Final
*236A7042/1D/MS*
MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL HISTORY – 7042/1D – JUNE 2023
2
Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant
questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the
standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in
this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’
responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same correct way.
As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts. Alternative
answers not already covered by the mark scheme are disc [Show Less]