2 organelles that contain their own DNA separate from the chromosome
Mitochondria and chloroplast
What domains fall under prokaryotic
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Bacteria and archaea
What are the basic features of all cells?
Membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, ribosomes
This organelle synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies poison, and stores calcium
Smooth ER
This cell is characterized by having DNA in a nucleus that is bound by a nuclear envelope and membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotic cell
This is a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules
Lysosome
The __________ is a selective barrier that allows oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to service the volume of every cell
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes use the information from the DNA to make what
Proteins
This cell type is characterized by having no nucleus, but instead a nucleoid, and no membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic cell
Diffusion through protein channels is known as what?
Facilitated diffusion
Site of ribosomal RNA synthesis
Nucleolus
What happens to a plant cell when placed in pure water (hypotonic solution)?
It becomes turgid, cell wall protects from bursting
Site of photosynthesis
chloroplast
These vacuoles pump excess water out of the cell
Contractile
This ER lacks ribosomes
Smooth ER
This organelle modifies products of the ER, manufactures certain macromolecules, sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles
Golgi apparatus
What kind of amino acids will anchor proteins into the membrane?
Non-polar
What is it called when cells are moving molecules against its concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration? What does it require to do this?
Active transport, requires ATP
Site of cellular respiration
Mitochondria
These types of vacuoles are formed by phagocytosis
Food
The logistics of carrying out cellular metabolism sets a limit on the size of cells. The ________ to _______ ratio of a cell is critical.
Surface area to volume
Both animals and plants have _________ that allow molecules to pass readily between adjacent cells without crossing plasma membranes.
Cell junctions
These vacuoles are found in many mature plant cells and they hold organic compounds and water
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