AP Biology Terminologies
Ligands - ๐ธ A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule.
Local Regulators - ๐ธ A
... [Show More] secreted molecule that influences cells near where it is secreted.
Biotic - ๐ธ Describes living factors in the environment.
Abiotic - ๐ธ Non-living things
keystone species - ๐ธ a species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
analogous structures - ๐ธ Body parts that share a common function, but not structure
vestigial structures - ๐ธ A structure that is present in an organism but no longer serves its original purpose
homologous structures - ๐ธ Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.
Positive Feedback - ๐ธ A type of regulation that responds to a change in conditions by initiating responses that will amplify the change. Takes organism away from a steady state.
Negative Feedback - ๐ธ A type of regulation that responds to a change in conditions by initiating responses that will counteract the change. Maintains a steady state.
Stimulus - ๐ธ any event or situation that evokes a response
Stimuli - ๐ธ Changes in the environment
Neurotransmitters - ๐ธ Chemicals that transmit information from one neuron to another
neurosecretory cells - ๐ธ Neurons of the hypothalamus that secrete neurohormone rather than neurotransmitter
Centromere - ๐ธ the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
IPMAT-C - ๐ธ Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis
Interphase - ๐ธ Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
G1 phase - ๐ธ stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions
G1 checkpoint - ๐ธ checks to see if cell size is adequate; chromosomes replication is successfully completed and checks for DNA errors
G0 phase - ๐ธ A nondividing state occupied by cells that have left the cell cycle, sometimes reversibly.
G2 phase - ๐ธ The Second stage of interphase in which cell duplicates its cytosol and organelles
G2 checkpoint - ๐ธ The cell checks to make sure the DNA is copied correctly
Mitosis - ๐ธ cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
Prophase (mitosis) - ๐ธ chromosomes condense and spindle apparatus begins to form
Metaphase (mitosis) - ๐ธ Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase (Mitosis) - ๐ธ cell elongates and sister chromatids are pulled apart toward the poles
Telophase (mitosis) - ๐ธ chromosomes begin to uncoil, spindles break down, and new nuclear membrane forms.
Cytokinesis in animal cells - ๐ธ The cell membrane is drawn inward until the cytoplasm is pinched into two nearly equal parts [Show Less]