First forms of anesthesia: - ANS-Nitrous Oxide and ether
Who may provide anesthesia care? (4 answers) - ANS-Anesthesiologist, CRNA,
Anesthesiologist
... [Show More] assistant, perioperative nurse
Factors to consider when determining what anesthetic to use for a particular patient: (8
answers) - ANS--pt/surgeon preference
-Surgical procedure
-Physical Status
-Age
-Postoperative recovery time
-Length of surgery
-Position of pt
-Pt previous experience with anesthesia
General Anesthesia - ANS-a reversible state of unconsciousness, consisting of
amnesia, analgesia, and muscle relaxation
Regional Anesthesia - ANS-a reversible loss of sensation, which is achieved by
injecting a local anesthetic to block the nerve fibers from transmitting impulses.
Local Anesthesia - ANS-functions like regional anesthesia but usually applies to a
smaller area or a single body part such as a finger or a toe.
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) - ANS-consists of intravenous medications and
concurrent local infiltration of tissue at the surgical site
What are the Four STAGES of Anesthesia? - ANS-• Stage I: Initial Administration - The
first stage is the actual administering of the anesthetic drugs. There are only a few
seconds in between the initial administering of the drug and unconsciousness.
• Stage II: Excitement - In Stage II the patient is now unconscious. Also known as
"excitement", is the time from loss of consciousness to the loss of eyelid reflex.
Involuntary movements may occur at this time.
• Stage III: Intrasurgery - This is the time of surgical anesthesia. The patient has rapid
eye movement and breathing may be labored until the muscles completely relax. It is
time to start the surgery.
• Stage IV: Possibility of respiratory failure - During this last stage of anesthesia, the
patient might need help. If too much anesthesia has been given, this stage is
characterized by respiratory failure, leading to circulatory failure. Without breathing
apparatus and heart support, the patient can die.
What are the three PHASES of anesthesia? - ANS-• Induction - This phase begins with
the administration of anesthesia and lasts until the surgical incision is made.• Maintenance - This phase begins with the surgical incision and lasts until near
completion of the procedure (Stage 3).
• Emergence - This phase starts as the patient begins to awaken and ends upon exiting
the operating room
IV regional anesthesia (Beir Block) is most often used for: - ANS-Upper extremity nerve
blockade
A common side effect to monitor after spinal anesthesia is: - ANS-hypotension due to
vasodilation
What is the most consistent physiological indication of Malignant Hyperthermia? - ANSIncreased end tidal CO2
What drug is given for Malignant Hyperthermia? - ANS-Dantrolene
*Also, stop triggering agents, give 100% oxygen, cool pt
During Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC), the Pt is monitored for what 3 risks? - ANS-•
Extravasation of intravenous medication
• A reduction of arterial oxygen saturation
• Breathing difficulty
During a peripheral nerve block, why must there be continuous nerve stimulation in the
area to be anesthetized? - ANS-To ensure proper needle placement [Show Less]