Telangiectasia (spider veins) possible underlying disease processes - ✔✔ Rosacea, liver dz, scleroderma, lupus, corticosteroids use, Raynauds, -
... [Show More] Differential: PVD, PE - look for hemosiderans deposition (staining)
What is a Type 1 error? - ✔✔ False Positive: incorrectly rejecting the true null hypothesis
What is a type 2 error? - ✔✔ False Negative: failing to reject a null hypothesis which is false
What is a national mandate to prevent VAP? - ✔✔ Elevated HOB
Credentialing and Privileging - ✔✔ Granted by hospital credentialing committee - necessary to practice in inpatient setting
Credentialing - ✔✔ Minimal level of professional competence, encompasses education, licensure, certification
Who is in charge of licenscing? - ✔✔ State board of nursing
What is sensitivity (+)? - ✔✔ Ability to test to correctly identify those with the disease
What is specificity (-)? - ✔✔ Ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease
What is a null hypothesis? - ✔✔ There is no significant relation between the variables of the study. If the null hypothesis is rejected, it means that the results of the study are not due to chance.
What is a P value? - ✔✔ Represents the probability of error involved in accepting the observed results as a valid representative of the population
What does P<0.05 mean? - ✔✔ Rejects null hypothesis
What dose P>0.05 mean? - ✔✔ Fails to reject null hypothesis
What is the NP scope of practice - ✔✔ Based on legal allowances in each state, according to delineated by individual state practice acts: provides guideline for nursing practice
Vaccines after splenectomy - ✔✔ both meningococcal & both pna most important; also HIV, flu, tdap, zoster, HPV, MMR, varicella
Addison's Disease - ✔✔ HypoNa, Hypoglycemia, HyperK, elevated ESR, lymphocytosis; plasma cortisol <5 at 0800, cosyntropin test
What do you give if a patient has Addison's and is hypotensive? - ✔✔ D5NS
Cushing's Disease - ✔✔ hypernatremia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, glycosuria, leukocytosis, increased serum ACTH; elevated plasma cortisol level in AM; dexamethasone suppression test
What ethnicity is most likely to have DM2 but not seek treatment? - ✔✔ Hispanics
Steps of research - ✔✔ 1. formulating the problem;
2. reviewing literature;
3. formulating hypothesis;
4. selecting design;
5. identifying population;
6. methods of data collection;
7. designing the study;
8. conducting the study;
9. analyzing the data;
10. interpreting results;
11. communicating findings
What is Arcus senilis? - ✔✔ blue/grey corneal ring in elderly d/t HLD - permanent color change, no effect on vision
What are vent setting for ARDS? - ✔✔ Low tidal volume, increase PEEP if pulmonary shunting
What is Medicare A? - ✔✔ Inpatient, hospice
What is Medicare B? - ✔✔ Outpatient services
What is Medicare C? - ✔✔ Choice (pick provider)
What is Medicare D? - ✔✔ Prescription drug coverage
Therapeutic communication - ✔✔ Listen more than talk, "tell me", not "why", focus on feelings, no euphemisms
When to send to tertiary care? - ✔✔ if full range of services are not available at current facility
For example: major maxillofacial fractures
le fort fractures of the skull
stabilize and ship
What lab to assess enteral feeding is beneficial? - ✔✔ Pre-albumin
What is a complication of enteral feedings? - ✔✔ Refeeding syndromes
What are symptoms of refeeding syndromes? - ✔✔ Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA, hypoMag, thiamine deficiency
Labs for TPN - ✔✔ Lipids, albumin are answer choices
Pt is in ICU 2 days post extubation but fails swallow study - ✔✔ Transfer to step down
DNR and advanced directives - ✔✔ Even if family wants everything done, cannot go against advanced directives
If there is a new SNF admit with CHF and dementia, what should the NP do first? - ✔✔ Assess cognition
What is a possible side effect of Synthroid? - ✔✔ Alopecia
Which pt is most likely to have angioedema with ACE? - ✔✔ AA
What are labs needed for ASA OD? - ✔✔ Hyperkalemia, elevated LFTs, metabolic acidosis
What do you have to watch for with a cancer pt with bone mets? - ✔✔ Hypercalcemia
What is the treatment for antifreeze ingestion? - ✔✔ Fomepizole
GCS TBI severity - ✔✔ Mild 13-15
Moderate 9-12
Severe 3-8 [Show Less]