Biochemistry - the study of the molecules that compose living organisms
Element - the simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties
Trace
... [Show More] Elements - An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts.
Radioisotopes - unstable isotopes
Radioactivity - the process of decay of Radioisotopes
Ionizing Radiation - Enough energy to dislodge electrons from atoms, forming ions; capable of causing cancer (gamma, X-rays, UV)
Physical Half-Life - the time required for 50% of its atoms to decay to a more stable state
Ions - charged particles with unequal number of protons and electrons
Anion - A negatively charged ion
Cation - A positively charged ion
Electrolytes - substances that ionize in water and form solutions capable of conducting electricity
Free Radicals - chemical particles with an odd number of electrons
Molecules - chemical particles composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond
Compounds - molecules composed of two or more elements
Isomers - molecules with identical molecular formulaes but different arrangements of their atoms
Molecular Weight - the sum of the atomic weights of its atoms
Antioxidant - a chemical that neutralizes free radicals
Chemical Bonds - A union between the electron structures of two or more atoms
Ionic bond - the attraction of a cation to an anion
Covalent bonds - Bonds created by sharing electrons with other atoms.
Single covalent bond - the sharing of a single pair of electrons
double covalent bond - the sharing of two pairs of electrons
polar covalent bond - A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
hydrogen bond - A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule.
mixture - A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
hydrophilic - substances that dissolve in water
hydrophobic - substances that do not dissolve in water
calorie - the base unit of heat
solution - A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.
Solute - A substance that is dissolved
solvent - A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
colloids - A mixture that has larger particles.
molarity - the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass [Show Less]