Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_286ks4 1. Skeletal muscle is attached to what? Attached to bones 2. Characteristics of
... [Show More] skeletal muscle -striated -voluntary -multi-nucleated -nuclei are at edges/periphery -Very organized/ linear -Long cylindrical fibers 3. prefixes for muscle tissues sacro, myo, mys 4. 4 functions of skeletal muscles -voluntary movement -maintain posture -heat production -help circulate blood vessels +lymphatic 5. Voluntary movement our skeleton muscles attach to out bones and when they contract they pull on the bones and produce movement. 6. Maintain posture: allows us to stay in an upright position whether standing or sitting. 7. Heat Production (which helps regulate body temp.) a lot of heat is produced when your muscles contract, this is why we shiver. 8. What is shivering? a mechanism to help increase body temp when we are cold. Small muscles contract in order to produce heat. 9. Circulating blood + lymphatic vessels often run through a muscle or very rear to a muscle when muscle contracts this helps to circulate blood +lymph through the vessel. 10. Sacrolemma the plasma membrane of a muscle cell 11. sacroplasm the cytoplasm of the muscle cell 12. 1 / 5 Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_286ks4 Sarcoplasmic reticulum the endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cell. stores + releases calcium 13. muscle cell = a muscle fiber 14. Organization of the muscle largest to smallest whole muscle--> fascicles--> muscle cells---> myofibrils-->sarcomeres---> myofilaments 15. whole muscle consists of many.... fasicles 16. fascicle bundles of... muscle cells 17. muscle cells consists of many myofibrils 18. myofibrils consists of many sacromeres 19. sarcomeres consist of myofillaments 20. What holds the muscle together? What does it do? three connective tissue membranes. keeps it from pulling apart. Epimysium, Endomysium, and peramysium 21. where are epimysium? CT membrane that covers outside of whole muscle 22. where are perimysium? CT membrane surrounding each fassicle 23. where are Endomysium? CT membrane inside surrounding each muscle cell 24. What are myofillaments? protein filaments that make up sacromere 2 / 5 Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_286ks4 25. what is Actin? the thin filaments actin has active binding sites all along its length for myosin heads to bind to. 26. What is Myosin? the thick filaments studded along its entire length with myosin heads. 27. skeletal is involuntary or voluntary? voluntary 28. What must happen to a skeletal muscle to contract? must be stimulated by a motor neuron in order to contract 29. Two steps involved in muscle contraction 1. irritability 2. contractility 30. Irritability when a motor neuron stimulates the muscle cell. stimulated by motor neuron 31. contractility muscle contracts and shortens and produces some specific movement. 32. what's a neuromuscular junction? where the motor neuron + muscle cell meet. 33. Where does irritability happen? in the neuromuscular junction 34. first step of irritability action potential and electrical stimulus travels down axon of the motor neuron. 35. second step of irritability when action potential reaches axon terminal it causes the synaptic vessicles to fuse to the axon terminal membrane and releases the acetylcholine into synaptic cleft. 36. third step of irritability now acetylcholine binds to the acetylcholine receptors 37. causes the sodium channels to open 3 / 5 Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_286ks4 fourth step of irritability 38. fifth step of irritability sodium now rushes into the muscle cell causing a new action potential to be produced. Travels down length of muscle cell. 39. first step of contractility new action potential traveling down the length of the muscle cell causes sarcoplasmic reticulum to release its stored calcium. (Ca+2) 40. second step of contractility Ca+2 release causes the active sites on actin to be exposed/ uncovered 41. third step of contractility now myosin head can bind to active sites. 42. fourth step of contractility myosin heads pivot and slide the actin toward the center of sacromere. 43. fifth step of contractility sacromere contracts 44. once the motor neuron stops what two things happen? 1. any acetylcholine left in cleft must be broken down by an enzyme. 2. calcium must be restored 45. you need a constant what for muscles to contract? constant ATP 46. 3 specific areas where ATP is needed 1. myosin head binding to active sites. 2. Myosin head release from active site. 3. Calcium restorage in the sarcoplasmic reticulum 47. Rigor mortis stiffness of the body after death. 48. why does rigor mortis happen? 4 / 5 Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_286ks4 still a little atp in body when you die.. enough to contract body. not enough atp for myosin heads to release so muscles remain in contracted state. 49. what is a muscle twitch? when we stimulate one muscle. 50. what is latency period? period of time (short) between stimulation +contraction. No force. 51. concentration period myosin head slide actin towards center of sacromere. muscle contracts+shortens. force increased 52. Relaxation period when myosin heads release from actin the muscle relaxes-returns to original length for decreasing 53. summation affect if you simulate a muscle cell again before it is completely relaxed it will contract again. contract greater force 54. complete tetnis smooth sustained muscle concentration because of rapid steam of stimuli. 55. 1 motor unit= 1 motor neuron + muscle that motor neuron stimulates 56. different sizes of motor units depend on # of muscle cells 57. small motor unit 5 muscle cells 58. large motor unit 100 muscle cells 59. Extra large motor unit 200 muscle cells 5 / 5 [Show Less]