Metaphysical Poetry - Answer- Uses conceits and uses intellectual and philosophical language. Makes abstract comparisons using conceits. ie. John
... [Show More] Donne.
Michael Wigglesworth - Answer- Clergyman who wrote "Day of Doom" and "Meat out of the Eater". He wrote lyrical, theological poems. Puritan.
Connotation - Answer- the feelings or emotions surrounding a word. (ie. home = pleasant haven)
motif - Answer- Phase, image, action, that unifies a work of literature by recurring throughout it. A theme or idea in a work of art or literature that is developed or repeated.
Theme - Answer- central idea of a work of literature, general topic or subject.
Apostrophe - Answer- A figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person, or some abstraction. Often used to address deep emotion.
Philip Freneau - Answer- Transitional poet. Between Enlightenment and the Romantic age. " "The Wild Honeysuckle". Published National Gazette that promoted anti-federalism. Considered "the poet of the American Revolution."
picaresque - Answer- novel about lower-class character who triumphs through wit instead of hard work. Usually autobiographical and in the first person.
J. Hector St. John Crevecoeur - Answer- •French-born American who wrote "Letters from an American Farmer". First successful American author. First to examine the idea of the "American Dream" and attempted to explain what an "American" was.
Concepts by him that influenced America culture.
• American Adam - uniqueness of new people called "Americans".
•Melting Pot - America's uniqueness transcends ethnic, religious, cultural backgrounds.
Huswifery - Answer- by Edward Taylor. "Make me, O Lord, thy Spinning Wheele compleat"
W.E.B. DuBois - Answer- Opposite of B.T. Washington. Black should engage in higher education. Challenges Washington's inability to see complete integration in America. Not only work for freedom but demand rights and participation in office. Disagrees on how "liberation" should be defined.
Alliteration - Answer- Repetition of consonant sounds.
Stephen Crane - Answer- A "realistic" writer. Wrote The Red Badge of Courage.
Irony: Henry's only wound comes from retreat, not battle.
-Humans are left on this world to fend for themselves without help from divine creator.
Heroic Couplet - Answer- a couplet consisting of two rhymed lines of iambic pentameter (ie. aa, bb, cc) and written in an elevated style. (tradition of the epic form)
imagery - Answer- The use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, thing, place, or experience.
Edward Taylor - Answer- Wrote Preparatory Meditations. God's Determinations touching His Elect. His work not meant for publication. Uses conceits and unusual images. Inspired metaphysical poets like Ezra Pound. T.S. Eliot.
Metonymy - Answer- One word or phrase is substituted for another with which is closely associated.
"crown → royalty",
"ring →marriage"
"heart→love"
Bluest Eye - Answer- Pecola wants_____________ to be beautiful.
-She is considered a scapegoat because her ugliness has made the towns people beautiful, her suffering made them feel lucky, her silence, their chatter.
By Toni Morrison.
Huck Finn escaped his father by - Answer- faking his death.
End of book: different from classic American success myths. Instead of being free of moral corruption into wilderness, it is being adopted into moral corruption away from wilderness.
Brook Farm - Answer- A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley. Emerson declined to live there. Hawthorne was there, but wrote a satire about it in "Blithedale Romance".
Margaret Fuller joined.
Olaudah Equiano - Answer- wrote The first slave narrative. "Interesting Narrative of the life of _____________". Powerful abolitionist voice against inhumanity. He bought his freedom and traveled and taught.
Close reading - Answer- ______ ignores author's intent or any commentary outside the particular work; viewed each work as a piece of art. Trend from 1920 to 1960. It scrutinized words and their order within a literary work.
Assonance - Answer- Repetition of vowel sounds within words.
William Dean Howells - Answer- leading realist who seriously considered the problems of industrialization and unequal rights in his novels. wrote bio of Abe Lincoln. Wrote "The Rise of Silas Lapham" - rags to riches story; moral and ethical dilemmas. Wrote "Edith".
William Hill Brown - Answer- wrote First American Novel - The Power of Sympathy (1789), a fictitious romance novel based on contemporary scandel between the Mertons and Sarah Merton's sister.
William Bradford - Answer- wrote Of Plymouth Plantation records why he wrote the forerunner of the US Constitution, The Mayflower Compact. Pilgrim Leader.
Ezra Pound - Answer- Subcategories of Modernism he was famous for expanding were Imagism and Vorticism. Vorticism describes a partiular type of art influenced by cubism and futurism. Wrote The Cantos and "In a Station of the Metro" Used Free Verse.
Thomas Paine - Answer- Common Sense, Age of Reason, The Rights of Man, The American Crisis. Revolutionary leader who argued for American independence from Britain.
Thomas Morton - Answer- satirized the rigidity of the New England Separatists New England Canaan. Bradford, horrified, wrote of Plymouth Plantation.
The literary periods of American Literature - Answer- 1) Colonial and Early National Period (Beginnings to 1830)
2) Romantic Period (1830 to 1870)
3) Realism and Naturalism Period (1870 to1910)
4) Modernism Period (1910 to1945)
5) Contemporary period (1945 and on)
Benjamin Harris - Answer- _____wrote the New England Primer, the first textbook used in the colonies. Wrote first newspaper as well.
James Fenimore Cooper - Answer- wrote Precaution, The Spy (About the American Revolution)
imitated English Novels. Author of The Leatherstocking Tales. Natty Bumppo aka Leatherstocking aka Hawkeye aka Deerslayer (superman with moccasins)
-Father of American Novels.
Order of The Leatherstocking Tales - Answer- 1)The Pioneers
2) The Last of the Mohicans
3) The Prairie
4) The Pathfinder
5) The Deerslayer (when Natty's the youngest)
John Winthrop - Answer- "A model of Christian Charity" by ____ ________". Sermon written on Arbella.
He recorded daily happenings from his voyage on the Arbella in his journal "The History of New England.
-major and minor events are no different and are all under the will of God.
William Cullen Bryant - Answer- he uses blank verse.
explored beauty of nature, considered the visible expression of God.
Death = unavoidable.
wrote "Thanatopsis" and "To a Waterfowl.
-He is a Fireside Poet.
William Byrd - Answer- Surveyor. Wrote accounts of his expeditions to Virginia and North Carolina in "History of the Dividing Line".
Both Journey to the Land of Eden and Progress to the Mines were published after his death.
Maya Angelou - Answer- wrote I Know why the Caged Bird Sings. African American autobiographical work. Themes: racism, identity, family.
Transcendentalist Authors - Answer- Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Henry David Thoreau, Alcott
Post World War 2 novels - Answer- -To Kill a Mockingbird
-The Catcher in the Rye
-The Bell Jar
-The Naked and the Dead
-Catch 22
-Invisible Man
Where does the thief hide the letter in the Purloined Letter? - Answer- The thief did not hide it at all. It was in plain view.
Transcendentalism - Answer- Movement in the Romantic tradition (around 1840), which held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition and creativity, which transcends reason and sensory experience. We can rise above doctrine and dogma. Nothing is evil. Avoid conformity. It was made famous in Self Reliance by Emerson.
In what Poe work was the detective story popularized? - Answer- "The Murders in the Rue Morgue"
-main character August Dupin
Naturalist Authors - Answer- Kate Chopin
Edith Wharton
Theodore Dreiser
Willa Cather
Stephen Crane
Jack London
Authors in the Beat Movement - Answer- William Burroughs = father figure of movement.
Allen Ginsberg
Kerouac
Gregory Corso
Gary Snyder
Kenneth Rexroth
Usually open verse, has controversial subject matters, in first person
Metaphysical Poets - Answer- John Donne
George Herbert
Richard Crashaw
Francis Quarles
The Mayflower Compact - Answer- Contract established power for colonists to make and enact laws for the good of the settlement. Consent to common government.
Synecdoche - Answer- Figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole. ie. How do you like my new ride? (Meaning car)
Main point of Richard Cory - Answer- Wealth and beauty does not mean one is happy. One does not know the hearts of others. You cannot buy happiness.
(by Edwin Arlington Robinson)
Excuse Thoreau gave to move to Walden Pond - Answer- Not to live cheaply, not to live dearly, but to gain understanding of society through personal introspection.
Simple, self sufficient living.
Uncle Tom's Cabin - Answer- sparked the Civil War.
portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral.
By Harriet Beecher Stowe.
It is a polemic (literary argument), not a novel.
Carl Sandburg - Answer- Wrote in Free Verse and in common speech. Wrote extensive bio on Abe Lincoln. Wrote "Chicago".
Great Gatsby is narrated by - Answer- Nick Caraway
Anne Bradstreet - Answer- First woman to be published in Colonial America.
Have a collection of poems, "the Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America" reveals love for her husband, children, and observation of colonial life. "Verses Upon the Burning of Our House."
Edith Wharton - Answer- Uses realism and naturalism to depict trapped and controlled life of an upper class woman in America.
Her characters faced with questions of true love and marital fidelity. At mercy of entities and events completely out of their control and understanding.
Wrote Ethan Frome, Age of Innocence, House of Mirth
Ambrose Bierce - Answer- Wrote Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge. Wrote satire and war stories. Defines heaven as "place where wicked cease from troubling you with talk of their personal affairs and the good listen with attention while you expound on your own."
Robert Frost - Answer- no free verse. yes blank verse, traditional, and plain speech. antithesis of literary modernism. Poems reflect ideas and landscape of New England. Poetry more aligned with transcendentalists. Famous for lyrical poems on country life in New England.
"Death of the Hired Man", "Birches",
"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"
"Mending Wall", "Road Not Taken".
Jack London - Answer- Only wrote for financial rewards. Socialist, supporter of Social Darwinism. Wrote Call of the Wild. Novels based on experiences in the Klondike gold rush.
"To Build a Fire" - dedication to realism and naturalism.
Booker T. Washington - Answer- Autobio - "Up from Slavery"
-Believe that African Americans must ignore racial segregation in favor or good, honest hard word. "Cast down the buckets where you owe. Focus on individual success and not wait for government or white population to amend past failings."
Willa Cather - Answer- •Readers experience westward expansion in real and painful terms. Wrote about Midwest, Nebraska experience for immigrants. Protagonists navigate gender + cultural issues.
•O Pioneers - Swedish family attempts to prosper as homesteaders.
•My Antonia and Death Comes for the Archbishop
Henry David Thoreau - Answer- -Transcendentalist.
-Wrote Walden (simple life)
-Civil Disobedience (individual resistance to corrupt government)
-Poems of Nature
-abolitionist.
-influenced by Emerson.
-cease to pay taxes
-Themes: simplicity, freedom from society, ills of materialism.
"I think we should be men first, and subjects afterward."
Nathaniel Hawthorne - Answer- -Romantic Period writer.
-The Scarlet Letter
-The Token
-The House of Seven Gables
-Blithedale Romance
-The Marble Faun
-skeptic of transcendentalism
-critical of puritans.
-allegorical and symbolic works.
Ralph Waldo Emerson - Answer- Wrote: Nature, Self-reliance, The Oversoul, The American Scholar, "Essays", Merlin.
-led Transcendentalist movement. [Show Less]