Which of the following is NOT a common side effect associated with the use of etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol (NuvaRing), a contraceptive vaginal ring?
... [Show More] Vaginitis
Breast tenderness
Increased appetite
Severe headache
Question:
A common side effect associated with the use of progestin-only contraceptives is:
depression.
amenorrhea.
hypertension.
edema.
Question:
The drug of choice to control mild abnormal uterine bleeding in a 25-year-old woman with future childbearing plans is:
estrogen only.
androgen therapy
gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.
progesterone only.
Question:
Nonhormonal treatments for menopausal symptoms include:
benzodiazepines.
copper intrauterine device.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
antiepileptic/antiseizure medications.
Question:
In the presence of mild hyperandrogenic symptoms related to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the initial recommended treatment is:
norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol (Lo Loestrin).
medroxyprogesterone (Provera).
ethinyl estradiol (Estinyl).
metformin (Glucophage).
Question:
Which of the following medications would NOT be beneficial in the treatment of pain associated with fibrocystic breast disease?
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol (Lo Loestrin)
Danazol
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Question:
The copper component of the ParaGard intrauterine device to prevent pregnancy is thought to:
thicken the endometrium and cervical mucus.
decrease the movement of ovum through the fallopian tubes.
interfere with estrogen uptake and decrease sperm motility.
suppress ovulation.
Question:
The drug of choice to control mild abnormal uterine bleeding in a teenage patient is:
estrogen only.
androgen therapy.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.
combination estrogen/progesterone.
Question:
A benefit associated with the use of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera), a progestin-only contraceptive, is:
decreased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease.
decreased risk of cardiovascular risk factors.
decreased risk of weight gain.
decreased risk of osteoporosis.
Question:
Progestin-only contraceptives:
do not alter the quality or quantity of breast milk.
are not safe for use in women with cardiovascular disease.
increase a patient's risk for pelvic inflammatory disease.
are contraindicated in the presence of moderate hypertension.
Question:
Late breakthrough bleeding or amenorrhea while taking an oral contraceptive may mean that the oral contraceptive has:
not enough estrogen.
too much estrogen.
not enough progestin.
too much progestin.
Question:
In the prevention of pregnancy, medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) should be administered at least every:
4 weeks.
8 weeks.
10 weeks.
12 weeks.
Question:
Tranexamic acid (Lysteda), used in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding, should not be administered concomitantly with:
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
combination hormonal contraceptives.
statins.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
Question:
When treating hirsutism associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, the best treatment is:
norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol (Lo Loestrin).
liraglutide (Victoza).
metformin (Glucophage).
spironolactone (Aldactone).
Question:
Which of the following is NOT a steroidal progestin found in contraceptives?
Drospirenone
Prednisolone
Levonorgestrel
Norethindrone
Question:
Danazol, classified as an androgen, is used in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and endometriosis. It works by suppressing:
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).
gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and sex binding hormone.
Question:
Oral contraceptive regimens in which the estrogen and progestin both vary throughout the cycle are considered:
monophasic.
biphasic.
triphasic.
quadriphasic.
Question:
Uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis can effectively be treated with:
ketoconazole orally.
itraconazole (Sporanox) orally.
nystatin cream.
miconazole (Monistat) vaginal suppository.
Question:
Patients taking oral contraceptives do NOT need to use a back-up method of contraception if taking:
ampicillin.
ketoconazole.
phenytoin (Dilantin).
metformin (Glucophage).
Question:
Etonogestrel (Nexplanon) implant, used for contraception, is contraindicated in women:
who are breastfeeding.
who have migraine headaches.
with a personal history of breast cancer.
who have coronary artery disease.
Question:
A woman who has had a hysterectomy complains of vaginal dryness, burning, and itching. A hormonal treatment is:
progesterone only.
oral combination contraceptives.
low-dose oral estrogen.
implanted testosterone pellets.
Question:
In addition to inhibiting ovulation, combined contraceptives further prevent pregnancy by:
creating a toxic environment for sperm.
increasing the viscosity of cervical mucus.
decreasing production of sex hormone-binding globulin.
thinning the uterine wall.
Question:
If a patient is experiencing breast tenderness and hypertension, she may be taking an oral contraceptive with:
not enough estrogen.
too much estrogen.
not enough progestin.
too much progestin.
Question:
When using an oral contraceptive patch, the patient should be advised:
that the patch can be placed anywhere on the trunk, including the breast.
to tape the patch in place if it detaches and has been off less than 24 hours.
to remove the patch for 7 days every eighth week.
to reapply the patch every 72 hours.
Question:
Which of the following medications is an aldosterone receptor antagonist and is used in the treatment of fibrocystic breast disease?
Amiloride (Midamor)
Chlorthalidone
Indapamide
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Question:
ParaGard intrauterine device should be changed every:
3 years.
5 years.
7 years.
10 years.
Question:
When treating acne associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, the best initial treatment is:
norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol (Lo Loestrin).
liraglutide (Victoza).
metformin (Glucophage).
spironolactone (Aldactone).
Question:
A common side effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera), a progesterone derivative, is:
dizziness.
muscle cramping.
breast tenderness.
vaginal atrophy.
Question:
The contraceptive that would be most appropriate for a lactating woman is:
levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol transdermal (Ortho Evra).
etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring (NuvaRing).
oral norethindrone (Jolivette).
levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol (Seasonique).
Question:
Intrauterine devices for contraception:
have no systemic effect on hormones.
are not safe for long-term use.
may cause uncomfortable intercourse.
never spontaneously expel.
Question:
Medroxyprogesterone (Provera), used to provide contraception and manage abnormal uterine bleeding, does NOT exhibit:
androgenic effects.
anabolic effects.
estrogenic activity.
progesterone activity.
Question:
Etonogestrel (Nexplanon) implant for contraception:
is effective for 5 years.
produces a quicker return to fertility than medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera).
is not safe for women with moderate to severe obesity.
does not affect libido.
Question:
Combination estrogen and progesterone therapy:
does not increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.
increases the risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and gallbladder disease. C
only increases breast cancer risk in the presence of family history.
preserves ovarian function in premenopausal women.
Question:
Fluconazole (Diflucan), an antifungal, should not be administered concomitantly with:
zolpidem (Ambien).
amoxicillin (Moxatag).
ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone (Yaz).
erythromycin (Ery-Tab).
Question:
The recommended treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is fluconazole administered:
as a single oral dose.
daily for 7 days.
daily for 3 months.
weekly for 6 months.
Question:
For treatment of menopausal symptoms in a woman with a history of hormone-sensitive breast cancer, the nurse practitioner should consider:
androgen therapy.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
progesterone-only therapy.
Question:
Which of the following is NOT true about hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in menopause?
Regardless of route of hormone replacement therapy, the lowest dose for the shortest amount of time should be utilized.
Estrogen and progestin should be given together if the uterus is still intact.
Every woman should be placed on hormone replacement therapy for at least 2 years to prevent cardiovascular effects of menopause.
Estrogen therapy is contraindicated with a history of breast cancer, active thrombosis or thrombophlebitis and active liver disease.
Question:
A Bartholin’s gland abscess caused by Staphylococcal aureus infection is best treated with:
amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin).
cephalexin (Keflex).
clindamycin (Cleocin).
metronidazole (Flagyl).
Question:
Transdermal contraceptives, when compared to oral combined contraceptives,:
have the same pharmacokinetics.
require higher peak doses to achieve therapeutic effects.
have constant plasma hormone levels, without peaks and troughs.
are safer in women who smoke.
Question:
A patient who is complaining of early or midcycle bleeding may need an oral contraceptive with:
more estrogen.
less estrogen.
more progestin.
less progestin.
Question:
Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate choice for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in an 18-year-old woman?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications
Oral contraceptives
Vitamin B6
Intrauterine devices
Question:
The brand name for medroxyprogesterone acetate, a progestin-only contraceptive, is:
Depo-Medrol.
Depo-Provera.
Lupron Depot.
Depo-Testosterone.
Question:
Spironolactone (Aldactone), used in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome, is highly protein bound and has a duration of:
6 hours.
12 hours.
24 hours.
48 hours.
Question:
A 23-year-old woman is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone) for premenstrual dysphoric disorder. At follow-up, she has a serum potassium of 5.8 mEq/L. The nurse practitioner should:
discontinue spironolactone (Aldactone).
discontinue the spironolactone (Aldactone) and administer kayexalate.
hold spironolactone (Aldactone) until hyperkalemia is resolved.
discontinue spironolactone (Aldactone) and begin a thiazide diuretic.
Question:
The mechanism of action of levonorgestrel in the Mirena intrauterine device is to:
thicken the endometrium and cervical mucus.
decrease the movement of ovum through fallopian tubes.
increase estrogen uptake and decrease sperm motility.
suppress gonadotropic hormones.
Question:
Danazol is indicated in the treatment of:
ectopic pregnancy.
endometriosis.
gonadal hypertrophy.
ovulatory dysfunction.
Question:
Etonogestrel (Nexplanon) implant for contraception contains:
estrogen only.
progesterone only.
equal amounts of estrogen and progesterone.
a higher dose of progesterone than estrogen.
Question:
A 23-year-old woman complains of breakthrough bleeding 1 month after being started on a combination oral contraceptive (OC). The nurse practitioner should:
advise the patient to use additional protection during intercourse, until resolved.
change to a progestin-only formulation.
advise the patient that breakthrough bleeding in the first 3 months is common.
change to a contraceptive patch for better regulation of hormones.
Question:
Which statement is true about diaphragms in comparison to pharmacologic methods of contraception?
They are as effective as oral contraceptives.
They can be removed immediately after intercourse.
They may cause recurrent bladder infections.
They are not as effective in preventing sexually transmitted diseases.
Question:
Which medication is considered an estrogen for the control of abnormal uterine bleeding?
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera)
Ethinyl estradiol (Estinyl)
Danazol (Danocrine)
Progestin (Aygestin)
Question:
Side effects of levonorgestrel (Plan B) to prevent pregnancy may include:
severe abdominal bloating and cramping.
nausea and vomiting.
breast tenderness and discharge.
vaginal discharge and edema.
Question:
A monophasic oral contraceptive:
contains only ethinyl estradiol and is administered in a 21-day cycle.
does not contain a placebo and is administered in a 28-day cycle.
contains estrogen and progestin. Doses are fixed throughout the cycle.
delivers estrogen for 7 days, then progesterone for 7 days, then combined estrogen/progesterone for 7 days.
Question:
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) reduces abnormal uterine bleeding by:
halting the production of estrogen.
stimulating the pituitary gland to produce follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
maintaining the corpus luteum and thus uterine thickness.
preventing overgrowth of the endometrium.
Question:
Buspirone (BuSpar), used in the treatment of anxiety related to premenstrual dysphoric disorder,:
requires a dosing decrease in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment.
is a controlled substance.
may lead to physical dependence or tolerance.
should not be used in patients older than 65.
Question:
Fluconazole (Diflucan), an antifungal,:
should be decreased in dose in the presence of renal impairment.
should be administered with food.
is only effective against Candida albicans.
is not effective in the treatment of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis.
Question:
When using metformin (Glucophage) to restore ovulation/menses in polycystic ovary syndrome, full restoration may take up to:
1 month.
2 months.
3 months.
9 months.
Question:
A 23-year-old woman with a desire for pregnancy needs treatment for symptoms related to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The initial choice is:
liraglutide (Victoza).
metformin (Glucophage).
spironolactone (Aldactone).
finasteride (Proscar).
Question:
Combined contraceptive patches:
are replaced every 14 days.
have fewer side effects than oral contraceptives.
may not be as effective in women weighing more than 200 pounds.
are safer than oral contraceptives in patients with hypertension.
Question:
Women who have had levonorgestrel (Mirena) implanted to prevent pregnancy do NOT need to immediately report:
painful intercourse.
fever with vaginal discharge.
string disappearance.
amenorrhea.
Question:
Medications that may be helpful in the treatment of vulvodynia include:
oral contraceptives.
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
antidepressants and anticonvulsants.
antibiotics and anti-inflammatories.
Question:
Combined oral contraceptive use is absolutely contraindicated in patients who:
are older than 35 years and smoke a pack of cigarettes/day.
develop migraine headaches after starting oral contraceptives.
are 6-12 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding.
had breast cancer more than 5 years ago.
Question:
Spironolactone (Aldactone), sometimes used to reduce the symptoms of hirsutism related to polycystic ovarian syndrome, is classified as a(n):
androgen agonist.
estrogen agonist.
progesterone antagonist.
androgen receptor blocker.
Question:
Which medication is NOT the best first choice for the treatment of anxiety/mood disorders related to premenstrual dysphoric disorder?
Ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone (Yaz)
Fluoxetine hydrochloride (Sarafem)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Question:
The brand name for fluconazole, an antifungal, is:
Cancidas.
Diflucan.
Micatin.
Sporanox.
Question:
The highest risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is associated with combined estrogen and progesterone therapy that is administered via:
the oral route.
transdermal patch.
intravaginal cream.
intravaginal ring.
Question:
Which of the following is true about missed doses of oral contraceptives?
If one dose is missed, skip it and take the next dose due.
If one dose is missed, take it as soon as it is remembered. If not remembered until the next day, do NOT take two tablets at the same time.
If two consecutive pills are missed, take two pills per day for the next 2 days.
If three consecutive pills are missed, the pack will need to be restarted.
Question:
Etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol (NuvaRing), a contraceptive vaginal ring,:
contains only estrogen.
contains only progestin.
is replaced weekly for 3 weeks, followed by 1 week ring-free.
releases higher doses of progestin steroids per day than estrogen.
Question:
Prior to major surgery with prolonged immobilization, combined contraceptives should be stopped at least:
1 week before surgery.
2 weeks before surgery.
3 weeks before surgery.
4 weeks before surgery.
Question:
Combined oral contraceptives are NOT likely to cause:
thromboembolism.
hypertension.
gallbladder disease.
ovarian cysts.
Question:
Topical creams and suppositories used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis:
are water based.
may weaken condoms and diaphragms.
have the same side effects as oral preparations.
should also be used to treat sex partners to prevent recurrence.
Question:
Patients who have been treated with danazol for abnormal uterine bleeding should be instructed that ovulation and cyclic bleeding should resume within:
14 days.
21 days.
30 days.
90 days.
Question:
Combined contraceptives, whether oral, patch or intravaginal, work in the ovulatory phase by:
increasing follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.
decreasing follicle-stimulating hormone and increasing luteinizing hormone.
suppressing follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormones.
increasing the release of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.
Question:
A 18-year-old patient took levonorgestrel (Plan-B) 24 hours after unprotected sex. She calls the office and requests additional information. The provider should advise the patient:
that plan B will protect her from becoming pregnant for 1 to 2 weeks after administration.
to expect spotting or bleeding before her next period.
that she may experience severe abdominal pain 24 hours after taking the medication.
to expect her menstrual cycle to be up to 2 weeks late.
Question:
The best choice for short-term treatment of severe abnormal uterine bleeding is:
estrogen only.
androgen therapy.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.
combination estrogen/progesterone.
Question:
Danazol, an androgen, may cause:
clitoral atrophy.
breast tenderness.
edema.
weight loss.
Question:
Which of the following is NOT true about the administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera)?
Few drug-drug interactions are associated with intramuscular Depo-Provera compared to oral contraceptives.
Depo-Provera must be discontinued and an alternate contraceptive considered at least 6 months before attempting pregnancy.
Menses may not return for 3 to 12 months after the last Depo-Provera injection.
Patients should be advised to take calcium and vitamin D while taking Depo-Provera.
Question:
Oral contraceptives in which the estrogen remains consistent, but the progestin varies throughout the cycle, is considered:
monophasic.
biphasic.
triphasic.
quadriphasic.
Question:
In oral contraceptives, when the estrogen dose remains the same for the first 21 days of the cycle and progestin is lower in the first half and higher in the second half, the regimen is classified as:
monophasic.
biphasic.
triphasic.
quadriphasic.
Question:
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action for progestin-only contraceptives, also known as the "mini-pill"?
Suppressing ovulation
Creating an atrophic endometrium
Thickening the cervical mucus
Creating an alkaline vaginal environment
Question:
Spermicides to prevent pregnancy:
cannot be used in conjunction with a condom.
help to prevent gonorrhea and chlamydia.
may affect long-term fertility.
should not be use as a back-up method for other contraceptives.
Question:
Serious adverse reactions of progesterone therapy that warrant immediate medical attention include:
breakthrough bleeding.
nipple discharge.
low blood pressure.
calf pain and swelling.
Question:
Before prescribing oral contraceptives, the nurse practitioner should check for:
anemia.
human papillomavirus via Pap test.
sexually transmitted diseases.
pregnancy.
Question:
Potential side effects associated with the use of combined oral contraceptives are:
cyclic weight gain and fluid retention.
decreased appetite and weight loss.
depression and headaches.
increased risk for sexually transmitted infections.
Question:
The best treatment choice for polycystic ovarian syndrome in a 23-year-old woman with an intact uterus and history of migraine with aura is:
levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol (Seasonique).
levonorgestrel /ethinyl estradiol transdermal (Ortho Evra).
levonorgestrel (Mirena) intrauterine device.
medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera).
Question:
When prescribing spironolactone for fibrocystic breast disease or polycystic ovarian syndrome, the nurse practitioner should provide initial and routine monitoring of:
serum potassium and creatinine.
urine aldosterone and potassium levels.
serum platelets and liver function.
serum CBC and TSH.
Question:
When a woman experiences weight gain, fatigue and changes in mood, her oral contraceptive may have too:
little estrogen.
much estrogen.
little progestin.
much progestin.
Question:
The half-life of fluconazole (Diflucan) for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis is approximately:
8 hours.
12 hours.
18 hours.
30 hours.
Question:
Tranexamic acid (Lysteda), used in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding, is classified as a(n):
estrogen.
progesterone.
androgen.
antifibrinolytic.
Question:
Prior to the initiation of paroxetine (Paxil) to treat mood disorder related to premenstrual dysphoric disorder in an 18-year-old woman, the nurse practitioner should check for:
altered liver function tests.
suicidal thinking.
obsessive compulsive disorder.
decreased bone mineral density.
Question:
Levonorgestrel (Plan B) for women who do not desire pregnancy:
is prescription only.
should be taken within 7 days of unprotected sex.
is 99% effective against pregnancy.
inhibits fertilization or implantation of fertilized egg.
Question:
A 53-year-old woman with an intact uterus has been receiving monophasic ethinyl estradiol for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms. Which one of the following statements is true?
Monophasic ethinyl estradiol is the recommended treatment for perimenopausal symptoms.
Monophasic ethinyl estradiol may increase the risk of cervical cancer.
Progesterone should be added to decrease endometrial hyperplasia risk.
The use of oral contraceptives is contraindicated in this patient.
Question:
The first-line treatment for mixed somatic and behavior symptoms related to severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) when pregnancy is desired is:
metformin (Glucophage).
spironolactone (Aldactone).
fluoxetine hydrochloride (Sarafem).
ibuprofen (Motrin).
Question:
Levonorgestrel, the active ingredient in Plan B for undesired pregnancy, is also found in:
Nexplanon implant.
Mirena intrauterine device.
ParaGard intrauterine device.
Depo-Provera.
Question:
Progestin-only contraceptives are contraindicated in women:
with moderate hypertension.
who have a personal history of stroke.
with pulmonary hypertension.
who are lactating.
Question:
When initiating progestin-only contraceptives, women should be advised to:
take with food anytime of the day.
resume with the next dose, if one dose is missed.
immediately report irregular uterine bleeding.
use a backup method of contraception for the first month.
Question:
Intrauterine devices should NOT be implanted in women:
until they are at least 2 weeks postpartum.
who have had a sexually transmitted infection in the past 3 months.
who have recurrent bladder infections.
with a history of toxic shock syndrome.
Question:
Levonorgestrel (Plan B), an emergency contraceptive, is absolutely contraindicated:
in the presence of psychiatric illness.
in the presence of known or suspected pregnancy.
in a woman who is breastfeeding.
in women with intrauterine fibroids.
Question:
The brand name for spironolactone, used in the treatment of fibrocystic breast disease, is:
Dyazide.
Aldactone.
Aldomet.
Sprintec.
Question:
The generic name of Diflucan is:
fluoxetine.
fluconazole.
metronidazole.
ketoconazole.
Question:
An oral contraceptive known as the "mini-pill" contains:
estrogen only.
progesterone only.
equal parts estrogen and progesterone.
a higher dose of progesterone than estrogen.
Question:
Levonorgestrel (Mirena) intrauterine device to prevent pregnancy should be changed every:
3 years.
5 years.
7 years.
10 years. [Show Less]