Advanced EMT A Clinical - Reasoning
Approach Second Edition Section 1 Key
Terms (Chapters 1 - 6)
Exam 2023-2024
Advanced Emergency Medical
... [Show More] Technician (Advanced EMT) - Answer-A prehospital
emergency care provider who uses basic and limited advanced life support skills to care
for acutely ill and injured patients. Also called AEMT.
advanced life support (ALS) - Answer-Complex patient care assessments and
interventions that require in-depth training.
allied health care professionals - Answer-Health care providers other than nurses and
physicians who provide specialized services, such as physical therapy, respiratory
therapy, and emergency medical services.
clinical training - Answer-The portion of health care provider training that takes place in
a medical setting, in particular, in the hospital.
community paramedicine (CP) - Answer-Program in which EMS providers deliver
nonemergency health services to meet a specific health need in a community.
Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) - Answer-An EMS provider who uses minimal
equipment to provide immediate lifesaving care to critically ill and injured patients while
awaiting the arrival of more highly trained EMS personnel.
emergency medical services (EMS) - Answer-An organized network of resources and
specially trained personnel that exists to provide lifesaving care to acutely ill and injured
patients in the prehospital setting.
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) - Answer-An EMS provider who provides
emergency medical care and transportation to the ill and injured, using the basic
equipment supplied on an ambulance.
EMS provider - Answer-An individual with one of four nationally recognized levels of
training who provides lifesaving care to acutely ill and injured patients in the prehospital
setting.
evidence-based practice - Answer-Using the best available research evidence to guide
patient assessment and care. Also called evidence-based medicine.
field training - Answer-The portion of health care provider training that takes place in the
practice setting; in EMS, refers to practical experience responding to EMS calls.
interfacility transportation - Answer-Ambulance transportation of chronically or acutely ill
patients from one health care institution to another.
mobile integrated healthcare (MIH) - Answer-Patient-centered health care delivery by
mobile resources in the outside-of-hospital setting
Paramedic - Answer-An allied health care professional who provides complex
assessments and interventions for critical and emergency patients.
physician medical director - Answer-A licensed medical doctor or doctors of osteopathic
medicine who assumes an oversight role in an EMS systems to provide guidelines for
medical treatment and continuous quality improvement activities.
prehospital - Answer-The environment and circumstances in which ill or injured patients
are cared for by EMS providers between the onset of the emergency and arrival at the
hospital.
profession - Answer-An occupation or vocation defined by a specialized set of
knowledge and code of ethics or conduct.
protocols - Answer-Written procedures that guide the management of specific
emergency situations.
research - Answer-A systematic investigation that seeks to discover or revise facts,
theories, or practical applications.
responsibilities - Answer-The obligations associated with a particular position or status.
roles - Answer-The functions expected of individuals in particular situations.
scope of practice - Answer-The defined tasks and skills that may be performed by
licensed individuals with specific levels of training.
self-directed learner - Answer-Person who takes the initiative to recognize gaps in his
knowledge and seek credible information to increase knowledge.
standing orders - Answer-Preexisting written physician's orders that may be carried out
by authorized health care providers without or prior to direct contact with the physician.
tiered response - Answeraccreditation - Answer-A formal process by which a professional body assesses
whether or not a program or institution has met the established standards of the
profession and formally recognizes that they standards have been met.
American Heart Association (AHA) - Answer-A nonprofit organization that supports
efforts to reduce death and disability from heart disease and stroke, and established
standards for emergency cardiac care.
certification - Answer-Recognition of achievement of requirements, which can be
granted by any agency.
concurrent medical direction - Answer-Real-time physician supervision of emergency
medical care. Also called direct medical direction or online medical direction.
continuing education (CE) - Answer-Instruction that takes place after initial competence
has been established.
continuous quality improvement (CQI) - Answer-A management process that uses
benchmarks to ensure and better the value of a product or service.
critical access hospitals - Answer-Small rural hospitals that provide 24-hour emergency
care to stabilize critical patients for transfer to a facility that provides a higher level of
care.
direct medical direction - Answer-Real-time physician supervision of emergency medical
care. Also called concurrent medical direction or online medical direction.
enhanced 911 - Answer-A communication system through which the public can request
emergency assistance using the universal telephone number 911; an enhanced 911
system displays the caller's location on the emergency operator or dispatcher's
computer terminal. Also called E-911.
indirect medical direction - Answer-Physician guidance of emergency medical care
through protocols or standing orders rather than through direct, real-time contact with
EMS providers. Also called offline medical direction.
licensure - Answer-The process through which a government agency grants permission
for qualified individuals to engage in an occupation.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) - Answer-A division of the U.S.
Department of Transportation that oversees many aspects of safety-related travel on
U.S. roads and highways, including the availability of emergency medical services.
National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) - Answer-A national
organization that was established to ensure uniform credentialing standards for EMS
personnel.
National Standard Curriculum (NSC) - Answer-A document that prescribes the content,
process, and structure for a particular level of EMS training; NSC at all levels is being
phased out as the National EMS Education Standards are implemented.
offline medical direction - Answer-Physician guidance of emergency medical care
through protocols or standing orders rather than through direct, real-time contact with
EMS providers. Also called indirect medical direction or prospective medical direction.
online medical direction - Answer-Real-time physician supervision of emergency
medical care. Also called direct medical direction or concurrent medical direction.
peak load - Answer-Time at which the volume of EMS class is the highest.
prospective medical direction - Answer-Physician guidance of emergency medical care
through protocols or standing orders rather than through direct, real-time contact with
EMS providers. Also called indirect medical direction or offline medical direction.
public safety answering point (PSAP) - Answer-The dispatch center that receives calls
requesting emergency services.
reciprocity - Answer-An agreement through which one state accepts the licensure of
professionals from another states as evidence of competency for licensure.
refresher education - Answer-Instruction that takes place after initial competence has
been established to ensure ongoing minimum competence.
retrospective medical direction - Answer-Physician review of the EMS care provided to
a patient.
system status management (SSM) - Answer-A computerized ambulance and personnel
deployment system.
third service - Answer-In EMS, a service that is the third branch of the city's or county's
public safety services, in addition to the fire service and law enforcement.
white paper - Answer-An authoritative government report that describes specific issues
and makes recommendations for solving them.
acute stress reaction - Answer-Signs and symptoms that occur on exposure to a
stressor. The effects may last up to four weeks.
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) - Answer-A hormone released from the anterior
pituitary gland that acts on the adrenal glands, causing secretion of epinephrine and
cortisol.
antioxidant - Answer-A substance that limits cellular damage caused by the breakdown
of molecules.
biohazard - Answer-Any type of biological substance that could produce harm or
disease, such as medical equipment contaminated with infectious body fluids.
body fluids - Answer-With response to infectious disease, includes fluids such as blood,
plasma, respiratory secretions, breast milk, vaginal secretions, semen, synovial fluid
(from joints), urine, and feces. Not included are tears and sweat.
body mass index (BMI) - Answer-A ratio of a person's weight to height, used as a
measure of obesity.
body mechanics - Answer-Using the body properly (such as correct posture, correct
muscle groups for lifting) in the performance of tasks to prevent injury.
burnout - Answer-Physical and psychological exhaustion occurring from prolonged
stress.
circadian rhythm - Answer-A pattern of physiologic and behavioral changes that occur
over a 24-hour period.
cleaning - Answer-Using soap or detergent and water to clean gross contamination from
surfaces.
communicable diseases - Answer-Infectious disease that can be spread from person to
person through direct or indirect contact. Also called contagious disease.
coping mechanisms - Answer-Psychological responses used consciously or
unconsciously to reduce the effects of a stressor.
cortisol - Answer-A stress hormone released from the outer portion of the adrenal
glands to help the body cope with stressors.
cumulative stress - Answer-The sum of the effects of exposure to stressors over time.
direct transmission - Answer-Spread of a communicable disease from one person to
another without an intermediary vector or fomite.
disinfecting - Answer-Using a hospital-grade chemical disinfectant product or 1:10
bleach-and-water solution to kill most microorganisms on a surface.
epinephrine - Answer-A stress hormone released from the inner portion of the adrenal
gland to prepare the body to respond to a stressor in the fight-or-flight response. Also
called adrenaline.
exposure - Answer-With respect to bloodborne pathogens, contact between a person's
mucous membranes or nonintact skin with infectious blood or body fluids of another
person; a condition in which a person is affected by the properties of a hazardous
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