AANP Review Questions and ANSWERS 2022/2023
Classic ECG finding in atrial flutter. Correct Answer: "Sawtooth" P waves
Definition of unstable angina.
... [Show More] Correct Answer: Angina is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest
Antihypertensive for a diabetic patient with proteinuria. Correct Answer: ACEI
Beck's triad for cardiac tamponade. Correct Answer: Hypotension, distant heart sounds, and JVD
Drugs that slow AV node transmission. Correct Answer: β-blockers, digoxin, calcium channel blockers
Hypercholesterolemia treatment that → flushing and pruritus. Correct Answer: Niacin
Treatment for atrial fibrillation. Correct Answer: Anticoagulation, rate control, cardioversion
Treatment for ventricular fibrillation. Correct Answer: Immediate cardioversion
Autoimmune complication occurring 2-4 weeks post-MI. Correct Answer: Dressler's syndrome: fever,
pericarditis, ↑ ESR
Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Correct Answer: Echocardiogram (showing thickened
left ventricular wall and outflow obstruction)
A fall in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg with inspiration. Correct Answer: Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac
tamponade)
Classic ECG findings in pericarditis. Correct Answer: Low-voltage, diffuse ST-segment elevation
Definition of hypertension. Correct Answer: BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart
Eight surgically correctable causes of hypertension. Correct Answer: Renal artery stenosis, coarctation
of the aorta, pheochromocytoma, Conn's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, unilateral renal parenchymal
disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism
Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit. Correct Answer: Abdominal ultrasound and CT
Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Correct Answer: > 5.5 cm, rapidly
enlarging, symptomatic, or ruptured
Treatment for acute coronary syndrome. Correct Answer: Morphine, O2, sublingual nitroglycerin, ASA,
IV β-blockers, heparin
What is the metabolic syndrome? Correct Answer: Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL,
hypertension, insulin resistance, prothrombotic or proinflammatory states
Appropriate diagnostic test?
■ A 50-year-old male with angina can exercise to 85% of maximum predicted heart rate. Correct
Answer: Exercise stress treadmill with ECG
Appropriate diagnostic test?
■ A 65-year-old woman with left bundle branch block and severe osteoarthritis has unstable angina.
Correct Answer: Pharmacologic stress test (e.g., dobutamine echo)
Signs of active ischemia during stress testing. Correct Answer: -Angina
-ST-segment changes on ECG
-↓ BP
ECG findings suggesting MI. Correct Answer: -ST-segment elev (depression = ischemia), -flattened T
waves
-Q waves
A young patient has angina at rest with ST-segment elevation. Cardiac enzymes are normal. Correct
Answer: Prinzmetal's angina
The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism. Correct Answer: V/Q scan
An agent that reverses the effects of heparin. Correct Answer: Protamine
The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin. Correct Answer: PT
A young patient with a family history of sudden death collapses and dies while exercising. Correct
Answer: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Endocarditis prophylaxis regimens. Correct Answer: -Oral surgery—amoxicillin;
-GI or GU procedures—ampicillin and gentamicin before and amoxicillin after
The 6 P's of ischemia due to peripheral vascular disease. Correct Answer: Pain, pallor, pulselessness,
paralysis, paresthesia, poikilothermia
Virchow's triad. Correct Answer: Stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage
The most common cause of hypertension in young women. Correct Answer: OCPs
The most common cause of hypertension in young men. Correct Answer: Excessive EtOH
"Stuck-on" appearance. Correct Answer: Seborrheic keratosis
Red plaques with silvery-white scales and sharp margins. Correct Answer: Psoriasis
The most common type of skin cancer; the lesion is a pearly-colored papule with a translucent surface
and telangiectasias. Correct Answer: Basal cell carcinoma
Honey-crusted lesions. Correct Answer: Impetigo
A febrile patient with a history of diabetes presents with a red, swollen, painful lower extremity. Correct
Answer: Cellulitis
A 55-year-old obese patient presents with dirty, velvety patches on the back of the neck. Correct
Answer: Acanthosis nigricans. Check fasting blood sugar to rule out diabetes
Dermatomal distribution. Correct Answer: Varicella zoster
Flat-topped papules. Correct Answer: Lichen planus
Iris-like target lesions. Correct Answer: Erythema multiforme
A lesion characteristically occurring in a linear pattern in areas where skin comes into contact with
clothing or jewelry. Correct Answer: Contact dermatitis
Presents with a herald patch, Christmas-tree pattern. Correct Answer: Pityriasis rosea
A 16-year-old presents with an annular patch of alopecia with broken-off, stubby hairs. Correct Answer:
Alopecia areata (autoimmune process)
Pinkish, scaling, flat lesions on the chest and back. KOH prep has a "spaghetti-and-meatballs"
appearance. Correct Answer: Pityriasis versicolor
Four characteristics of a nevus suggestive of melanoma. Correct Answer: Asymmetry, border
irregularity, color variation, large diameter
Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can → squamous cell carcinoma. Correct Answer: Actinic
keratosis
"Dewdrop on a rose petal." Correct Answer: Lesions of 1° varicella
"Cradle cap." Correct Answer: Seborrheic dermatitis. Treat with antifungals
Associated with Propionibacterium acnes and changes in androgen levels. Correct Answer: Acne
vulgaris
A painful, recurrent vesicular eruption of mucocutaneous surfaces. Correct Answer: Herpes simplex. [Show Less]