1. What is loess? - A fine dustlike material that can form soil
2. Which metal was most valued by the ancient Chinese? - bronze
3. What is a
... [Show More] protective wall that controls or holds back water? - dikes
4. Why did Zhang Shi cut apart her beautiful weaving? - She wanted to show Mencius his mistake. She showed him that throwing away the weaving is the same thing as throwing away the opportunity to go to school.
5. Who was the Son of Heaven? - Ruler of China
6. Which spirits were most important to the Chinese? - spirits of their ancestors
7. Why did the living "take care" of dead ancestors? - so the ancestors would protect and guide them
8. Where did China's first civilization develop? - Along Huang River on the north China Plain
9. How did Zhou king control his vast kingdom? - He picked family members to be in charge of individual regions.
10. How did Zhou Dynasty gain the Mandate of Heaven? - They defeated the Shang Dynasty.
11. How did China's isolation affect its culture? - They did not have good trade and were not influenced by other cultures, so their culture was unique.
12. What occurred during the end of the Zhou Dynasty? - Warlords began to fight
13. How did the development of iron affect the Zhou military? - it gave them stronger weapons.
14. What are the earliest written records from China? - oracle bones
15. What is philosophy? - a set of beliefs about the world and how to live
16. In what other ways did the Chinese frighten away evil spirits? - They would paint fierce warriors on their door frames.
17. How long did the Warring States period last? - over 250 years
18. What was the main political unit of ancient Greece? - polis
19. Where were the government buildings of an ancient Greek community? - Acropolis
20. What is politics? - the art of government
21. Who were the only people who held legal rights in a Greek city-state? - citizens
22. How did the aristocracy gain its power? - They were born into it.
23. Where did the tenant farmers, called thetes, work? - rented land from landowners
24. Why didn't metics enjoy full rights of citizens? - They were foreigners.
25. Who held the highest status in ancient Greece? - Aristocracy
26. Why did the people of ancient Greece have to migrate? - Overpopulation caused them to migrate.
27. Who did the early Greek oligarchies favor when they created laws? - the rich
28. What was the phalanx? - a formation of heavily armed foot soldiers who move together as a unit
29. Who holds the power in a democracy? - male citizens
30. In what kind of government do citizens elect other people to make decisions on their behalf? - representative democracy
31. What was the status of the helots? How did they get this status? - Helots belonged to the entire polis and would have to do what any one person in the polis told them to do. The Spartans conquered them.
32. Why was Sparta organized as a military state? - to put down uprising of the Messenians / helots
33. Where did Spartan boys live? - barracks
34. What did the Spartans value? - fitting in
35. Why did ancient Greeks think of their communities as separate countries? - Their geography (mountains) separated them so it made it harder to travel.
36. What early culture group lived on the island of Crete? - Minoans
37. Who could be a citizen in ancient Athens? - It had to be a male whose parents were both Greek.
38. Who was the most powerful man in Athenian politics during the Golden Age? - Pericles
39. What was the role of women in ancient Greece? - to obey the men
40. Who did most of the work in ancient Greece? - slaves
41. For what were the Spartans well-known? - warlike military strength
42. Who first began making the world's first gold and silver coins? - Kings of Lydia
43. After which goddess is Athens named? - Athena
44. Where did the people of the Indus Valley store their surplus crops? - granary
45. What are the most known cities in the Indus River Valley? - Mohenjo Dara, Lothal, Harappa
46. What did the early Indus Valley carve on the stone seals that leads archaeologists to believe they practiced Hinduism? - They had a picture of someone meditating.
47. What is one crop that was first grown in the Indus River Valley? - cotton
48. What is a monsoon? - a seasonal wind that sometimes brings water
49. Who were the first to settle in the Indus Valley? - Dravidians who were from a lost island.
50. Why were citadels built? - for protection
51. In ancient India, where did the first civilizations arise? - near rivers
52. What word means a fortified area? - Citadel
53. What caused the ancient Indian civilization to disappear? - No one knows.
54. On what did early farming villages in India depend? - the summer monsoon
55. Which physical feature separates the subcontinent of India from the rest of Asia? - the Himalayas
56. What did the Indus River Valley people use to identify their goods? - stone seals
57. Why were the Indus Valley people so good at trade? - They had an accurate system of weights and measure.
58. yes or no: Were scholars able to learn a lot about the early Indus civilization by reading the writing they found? - no
59. yes or no: Did the Indus River Valley people invent dice? - yes
60. What river flows nearly 1500 miles across the northern part of the subcontinent of India? - Ganges River
61. How do archaeologists know that Indus River Valley had an organized government? - They had a sewage system, built buildings and roads in a grid, and had an accurate system of weights and measures.
62. What was a major religion in India? - Hinduism
63. What was the main interest of the Chinese emperor Wudi? - He wanted to improve Chinese society.
64. How was Buddhism introduced to China? - Buddhist missionaries followed the silk road.
65. Which industries were state monopolies under the Han? - salt and iron mines
66. What was the purpose of the Great Wall? - to keep out northern nomadic invaders
67. What did Shi Huangdi to try to control Chinese thought? - He outlawed Confucianism and other philosophies.
68. Who was the first emperor of a united China? - Shi Huangdi
69. Which emperor expanded Chinese rule to its peak during the Han Dynasty? - Wudi
70. Because the government gave examinations based on Confucius' teachings, who could have government jobs? - anyone
71. How did Han rulers bring back respect for tradition during the Han Dynasty? - They encouraged people to follow the ideas of Confucius.
72. How did Shi Huangdi deal with people who opposed him? - He killed them.
73. How did the physical geography affect Chinese civilization? - They developed their own unique culture because of their isolation.
74. How was transportation standardized under the Qin? - They made all axles the same width.
75. What are some of the things that the Han Dynasty are known for? - paper, calligraphy, a stable government, acupuncture, garden designs, poems, murals, seismometer, astronomy, silk, wheelbarrows, lacquerware, herbal medicines
76. What is the Silk Road? - Network of trade routes through Asia
77. Why was silk cloth so valuable? - The were the only people who knew how to make it.
78. What was an important accomplishment of the Chinese during the Han Dynasty? - Building the great wall
79. Name some of the accomplishments of Shi Huangdi. - started building of the great wall, standardized money, standardized axel width, accurate weights and measures
80. What is legalism? - Harsh laws are needed for people to follow the rules.
81. What is Dao? - that life should be lived in harmony in nature
82. Who is known as "First Teacher"? - Confucius
83. What is discussed in the Analects? - education and ritual
84. Who recorded the Analects? - Confucius' followers
85. According to Daoism, what must be balanced? - yin and yang
86. What is yin and yang? - Yin is a female force that is dark, cold, and quiet. yang is a male force which is bright, warm, and active.
87. According to Confucius, what brings order to society? - filial piety
88. Who supports the idea that life should be lived in harmony with nature? - The Daoist
89. According to Confucius, what are two ways people could learn values and good behavior? - by following filial piety and order/harmony
90. What is filial piety? - Filial Piety is the devotion of children to their parents.
91. What is the title of Laozi's book of beliefs? - It is called the Dao De Jing.
92. According to Confucius, what would filial piety, earned through proper behavior, lead to? - The filial piety was the source of all virtues to Confucius. If you followed it, it would model how you would act in other relationships.
93. Who was Siddhartha Gautama before he became the Buddha? - a Hindu prince
94. What is the goal of following the Eightfold Path? - to reach Nirvana
95. Who was the founder of Buddhism? - Siddhartha Gautama
96. What does Buddha mean? - "the enlightened one"
97. Where did Siddhartha achieve enlightenment after meditating for forty-nine days? - the Bodhi Tree
98. What are the benefits to those who reach nirvana? - The benefits to those who reach nirvana is that they are now at peace with themselves and they were no longer part of the cycle of reincarnation.
99. Who carried the Buddha's teachings beyond India? - Buddhist missionaries
100. How was Chandragupta's rule unique? - He was the first ruler to rule over most of India.
...CONTD
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