2024 NAMS MENOPAUSE CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONSWITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Chinese and Japanese women - ANSWER These ethnic groupshave
lowerestradiol
... [Show More] levels then white,blackandhispanic women.
stage +2- ANSWER late menopause stage: 5-8 years after FMP.Somatic
agingpredominates. Increasedgenitourinarysymptoms.
Stages +1a, +1b, +1c - ANSWER earlypostmenopause:2yearsafter
FMP.FSH rises,estradioldecreases.VMS predominate.
ElevatedFSH, LH - ANSWER Endocrinelabsafter menopause
AMH, inhibin B - ANSWER Thesehormones workduring
reproductive years to not deplete follicle pool too quickly.
Phasesduringmenopausetransitionand PMS symptoms- ANSWER
Menstrual cycle shortenes, follicular phase compresses, women spend more time in
luteal phase.. meaning more premenstrual symptomsand morefrequent menstrual
periods.
How torespondifapatientrequestsFSH lab?- ANSWER many
pitfalls, variabledepending onthedayof thecycleyoudraw thelab,normalorlow
FSH isnothelpful.
Thepotentiallysuperior markerof menopause,alab. - ANSWER
AMH
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) - ANSWER Adrenal androgens:
precursor hromones produced by the adrenal gland that are enzymatically
converted to active androgens or estrogens in peripheral tissues.
Location ofestrogen receptors - ANSWER Vagina,vulva,urethra,
trigoneof thebladder
Effectsofestrogenontissue- ANSWER maintain blood flow, the
collagen, and HA within the epithelial surfaces. Supports microbiomeandprotects
tissuefrom pathogens.
Vaginal changes with menopause - ANSWER Thinning, lossof
elasticity, lossorabsenceorrugae.
Vaginaandurethrainmenopause- ANSWER vagina narrows,
urethra movesclosertotheintroitus.
Stressurinary incontinence - ANSWER Vaginalestrogenand
urinaryincontinence: what typedoesithelp with?
Treatment forFPHL- ANSWER Minoxidil, spironolactone,
finasteride,estrogentherapy
Climactericphase- ANSWER The period of endrocrinologic, somatic,
and transitory psychologic changes that occur around thetimeof menopause.
Early menopause - ANSWER LMP before age 45Late
menopause - ANSWER LMP afterage 54
Primaryovarian insufficiency - ANSWER Menopausethatoccurs
beforeage40
Earlymenopausetransition(stage-2)- ANSWER Persistent
differenceof7days or morein thelengthof consecutive cycles.
Latemenopausetransition(stage-1)- ANSWER 60 ormore
consecutivedaysofamenorrhea
Luteal out of phase event (LOOP) - ANSWER Explains why some
perimenopausal womenhaveelevatedestrogenlevelsometimes...Intheearly
menopausetransition,elevatedFSH levelsareadequatetorecruit a second follicle
which results in a follicular phase-like rise inestradiol secretion superimposed on
the mid-to-late luteal phase of theongoingovulatorycycle.
Obese womenandestradiol levelsduringmenopause- ANSWER
Obese women are more likely to have anovulatory cycles with high estradiol levels.
They are also more likely to have lower premenopauseyethigherpostmenopause
estradiol levelscomparedwith women of normal weight. (why they are at higher risk
of endometrialcancer) [Show Less]