2024 ATI Med Surg, Urinary Fluid and Electrolytes
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Correct Answers
Question 1:
The nurse caring for a
... [Show More] client reviews the medical record and determines the
client is at risk for developing a potassium deficit because of which situation?
A. History of Addison's disease.
B. Has sustained tissue damage.
C. Uric acid level of 9.4 mg/dL.
D. Requires nasogastric suction.
Show correct answer and explanation
Explanation
Nasogastric suction removes gastric secretions that contain potassium, leading
to a loss of potassium from the body. This can cause hypokalemia, which is a low
level of potassium in the blood.
Choice A is wrong because Addison’s disease causes hyperkalemia, which is a
high level of potassium in the blood.
Choice B is wrong because tissue damage can release potassium from the cells
into the blood, causing hyperkalemia.
Choice C is wrong because uric acid level is not related to potassium level.
Uric acid is a waste product of purine metabolism that can cause gout or kidney
stones if elevated.
Question 2:
The nurse is assessing a client with hypocalcemia.
What clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to note in this client?
A. Positive Trousseau's sign.
B. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes.
C. Hyperactive bowel sounds.
D. Muscle twitching.
Show correct answer and explanation
Explanation
Trousseau’s sign is a test for hypocalcemia that involves inflating a blood
pressure cuff on the arm and observing for carpal spasm. A positive sign
indicates low calcium levels in the blood, which can cause neuromuscular
irritability.
Choice B is wrong because hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are a sign of
hypomagnesemia, which is a low level of magnesium in the blood.
Choice C is wrong because hyperactive bowel sounds are a sign of
hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood.
Choice D is wrong because muscle twitching can be caused by many factors,
such as anxiety, caffeine, or electrolyte imbalance, and is not specific to
hypocalcemia.
Question 3:
The client has an IV of dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline. The physician has
ordered a transfusion of [Show Less]