2024 Air Methods Critical Care Exam - Complete Solutions (Answered) Which of the following is a cause of diastolic dysfunction? A. Cardiac tamponade B.
... [Show More] Myocardial infarction C. Hypertension D. Aortic stenosis Diastolic dysfunction is an inability of the heart to fill adequately. Tamponade compresses the chambers so that filling is impaired. If filling is impaired, cardiac output is diminished. Which single lead is the most valuable for the diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia? A.II B.V1 C.V6 D.III Because ventricular tachycardia is most likely to originate in the left ventricle, lead V1, which is normally predominantly negative, would be predominantly positive in ventricular tachycardia. Leads II and III, both inferior leads, are too similar for either to be correct. Because the normal QRS axis is down and to the left, causing a predominantly positive QRS complex in lead V6 but a predominantly negative QRS complex in lead V1, choose lead V1. On a pulmonary artery waveform, the dicrotic notch represents closure of which valve? A. Aortic valve B. Pulmonic valve C. Tricuspid valve D. Mitral valve In a pulmonary artery waveform the three components of the waveform are systole, dicrotic notch, and diastole. Systole is the pressure generated by the right ventricle so that the pulmonic valve will be pushed open, the dicrotic notch is caused by the closure of the pulmonic valve, and diastole is the pressure in the pulmonary artery during ventricular diastole. The diastolic pressure is a reflection of the vascular tone in the pulmonary vascular bed. If the vessels are constricted or if there is back pressure from the left side of the heart, the diastolic pressure will be high. A 36 yo patient presents in VTACH what is the most appropriate drug? A. Amiodarone (Cordarone) B. Verapamil (Calan) C. Adenosine (Adenocard) D. Ibutilide (Corvert) The first drug for a wide QRS complex tachycardia is amiodarone. If the rhythm does not respond to amiodarone, synchronized cardioversion is indicated. Verapamil and adenosine typically are used for narrow QRS complex tachycardia. Eliminate options b and c. Ibutilide is used for acute-onset atrial fibrillation. This rhythm is regular, so eliminate option d and choose option a. An S4 is noted during cardiac auscultation. This sound indicates: A. atrial contraction and propulsion of blood into a noncompliant ventricle. B. inflammation of the pericardium. C. opening of a defective semilunar valve. D. rapid ventricular filling into an already distended ventricle. An S4 occurs during the end of diastole when the atria contract but the ventricle is noncompliant. An S4 occurs in myocardial ischemia, infarction, and hypertrophy. Most patients with an acute myocardial infarction have an S4 for the first 48 hours. Which of the following may be useful in systolic dysfunction but may be detrimental in diastolic dysfunction? A. β-blockers B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors C. Aldosterone antagonists D. Vasodilators Vasodilators are used for preload and afterload reduction in systolic dysfunction but may detrimentally decrease diastolic filling in diastolic dysfunction. A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates: A. Metabolic acidosis. B. Metabolic alkalosis. C. Respiratory acidosis. D. Respiratory alkalosis. Left bundle branch... Is what actually depolarizes the intraventricular septum In lead II, depolarization of the septum ( LBB) is what part of the ekg? The negative deflection known as the Q wave! The Q wave is indicative of intraventricular Septal depolarization The R the wave is indicative of Ventricular depolarization SaO2 95-100% percent of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen. Adult Acls Dopamine infusion dose 2-10 mcg/ kg / min Adult ACLS Epi infusion dose 2-10 mcg/kg/min Adult ACLS Bradycardia Atropine dose 1st dose: 0.5 mg bolus Repeat q 3-5 minutes Max dose 3mg Adult ACLS Cardiac Arrest Amio dose: 1st: 300mg bolus 2nd: 150mg Adult ACLS how many compressions? At least 100 compressions a minute Vasopressin push dose & infusion dose 1 dose of 40 units 0.02-0.04 units per minute Thrombocytopenia Platelet count of less than < 150,000 Ul Trauma triad of death -Hypothermia: warm room, warm blanket, warmed fluid -Coagulapathy -Metabolic acidosis DIC Coag Lab values D-Dimer 1-5 mcg/ml Fibrinogen < 100 mg/dL (Normal 200-400 mg/dL) Normal PR interval 0.12-0.20 seconds [Show Less]