Normal values can range from 0.4 - 4.0 mIU/L (milli-international units per liter),
Calcium, Ca++ Answer- 8.8-10.5
<7.0, tetany
>11.0,
... [Show More] hyperparathyroidism
>13.5, hypercalcemic coma, metastatic cancer
Sodium, Na+ Answer- 135-148 mEq/L
hypernatremia Answer- dehydration
hypovolemia
diabetes insipidus
eating too much salt
gastroenteritis
drugs such as adrenocorticosteroids, methyldopa, hydrazine, cough meds
hyponatremia Answer- drugs such as lithium, vasopressin, diuretics
addisons
renal disorder
gi fluid loss
Magnesium, Mg Answer- 1.3 - 2.1 mEq/L
lithium can increase
hypomagnesemia Answer- depression, confusion, irritability,nystagmus, tetany,
convulsions, ataxia, increased reflexes, muscle weakness
hypermagnesemia Answer- N/V, respiratory depression, hypotension, depressed
skeletal muscle contraction and nerve function, bradycardia
Potassium, K+ Answer- 3.5-5.1 mEq/L
hyperkalemia Answer- chronic marijuana use can elevate potassium
Chloride, Cl Answer- 98 - 106
passive transport through sodium
major anion in the extracellular fluid
Liver - ALT Answer- 5 - 35 U/L - depakote can increase, safe to use up to 2 times
normal limit
Liver - AST Answer- 5 - 40 U/L
slight elevation can occur in DT's
depakote can increase, safe to use up to 2 times normal limit
Liver - GGT Answer- 10 - 38 IU/L
Thrombocytopenia Answer- Platelet count normal = 150,000-450,000
if below - bone marrow doesn't make enough platelets.
or bone marrow makes enough platelets, but the body destroys them or uses them up.
or - The spleen holds on to too many platelets. The spleen is an organ that normally
stores about one-third of the body's platelets. It also helps your body fight infection and
remove unwanted cell material.
can be caused by Valproate
Neutropenia Answer- A normal ANC is above 1,500 cells per microliter. An ANC less
than 500 cells/µL is defined as neutropenia and significantly increases the risk of
infection. Neutropenia is the condition of a low ANC,
Clozapine - WBC => 3500 to initiate therapy, ANC MUST BE =>2000/mm, ck wbc/anc
weekly x 6 months, then Q other week for 6 months; if stable then Q 4 weeks. after
therapy test for at least 4 weeks,
LIVER PANEL Answer- ALP, AST, ASP, BILIRUBIN, ALBUMIN, TTL PROTEIN, CBC
with WBC DIFFERENTIAL, PLATELET COUNT. FOR VALPROATE THERAPY - CK
BASELINE AND MONTHLY FOR SEVERAL MONTHS
CREATININE Answer- 0.5-1.2 normal, kidney damage if elevated , athletes may be
higher [Show Less]