NR-583 RESPIRATORY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023-2024 GRADE A+
You are caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate
... [Show More] antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Your patient’s plan of care includes assessment of specific gravity every 4 hours. The
1. results of this test will allow the nurse to assess what aspect of the patient’s health?
D) Fluid volume status
You are caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury. When you review your patient’s most recent laboratory reports, you note that the patient’s magnesium levels are high. You should
2. prioritize assessment for which of the following health problems?
A) Diminished deep tendon reflexes
You are working on a burns unit and one of your acutely ill patients is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. Based on this change in status, you should expect the patient to exhibit signs and symptoms
3. of what imbalance?
D) Hypovolemia
A patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder presents to the emergency room. The triage nurse notes upon assessment that the patient is hyperventilating. The triage nurse is aware that
4. hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid–base imbalance?
B) Respiratory alkalosis
You are an emergency-room nurse caring for a trauma patient. Your patient has the following arterial blood
5. gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would you interpret these results?
D) Metabolic acidosis with a compensatory respiratory alkalosis
You are making initial shift assessments on your patients. While assessing one patient’s peripheral IV site, you note edema around the insertion site. How should you document this complication related to IV
6. therapy?
C) Infiltration
You are performing an admission assessment on an older adult patient newly admitted for end-stage liver
7. disease. What principle should guide your assessment of the patient’s skin turgor?
C) Inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging.
The physician has ordered a peripheral IV to be inserted before the patient goes for computed tomography.
8. What should the nurse do when selecting a site on the hand or arm for insertion of an IV catheter?
B) Consider potential effects on the patient’s mobility when selecting a site.
A nurse in the neurologic ICU has orders to infuse a hypertonic solution into a patient with increased intracranial pressure. This solution will increase the number of dissolved particles in the patient’s blood, creating pressure for fluids in the tissues to shift into the capillaries and increase the blood volume. This
9. process is best described as which of the following?
B) Osmosis and osmolality
You are the surgical nurse caring for a 65-year-old female patient who is postoperative day 1 following a thyroidectomy. During your shift assessment, the patient complains of tingling in her lips and fingers. She tells you that she has an intermittent spasm in her wrist and hand and she exhibits increased muscle tone.
10. What electrolyte imbalance should you first suspect?
B) Hypocalcemia
A nurse is planning care for a nephrology patient with a new nursing graduate. The nurse states, “A patient in renal failure partially loses the ability to regulate changes in pH.” What is the cause of this partial
11. inability?
C) The kidneys regenerate and reabsorb bicarbonate to maintain a stable pH.
12. You are caring for a 65-year-old male patient admitted to your medical unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis. A nasogastric tube placed upon admission has been on low intermittent suction ever since. Upon review of the morning’s blood work, you notice that the patient’s potassium is below reference range. You
C) Metabolic alkalosis
The nurse is preparing to insert a peripheral IV catheter into a patient who will require fluids and IV
13. antibiotics. How should the nurse always start the process of insertion?
C) Ask the patient about allergies to latex or iodine.
A patient who is being treated for pneumonia starts complaining of sudden shortness of breath. An arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn. The ABG has the following values: pH 7.21, PaCO2 64 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24
14. mm Hg. What does the ABG reflect?
A) Respiratory acidosis
One day after a patient is admitted to the medical unit, you note that the patient is oliguric. You notify the acute-care nurse practitioner who orders a fluid challenge of 200 mL of normal saline solution over 15
15. minutes. This intervention will achieve which of the following?
C) Help distinguish reduced renal blood flow from decreased renal function
The community health nurse is performing a home visit to an 84-year-old woman recovering from hip surgery. The nurse notes that the woman seems uncharacteristically confused and has dry mucous membranes. When asked about her fluid intake, the patient states, “I stop drinking water early in the day because it is just too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom.” What would be the nurse’s
16. best response?
“Limiting your fluids can create imbalances in your body that can result in confusion. Maybe we
B) need to adjust the timing of your fluids.”
A 73-year-old man comes into the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after slipping on a small carpet in his home. The patient fell on his hip with a resultant fracture. He is alert and oriented; his pupils are equal and reactive to light and accommodation. His heart rate is elevated, he is anxious and thirsty, a Foley catheter is placed, and 40 mL of urine is present. What is the nurse’s most likely explanation for the
17. low urine output? [Show Less]