(answered) WGU D236 pathophysiology Correct 100% Latest 2023
anabolism - Correct Answersmaking substances
catabolism - Correct Answersbreak,down
... [Show More] of substances into energy
tissues that most often develop tumors - Correct Answersepithelial and connective tissue
benign epithelial tumor - Correct Answerspapilloma, eg wart
benign adipose tumor - Correct AnswersLipoma
benign mesenchymal tumor - Correct Answersmyoma
benign cartilaginous tumor - Correct Answerschondroma
sarcoma - Correct Answersfrom connective tissue, can arise anywhere
early signs of lymphoma - Correct Answersnight sweats, fevers
radiation therapy - Correct Answersseeds are implanted into a malignant prostate and then irradiated.
goal of radiation therapy - Correct Answersreduction of damage to healthy tissue
vesicle - Correct Answersskin lesion: small fluid filled elevation of the skin. Eg blister
pustule - Correct Answersskin lesion: elevation of skin containing white blood cells and cell debris
macule - Correct Answersskin lesion: spot, but not raised or depressed. eg freckle
papule - Correct Answersskin lesion: firm raised area of skin. Eg pimple
excoriation - Correct Answersscratch into the skin
laceration - Correct Answersskin trauma: rough, jagged wounds caused by skin tearing
fissure - Correct Answersskin trauma: crack in the skin
ulcer - Correct Answersskin trauma: sore with disintegration and death of affected tissue
superficial burn - Correct Answersskin trauma: involves only epidermis
superficial partial thickness burn - Correct Answersskin trauma: appears with blisters and pain at the burn site
shingles - Correct Answerspainful vesicular lesions: varicella.
treatment of shingles - Correct Answersantiviral medications and cortiosteroids to decrease pain
varicella - Correct Answerspainful vesicular skin lesions associated to shingles
signs of allergical skin reactions - Correct Answerspruritus, articarial
pruritus - Correct Answersitch
urticarial - Correct Answershives: skin rash, pale red , raised, itchy bumps
autoimmune diseases involving skin - Correct Answerspemphigus, scleroderma, lupus erythermatosus
pemphigus - Correct Answers- autoimmune disease
- involves skin and mucous membranes
- autoantibodies form against desmoglein
- desmogelin forms desmosomes, glueing skin cells together
scleroderma - Correct Answers- chronic systemic autoimmune disease
- involves skin
- in more severe form affects internal organs
- skin hardening, cause connected to HLA, but unknown
- no general treatment
Lupus erythematosus - Correct Answers- autoimmune disease
- involves skin
- collection of several autoimmune diseases
- SLE most common and severe form
damage to semicircular canals in ear - Correct Answersdisturb equilibrium
presbycusis - Correct Answersage related hearing loss
presbycusis workaround - Correct Answersspeaking in clear low-pitched voice
treatments of joint disorders - Correct Answers- arthrocentesis
- laprascopic repairs
- fixation of screws
arthrocentesis - Correct Answerscollection of synovial fluid for diagnosis
laprascopy - Correct Answersminimally invasive surgery, small cuts, optic instrument is going from easily accessible cut site to site of surgery
gout - Correct Answerstype of arthritis: high levels of uric acid form crystals accumulating in joints
-> pain, inflammation
septic arthritis - Correct Answerstype of arthritis: invading organisms carried to the joint, can be the result of an invasive procedure
osteoarthritis - Correct Answerstype of arthritis:
- breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone
- most often in weight-bearing joints, fingers
- by repeated trauma, low level inflammation, aging
- treatment: exercise, les stress to joints, pain medication
rheumatoid arthritis - Correct Answerstype of arthritis:
- inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid
- joints stiffen
- severe pain
- low red blood cell count
- inflammation around heart and lungs
- cause unknown
- treatment over reduction of inflammation
myasthenia gravis - Correct Answerschronic muscular fatigue
- defect of the neuromuscular junction
gastroesophageal reflux disease - Correct Answers- mucosal damage caused by acid coming up from the stomach
- abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
- antiacid medications
- medications that decrease production of HCl in stomach
chronic pancreatitis - Correct Answers- severe pain
- elevated amylase in blood test
- impact on digestion
- enzyme imbalances
- long standing inflammation of pancreas
- changes organs function and structure
- linked with cystic fibrosis
- starts with reversible changes that then become irreversible
- problems with processing of fatty and high protein food
- partially hereditary
viral hepatitis - Correct Answers- liver inflammation due to viral infection
- acute or chronic
- by Hepatitis A-E virus
- or others as Eppstein-Barr, Yellow fever, Herpes
- identification by testing blood serology
chronic hepatitis - Correct Answers- changes in bowel function: problems with fatty and high protein food
possibility of antibody-antigen reaction if - Correct AnswersRh negative patient has second exposure to RH positive blood
hemophilia - Correct Answersblood disease: problems with blood clotting
leukemia - Correct Answersblood disease: neoplastic, large increase in white blood cells
neoplasm - Correct Answersabnormal growth of tissue
thalassemia - Correct Answersblood disease: groups of diseases, all related to impaired hemoglobin synthesis
aplastic anemia - Correct Answersblood disease: bone marrow failure, decreased red blood cell production
-bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cells are damage
-> reduction of all three blodd cell types: red, white, platelets
- dignosis by bone marrow biopsy: usually 30-70% stem cells, but with disease mostly replaced by fat
vitamin required for blood clotting - Correct AnswersVitamin K
recommendations for hypertension - Correct Answers- diet modifications
- prescribed diuretics
- exercise [Show Less]