SOS NERC Prep - Reliability Exam (Fall 2023) A step-down transformer has a 2 to 1 turn ratio. If the power flowing into the high side of the transformer i... [Show More] s 140 MWs, what is the power flowing out? A) 150 MWs B) 140 MWs C) 280 MWs D) 70 MWs Voltage of a 345 kV transmission line is at 90% of normal. If you energize a capacitor rated at 100 MVar, what will be the actual MVars gained? A) 50 MVars B) 81 MVars C) 90 MVars D) 30 MVars If generators are supplying reactive power to the system, the generators are considered ______________. A) unity. B) underexcited. C) overexcited. D) synchronous. As a Generator Operator, you realize that your generator voltage is swinging wildly. You place your generator voltage regulator on manual and adjust the voltage and reactive levels on the generator. Who do you contact and inform about the status of your generator voltage regulator? A) The Balancing Authority. B) The Reliability Coordinator. C) The Generator Operator. D) The Transmission Operator for the area the generator is located. To be effective, reactive resources should be: A) Centrally located in the system. B) Distributed throughout the system. C) In areas subject to high voltage. D) Located close to generation. A tie line between Transmission Operator A and Transmission Operator B trips causing a thermal overload on an adjacent transmission line. Which entity takes corrective action? A) Transmission Area B B) Transmission Area A C) Transmission Operator A and B must coordinate D) The Reliability Coordinator will take charge. The Reliability Coordinator shall prevent instability, uncontrolled separation, or cascading outages that adversely impact the reliability of the Interconnection by ensuring prompt action to prevent or mitigate instances of exceeding ____________? A) System Load demand predictions B) Interconnection Reliability Operating Limits (IROL) C) 30 minute violations D) Performance Standards A real-time contingency analysis shows a high voltage transmission transformer overloading to its load-shed or 1 hour rating if a parallel line trips. The area is going through its peak demand and load demand is expected to reduce in less than an hour. What action should the Reliability Coordinator coordinate? A) Reduce real-time loading on the line to be able to withstand the loss of the parallel line as soon as possible but no longer than 30 minutes B) Reduce customer demand at peak to be able to withstand the loss of the parallel line immediately C) Direct firm load shed immediately to reduce line loading D) Ride it out through the Peak and hope the line doesn't trip A transmission line has a System Operating Limit (SOL) of 650 MWs. A firm transaction is scheduled to start at the top of the hour that will result the line being loaded to 665 MWs. There are currently non-firm transactions in place that have Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) of 0.2 on the overloaded line. How much of the non-firm will have to be cut to prevent exceeding the SOL? A) 15 MWs B) None. The firm transaction will not flow since the non-firm transactions were in place first. C) 75 MWs D) 30 MWs If analysis tools are unavailable due to planned maintenance activities, it shall be the responsibility of the Reliability Coordinator to have procedures in place to __________________. A) Notify neighboring RC's B) mitigate the effects of analysis tools outages C) notify neighboring Transmission Operators D) meet the reliability needs of the interconnection Entities that have a reliability relationship with a Reliability Coordinator are required to provide the data it needs to monitor and assess the operations of its _______________________. A) Reliability Coordinator Area B) Bulk Electric System C) Area Control Error D) entire Transmission and Distribution system A real-time contingency analysis shows that a radial transmission line will overload for the loss of the other line. What is the best course of action for the Reliability Coordinator? A) Skip this real-time contingency result B) Discuss with Transmission Operator and be prepared to direct load shed C) Build more generation at the load D) Discuss with Transmission Operator and direct load shed in advance of contingency The Reliability Coordinator shall coordinate _____________________________ with other Reliability Coordinators and Transmission Operators, Balancing Authorities, and Generator Operators as needed, in both the real time and next-day reliability analysis timeframes. A) pending generation and transformer outages B) pending generation and transmission maintenance outages C) pending and actual forced outages D) all forced outages Balancing Authority A is importing 400 MWs of power from Balancing Authority B due to generation outages in BA A's area. This is causing the transmission path between the two BAs to approach its SOL. What should the system operators do? A) Balancing Authority B should monitor the path. B) Balancing Authority A should purchase from someone else. C) The BAs and the Reliability Coordinator should discuss and solve the potential SOL. D) The BAs should both act according to their best interest. Operational Planning Analysis is a Reliability Analysis studies conducted by Reliability Coordinators for the purpose to assess whether the planned operations for the next day within its Wide Area, will exceed A) any of its Interconnection Reliability Operating Limits B) Cost/profitability of maintaining economic dispatch C) Operating limitations of generating facilities D) Available Transfer Capability The ________________ must have the authority, plan, and agreements in place to immediately direct reliability entities within their _________________ Areas to re-dispatch generation, reconfigure transmission or reduce load to mitigate critical conditions and return the system to a reliable state. A) Reliability Coordinator; Reliability Coordinator B) Balancing Authority; Balancing C) Transmission Operator; Transmission D) Operations; Planning When a Reliability Coordinator is performing the next-day analysis for its Reliability Coordination Area, what information is required for the system study? A) Area Interchange Error (AIE) documents, area inadvertent accumulations, weather forecast and geomagnetic forecasts.
B) Interchange transactions, area inadvertent accumulations, staffing summaries, and load. C) Critical facility status, load, generation, operation reserve projections, and known interchange transactions. D) Load, generation, Area Interchange Error (AIE) documents, operations reserve projections, and staffing summaries. A Balancing Authority was only 95% compliant with the DCS criteria for the first quarter of the year. What action must the Balancing Authority take? A) Must carry additional regulating reserve for 3 months starting April 1. B) Must carry additional regulating reserve for 3 months starting May 1. C) Must carry additional contingency reserve for 3 months starting May 1. D) Must carry additional contingency reserve for 3 months starting April 1. Sufficient Operating Reserve is defined as the capacity required to meet what? A) DOE specifications B) CPS and DCS C) Capacity Standard D) CPS 1 & 2 only If a Balancing Authority has an ACE of -175 MW and Frequency is 59.85 Hz. Which real-time Control Performance Standard maybe outside of its low limit? A) AGC B) BAAL C) DCS D) CPS1 EMS and AGC have failed at 12:25 and generation must be controlled manually. At the top of the hour, load is expected to increase 100 MWs, imports will increase by 75 MWs. ACE is reading 25 MWs. What should the operator do now after verifying the ACE value? [Show Less]
