Angle brackets
In HTML, the characters < and > are known as angle brackets.
HTML element (or simply, element)
HTML code that lives inside of angle... [Show More] brackets.
Opening tag
the first, or opening, HTML tag used to start an HTML element
Closing tag
the second, or closing, HTML tag used to end an HTML element. Closing tags have a forward slash (/) inside of them
the element will contain information about the page that isn't displayed directly on the actual web page
1. Code for visible HTML content will be placed inside of the element.
1. The element will contain all of your HTML code.
1. The declaration should always be the first line of code in your HTML files.
This gives your document/website/tab a title
How to end an operative in HTML
Mirror the operative but but a /inside the brackets. <body></body>
What is the code for making just a link?
<a href="https://www.wikipedia.org/">This Is A Link To Wikipedia</a>
what is the code for making just an image?
<img src="https://www.example.com/picture.jpg" />
What is the code for a break in text?
<br />
What code is there for headings?
<h1> through <h6>. H1 is the largest
What is the code for a paragraph?
<p></p>
How do you make a bulleted list in HTML?
<ul>
<li>Limes</li>
<li>Tortillas</li>
<li>Chicken</li>
</ul>
How do you make a numbered list in HTML?
<ol>
<li>Preheat the oven to 350 degrees.</li>
<li>Mix whole wheat flour, baking soda, and salt </li>
<li>Cream the butter, sugar in separate bowl.</li>
<li>Add eggs and vanilla extract to bowl.</li>
</ol>
How do you create alternate text for accessibility to images?
<img src="website" alt="A field of yellow sunflowers" />
What is the preferred indentation according to W3C?
2 spaces<span class="read-less" id="less478143"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="less-dlink" data-id="478143"> [Show Less]</a></span></span> </p>
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Internet
a world-wide collection of interconnected computers and computer networks
network
two or more computers that are connected together to sh<span class="read-more" id="read478146">... <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="more-dlink" data-id="478146"> [Show More]</a></span> <span class="details desc-det" style="display: none;" id="data478146">are resources and information
Internet backbone
collection of high-speed data lines that connect major computer systems around the world
ISP
a company that has a permanent connection to the Internet backbone
World Wide Web (Web)
the part of the Internet that supports multimedia and consists of a collection of linked documents
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
a set of rules for exchanging text, graphics, sound, video and other multimedia files
Web site
a related collection of Web pages that is created and maintained by an individual, company, educational institution or other organization
home page
the first document a user sees when accessing the Web site
Web server (host)
a computer that stores and sends requested Web pages and other files
publishing
copying the Web pages and associated files to a Web server
Internet site (Web site)
a site generally available to the public
intranet
a private network that uses Internet technologies to share company information among employees
extranet
a private network that uses Internet technologies to share business information with select corporate partners or key customers
electronic commerce (e-commerce)
the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet
Web browser (browser)
a program that interprets and displays Web pages
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
URL function
the address of a document or file accessible on the Internet
hyperlink
an element used to connect one Web page to another Web page
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
HTML function
an authoring language used to create documents for the World Wide Web
tags or markup
define the structure and layout of a Web document and specify how the page is displayed in a browser
attributes
define additional characteristics such as font weight or style for an HTML tag
platform independent
able to function across multiple platforms
deprecated
no longer recommended in the latest W3C standard
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets
CSS function
allow you to specify styles for various Web elements
style
a rule that defines the appearance of a Web page element
style sheet
a collection of rules that defines the style for a Web page or an entire Web site
DOM
Document Object Model
DOM function
manipulates the underlying structure of a document to create interactive, animated Web pages via HTML, CSS and a scripting language such as JavaScript
XHTML
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
XHTML function
a reformulation of HTML formatting to conform to XML structure and content rules
text editor
a program that allows a user to enter, change, save and print text such as HTML
HTML text editor
provides basic text editing features as well as more advanced features such as HTML tag color-coding, menus and spell checkers
WYSIWYG editor
What You See Is What You Get editor
WYSIWYG function
a program that provides a graphical user interface that allows a developer to preview the Web page during its development
Web development life cycle
a process that can be used for developing Web pages at any level of complexity<span class="read-less" id="less478146"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="less-dlink" data-id="478146"> [Show Less]</a></span></span> </p>
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Why is web or browser programming broken up into three parts?
to be resilient to changes in technology
Which is the most powerful and fragile of th<span class="read-more" id="read478152">... <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="more-dlink" data-id="478152"> [Show More]</a></span> <span class="details desc-det" style="display: none;" id="data478152">e browser programming languages?
Javascript
What happens when HTML is broken because of a bug in the code?
The browser guesses what you meant, and does its best to fix the bug itself.
Which two elements are used to mark-up subscript and superscript text?
<sub> and <sup>
to show date and time
<time datetime="2025-10-08">October 8, 2025</time>
Which tag preserves the spaces, tabs, and line breaks within a piece of text so a poem or piece of code can be presented faithfully?
<pre>
Which elements are used to mark-up code on screen?
<pre> and <code>
Which type of element is typically a block?
<p>
What's a true statement about the difference between the <blockquote> element and the <q> element?
<blockquote> is a block-level element, while the <q> element is inline, nested inside another block-level element.
In the tag below, what do we call "datetime"?
<time datetime="2024-03-07"> March, 7, 2024</time>
an attribute
Which is a true statement about HTML lists?
Lists can be used to mark up navigation.
When we want to convey importance, seriousness, or urgency, which element do we use?
<strong>
Which elements are used to convey meaning, instead of just typesetting convention?
<em> and <strong>
Which of these attributes is NOT a global attribute?
datetime
When should we use an ARIA attribute?
any time the existing markup makes things confusing in the accessibility tree
What sort of efforts require the use and understanding of ARIA attributes?
those involving accessibility issues
Which syntax can we use to add comments to our HTML?
<!-- comment -->
Which code would you use to guarantee that the words "Hocus Pocus" are not split by a line break after "Hocus"?
Hocus Pocus
what is
any time you want characters to appear as simple text instead of being parsed as code
How does the id attribute differ from the class attribute?
An id attribute name may only be used once in a document.
Which HTML elements are commonly used in marking up navigation?
<nav>, <ul>, <li>, <a>
When might we use a relative URL instead of an absolute URL?
when a website might be moved from a staging server to a production server
If you want to create a compact image that can display in large sizes without pixelation, which should you choose?
SVG
If you want to keep a caption with an image, which combination of elements lets you identify them as connected?
Surround the image with a figure element, and use the figcaption element inside of figure.
What is the most effective way to use bandwidth efficiently when sending images?
Create a set of options the browser can choose from using the srcset attribute.
What do you need to change to move from a resolution-based srcset to a width-based srcset?
Provide pixel measurements (w) instead of 1x, 2x, etc.
What are the four attributes we want to include on every img element?
src, alt, height, width
Why should you spend effort optimizing image sources and corresponding display attributes?
to have the best compromise between image quality and download speed
Why should you include the height and width specifications for all images?
to make the page layout more efficient
Which format is best suited to handle complex drawings and logos?
SVG
Why would you want to use the w specification in srcset instead of the x specification?
to consider both display density and window width when choosing the image source
How do you create a video element that specifies different resolutions of video that browsers can choose from when loading the video?
You can't do this. Instead, the browser adapts to circumstances as needed.
What should you do to create an audio player with controls?
Use the audio element with the controls attribute set to yes.
How can you mark a quotation as being in a different language from its surrounding text?
Create a <blockquote> element with a lang attribute indicating the language for its contents.
What is the difference between the usage of <div> and <span>?
<div> is used for blocks, and <span> is used for a part of a line.
Why do you need to specify the desired language for HTML content?
so correct dictionaries and pronunciations are used<span class="read-less" id="less478152"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="less-dlink" data-id="478152"> [Show Less]</a></span></span> </p>
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The following tags can be added to the head section:
<title>, <style>, <meta>, <link>, <script>, <noscript>, and <base>.
Metadata is
data (informa<span class="read-more" id="read478636">... <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="more-dlink" data-id="478636"> [Show More]</a></span> <span class="details desc-det" style="display: none;" id="data478636">tion) about data
<meta> tags always go inside the ........ element
<head>
<head>
Defines information about the document
<title>
Defines the title of a document
<base>
Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page
<link>
Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource
<meta>
Defines metadata about an HTML document
<script>
Defines a client-side script
<style>
Defines style information for a document
<body>
The portion of a document that Web users will see is contained between the ____ tags.
<h1>
Largest heading tag name
<p>
paragraph
<em>
emphasis tag
<strong>
Defines strong text
<blockquote>
Defines a long quotation
<blockquote cite="http://example.com/story.html">
Citation for a quote
<code>
Defines computer code text
<pre>
Defines preformatted text
<abbr>
Defines an abbreviation
<address>
Defines an address element
<wbr>
Defines a possible line-break
<ol>
Defines an ordered list
<li>
list item
<ul>
Makes unordered (or bulleted) lists.
<dl>
Defines a definition list
<dt>
Defines a definition term
<dd>
Defines a definition description
<a>
Defines an anchor
<a id="my_link" href="#some_text">My Link</a>
How to create a link
<img>
tag used to display an image
<img src="google.jpg" alt="Google Picture" title="Taken from Google">
How img is written in HTML
<table>
Defines a table
<table border="5" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5">
How table is created<span class="read-less" id="less478636"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="less-dlink" data-id="478636"> [Show Less]</a></span></span> </p>
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HTML
A markup language. It defines what will be displayed on your browser and how it will be displayed.
Dreamweaver
A software program for designi<span class="read-more" id="read478657">... <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="more-dlink" data-id="478657"> [Show More]</a></span> <span class="details desc-det" style="display: none;" id="data478657">ng web pages, essentially a more fully featured HTML web and programming editor. The program provides a what-you-see-is-what-you-get (WYSIWYG) interface for users to create and edit web pages in a more user-friendly environment.
Elements
An individual component of an HTML document or web page, once this has been parsed into the Document Object Model. HTML is composed of a tree of HTML nodes, such as text nodes. Each node can have HTML attributes specified.
Hyperlink
A reference to data that the reader can directly follow either by clicking, tapping, or hovering. It points to a whole document or to a specific element within a document.
Tags
The hidden keywords within a web page that define how your web browser must format and display the content. Most of these must have two parts, an opening and a closing part.
<p>
A tag that defines a paragraph. Browsers automatically add some space (margin) before and after each of these elements. The margins can be modified with CSS (with the margin properties).
a href
The anchor tag is how you would place a link using HTML. If the end user clicks on the text in a anchor reference, they would be directed to the place that the reference has specified.
Anchor
This tag could be either a hyperlink or an anchor. In HTML5, the <a> tag is always a hyperlink, but if it has no href attribute, it is only a placeholder for a hyperlink. HTML5 has some new attributes, and some HTML 4.01 attributes are no longer supported.
Attribute
A modifier of an HTML element type. It either modifies the default functionality of an element type or provides functionality to certain element types unable to function correctly without them.
!DOCTYPE
A "mostly useless, but required" header only to trigger "standards mode markup language (SGML)" in common browsers.
Body
A tag that defines the document's content. This element contains all the contents of an HTML document, such as text, hyperlinks, images, tables, lists, etc.
Head
This element is a container for metadata (data about data) and is placed between the <html> tag and the <body> tag.
JavaScript
A programming language used to make web pages interactive. It runs on your visitor's computer and doesn't require constant downloads from your website.
Table
Several HTML element constructs (<table>, <tr>, <th> and <td>) that allow web authors to arrange data like text, images, links, other tables that are displayed on a web page.
<th>
Table Header
<td>
Table Data
<tr>
Table Row
<!-->
An HTML Comment tag.
<head
This element provides general information (metadata) about the document, including its title and links to its scripts and style sheets. ...
<title>
This tag is required in all HTML documents and it defines the title of the document, which appears in the browser's toolbar.
<h1>
...
<img>
This tag defines an image in an HTML page. It has two required attributes: src and alt.
PNG
A raster graphics file format that supports lossless data compression. These files were created as an improved, non-patented replacement for Graphics Interchange Format (GIF), and is the most widely used lossless image compression format on the Internet.<span class="read-less" id="less478657"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="less-dlink" data-id="478657"> [Show Less]</a></span></span> </p>
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Editor
The program that allows you to edit and modify HTML code.
ex: notepad, wordpad
Syntax
Code syntax is the correct way that the code should <span class="read-more" id="read478670">... <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="more-dlink" data-id="478670"> [Show More]</a></span> <span class="details desc-det" style="display: none;" id="data478670">be written.
HTML
Short for HyperText Markup Language, the authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes.
/
A slash is used to close a HTML tage
ex:<html> </html>
<DOCTYPE>
A tag that lets a browser know what type and which version of HTML and XHTML is being used. Should be the first tag of the HTML page.
ex: <DOCTYPE html>
<html>
Second tag of the page, defines the start of the webpage
<head>
The <head> tag goes right after the <html> tag, the <head> tag works with the toolbar and will not be displayed in the browser. the <head> tag contains the <title> tag and can be used to store variables in JavaScript and PHP that will be used later in the webpage.
<title>
The <title> tag is used to define what is displayed in the tab when the webpage is opened.
ex:<title>Webpage 1
The tag opens us the body of the webpage, this is the part that the browser displays and the user can see.
The tag defines a heading. The size of the heading depends on the number that is put in to the tag. The numbers that can be put into this tag range from 1- 6, 1 being the biggest.
ex:
This is a heading
This is a heading
This is a heading
This is a heading
This is a heading
This is a heading
The
tag defines the start of a paragraph.
ex:
This is a paragraph.
HTML Formatting
HTML formatting is how the creator formats the text of the webpage. The tag for bold text is and the tag for italic is (there are more formatting tags, these are just the two most common).
ex:
This is bold.
This is in italics
The HTML tag defines a hyperlink.
A hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words, or image that you can click on to jump to another document.
When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand.
The most important attribute of the element is the href attribute, which indicates the link's destination.
By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:
An unvisited link is underlined and blue
A visited link is underlined and purple
An active link is underlined and red
ex: Go to webpage 2
CSS
CSS (Cascading Style S [Show Less]
This tag contains information about the document -
contains metadata, information, and instructions to the Web browsers & Search Engines
