Question 1
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been admitted to the critical care unit of the hospital with bacterial septicemia
that has failed to resp... [Show More] ond to initial antibiotic treatment. The patient's most recent blood
cultures reveal the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the
patient's blood. The nurse will anticipate that this patient will likely require intravenous
administration of what antibiotic?
Selected Answer: D.
Vancomycin
Correct Answer: D.
Vancomycin
Response
Feedback:
Vancomycin is used in treating bacterial septicemia, endocarditis, bone and joint
infections, and pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium difficile.
Vancomycin is exceptionally effective for treating gram-positive infections in
penicillin-allergic patients. It is also used for penicillin- and methicillin-resistant
staphylococcal infections. Doripenem (Doribax) is used for abdominal or
urinary tract infections and neither penicillin G nor cefazolin is effective in the
treatment of MRSA infections.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been prescribed daptomycin for a complicated skin infection. Which of the
following will the nurse advise the patient to report immediately?
Selected Answer: B.
Muscle pain or tingling
Correct Answer: B.
Muscle pain or tingling
Response
Feedback:
The nurse should teach the patient the importance of reporting diarrhea, muscle
pain and tingling, and fatigue immediately because these signs and symptoms
can indicate potentially severe adverse effects. Nausea and vomiting,
palpitations, and abdominal pain are all adverse effects of ciprofloxacin.
Question 3
0 out of 1 points
A patient is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. She is allergic to penicillin
NURS 6521 QUIZ WEEK 8 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS
and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in capsule form. The nurse will inform the
patient that she will need to take the capsule
Selected Answer: C.
with or without food.
Correct Answer: B.
on an empty stomach.
Response
Feedback:
Because the absorption of azithromycin capsules is decreased in the presence of
food, azithromycin capsules should be taken on an empty stomach rather than
after a meal. Unlike azithromycin capsules, azithromycin tablets have an
increased absorption when given with a meal with high fat content and may be
given with or without food.
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following is critical to helping prevent development of resistant strains of
microbes in patients?
Selected Answer: A.
Maintain the optimum duration of the antimicrobial agent
Correct Answer: A.
Maintain the optimum duration of the antimicrobial agent
Response
Feedback:
Exposure to an antimicrobial agent leads to the development of resistance, so it
is important to limit the use of these agents to the treatments of specific
pathogens known to be sensitive to the drug being used. Drug dosages are also
important in preventing the development of resistance. However, the duration of
drug use is critical to ensure that microbes are completely eliminated and not
given the chance to grow and develop resistant strains. It is hard to convince
patients that the timing of the dose and length of time they continue to take the
drug are important. Patients who stop the drug when they start to feel better
encourage the emergence of resistant strains.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is providing education to a patient who is taking INH. The nurse will advise the
patient to avoid which of the following foods?
Selected Answer: D.
Cheese, dairy products, and bananas
Correct Answer: D.
Cheese, dairy products, and bananas
Response
Feedback:
Patients who take INH should avoid eating tyramine, histamine-rich foods, and
foods containing caffeine. Also, the patient should be told to avoid consuming
alcohol on a daily basis. Cheese, dairy products, chicken liver, beer, ale,
bananas, and figs are rich in tyramine. Tuna, brine, and yeast extracts are rich in
histamine. Patients need not refrain from eating potatoes, root vegetables,
chicken, fish, or citrus fruits.
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her primary
care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted with purulent
exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How will the patient's
pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her conjunctivitis?
Selected Answer: D.
The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: D.
The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
Response
Feedback:
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in patients who are pregnant or lactating.
Alternative routes and dosages do not mitigate the risks during pregnancy.
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
A patient is taking rifampin (Rifadin) for active TB. When discussing this drug with the
patient, the nurse should stress that
Selected Answer: D.
body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum may become
discolored.
Correct Answer: D.
body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum may become
discolored.
Response
Feedback:
Rifampin can discolor body fluids red–orange. The patient should be informed
that this is an expected adverse effect and is harmless. However, wearers of soft
contact lenses should be cautioned that the lenses may be permanently
discolored and that hard contacts or regular glasses should be used during the
therapy. Although rifampin is often well tolerated, it may cause GI disturbances
such as nausea and vomiting, anorexia, flatulence, cramps, and diarrhea.
Cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and facial flushing are not typically associated
with the use of this drug.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
An immunocompromised patient in a critical care setting has developed a respiratory infection
that has been attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse
should anticipate that the patient will require treatment with
Selected Answer: D.
vancomycin.
Correct Answer: D.
vancomycin.
Response
Feedback:
Vancomycin is the drug of choice to manage infections caused by MRSA.
MRSA is resistant to all of the antistaphylococcic penicillins, as well as to
ciprofloxacin and clindamycin.
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
A 43-year-old man has been diagnosed with active TB. He is prescribed a multiple drug
therapy, including INH and rifampin. A priority assessment by the nurse will be to monitor
which combination of laboratory test results?
Selected Answer: A.
Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin
Correct Answer: A.
Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin
Response
Feedback:
The major adverse effect of INH therapy is hepatotoxicity. In hepatotoxicity the
hepatic enzyme levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase will
be elevated. Bilirubin will also be elevated, and the patient may present with
jaundice. Red and white blood counts and differential would indicate possible
hematologic effects, which could be considered adverse effects of the drug
therapy, but would not be diagnostic for hepatotoxicity. Thyroid-stimulating
hormone, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine levels would indicate a thyroid
glandular concern, not hepatotoxicity. Fasting blood sugar and 2-hour
postprandial blood sugar would be indicative of diabetes, not hepatotoxicity.
Question 10
0 out of 1 points
A nurse is caring for a patient who is on amphotericin B. On morning rounds the patient
reports weakness, numbness, and a tingling sensation in his feet. What would be a priority
action by the nurse?
Selected Answer: B.
Reduce the drug dosage
Correct Answer: C.
Keep the bed in a low position and the side rails up at all times.
Response
Feedback:
For the patient with sensory-perceptual disturbances, such as numbness and a
tingling sensation, or weakness, the nurse should make sure that the patient
understands the need to ask for assistance when getting out of bed. The patient's
bed should be kept low, and the side rails should be kept up at all times. Using
aseptic technique is essential to reduce the risk of infection, and increased fluid
intake is advised in amphotericin B therapy, but these would not help relieve the
patient's symptoms or provide a measure of patient safety.
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
A 34-year-old male has been diagnosed with TB and will be started on INH therapy. The
medication history reveals that he currently takes antacids on a regular basis. The nurse will
instruct the patient to take
Selected Answer: D.
antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking INH.
Correct Answer: D.
antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking INH.
Response
Feedback:
The patient should take antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after
taking INH. INH should not be taken with meals unless the patient has
gastrointestinal distress. It does not matter when INH or the antacid is taken
during the day as long as the time frame is appropriate.
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
A nurse is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes selective toxicity?
Selected Answer: A.
A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.
Correct Answer: A.
A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.
Response
Feedback:
An important principle of antimicrobial therapy is selective toxicity, which is
the ability to suppress or kill an infecting microbe without injury to the host.
This concept does not denote dose-dependent effects, the ability to culture a
microorganism, or the production of a drug.
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
A 9-year-old boy was bought to his primary care provider by his mother with signs and
symptoms of hookworm infection and will be sent home with a prescription for mebendazole.
When provided patient and family education, the nurse should teach the mother with which of
the following measures to avoid reinfection following treatment?
Selected
Answer:
D.
The importance of vigilant hygiene for the boy and the other members of
the family
Correct Answer: D.
The importance of vigilant hygiene for the boy and the other members of
the family
Response
Feedback:
It is important to teach patients who are being treated for helminthic infections
about hygiene (such as laundering infested bed linens and undergarments daily)
and other measures that help prevent reinfection. However, neither prescription
skin cleansers nor antibiotics are indicated. Serial stool samples do not reduce
the chance of reinfection.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
A 15-year-old patient has meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae. She is being treated
with chloramphenicol. The most important nursing action for this patient would be to monitor
Selected Answer: D.
plasma concentrations regularly.
Correct Answer: D.
plasma concentrations regularly.
Response
Feedback:
Plasma concentrations should be monitored at least weekly in patients who are
on chloramphenicol therapy. It would be important for the nurse to monitor
daily urine output with any drug therapy. An increase or decrease in output
could indicate pathology. Also, it would be important for the nurse to monitor
blood sugar levels and liver enzymes, but not because the patient is taking
chloramphenicol.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
A patient has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of peritonitis that has
necessitated treatment with gentamicin. As a result, the care team should be cautious when
concurrently administering other medications that may cause
Selected Answer: D.
ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
Correct Answer: D.
ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
Response
Feedback:
Because of the potential for nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity that is associated
with gentamicin, other medications that may lead to these same adverse effects
must be used with caution. Gentamicin does not typically affect immune
function, ICP, or hematopoiesis.
Question 16
0 out of 1 points
Sulconazole has been prescribed for a patient with tinea pedis. The nurse will instruct the
patient to use the topical agent
Selected Answer: A.
twice a day.
Correct Answer: D.
once a day.
Response
Feedback:
The nurse will advise the patient to use the medication once a day. Dosage
strength indicates a single daily dose as the therapeutic treatment.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
A 30-year-old African-American woman tested positive for TB and is prescribed isoniazid.
The nurse will plan the patient's care to include close monitoring of the drug therapy because
Selected Answer: C.
the patient is at greater risk for high serum levels of the drug.
Correct Answer: C.
the patient is at greater risk for high serum levels of the drug.
Response
Feedback:
Isoniazid is metabolized in the body through a process called acetylation, which
is faster in Eskimos, Asians, and approximately 50% of African Americans or
European Americans from North America than in Scandinavians and people of
Arab or Jewish heritage. Because the patient is an African American, she may
exhibit slow acetylation for the drug, and as a result she may be at greater risk
for serum levels and adverse effects. For this reason, the nurse would need to
closely monitor this particular patient. Patients of African-American descent do
not exhibit slow therapeutic effects of isoniazid or high rates of drug
elimination.
Question 18
0 out of 1 points
The nurse notices a cold sore on a patient's upper lip a [Show Less]
