• Question 1
A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has
1 out of 1 points
presented to her primary care provider with a 4-day ... [Show More] history of a reddened,
itchy left eye that is crusted with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects
a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How will the patient's pregnancy
affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her conjunctivitis?
Response
Feedback:
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in patients who are pregnant
or lactating. Alternative routes and dosages do not mitigate
the risks during pregnancy.
• Question 2
1 out of 1 points
A patient is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. She is
allergic to penicillin and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in
capsule form. The nurse will inform the patient that she will need to take
the capsule
Response
Feedback
:
Because the absorption of azithromycin capsules is decreased
in the presence of food, azithromycin capsules should be taken
on an empty stomach rather than after a meal. Unlike
azithromycin capsules, azithromycin tablets have an increased
absorption when given with a meal with high fat content and
may be given with or without food.
• Question 3
A nurse is instructing a colleague on how an antimicrobial produces a
1 out of 1 points
therapeutic effect. Which of the following should be included in the nurse's
teaching?
Response
Feedback
:
The action of antimicrobials is to interfere with the normal
function of the invading organism to prevent it from reproducing
and to cause cell death without affecting host cells. Penicillin
interferes with biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Because
bacteria cells have a slightly different composition than human
cells, the bacteria are destroyed without interfering with the
host. The first drugs used to treat systemic infections were
developed in the early 20th century. Fluoroquinolones act by
interfering with DNA synthesis. Sulfonamides interfere with
growth and development of bacterial cells. The term selective
toxicity refers to the ability to affect certain proteins or enzyme
systems that are used by infecting organisms but not by human
cells.
• Question 4
1 out of 1 points
Laboratory testing has confirmed that a patient has chloroquine-resistantmalaria and the patient's physician has prescribed quinine along with an
adjunctive drug. The nurse should question the physician's order if the
patient has a history of
Response
Feedback
:
Patients with cardiac arrhythmias may be at risk for developing
quinine-induced dysrhythmias and patients treated with quinine
have shown prolonged Q-T intervals. Low bone density,
diabetes, and COPD are not health problems that preclude the
use of quinine in the treatment of chloroquine-resistant malaria.
• Question 5
A patient with AIDS has developed a number of secondary infections in
1 out of 1 points
recent weeks, including Kaposi's sarcoma. As a result of this most recent
diagnosis, his care team has opted to begin treatment with interferon alfa-
2a. The nurse is aware that this drug will address the etiology of Kaposi
sarcoma by
Response
Feedback
:
Like other cytokines, interferon alfa-2a inhibits the growth of
tumor cells, prevents these cells from multiplying, and
modulates the host immune response to help protect the body
from tumor cells. This drug does not increase B-cell and T-cell
production, induce mutations, or increase the effects of
phagocytes and macrophages.
• Question 6
1 out of 1 points
A patient is prescribed ganciclovir to treat a CMV infection. An oral dosage
is prescribed. To help increase bioavailability of the drug, the nurse will
encourage the patient to take the medication
Response
Feedback:
After oral administration, ganciclovir is absorbed poorly from
the GI tract. Bioavailability is increased when the medication is
administered with a high-fat meal. High-protein meals, orange
juice, and an empty stomach will not help increase
bioavailability of this drug.
• Question 7
A child is taking permethrin for head lice. The nurse will instruct her
mother to
1 out of 1 points
Response
Feedback:
Using creams, ointments, or oils may diminish the therapeutic
effect of permethrin. Increasing daily milk intake would not
enhance the effects of the drug. The patient does not have to
wash her hair every day.
• Question 8
1 out of 1 points
A 15-year-old patient has meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae.She is being treated with chloramphenicol. The most important nursing
action for this patient would be to monitor
Response
Feedback
:
Plasma concentrations should be monitored at least weekly in
patients who are on chloramphenicol therapy. It would be
important for the nurse to monitor daily urine output with any
drug therapy. An increase or decrease in output could indicate
pathology. Also, it would be important for the nurse to monitor
blood sugar levels and liver enzymes, but not because the
patient is taking chloramphenicol.
• Question 9
A 15-year-old boy is being carefully monitored for a skin infection and is
being given ciprofloxacin. The nurse will observe for which of the
following?
1 out of 1 points
Response
Feedback
:
A serious adverse reaction of ciprofloxacin is arthropathy, or
joint pain, especially in children. This irreversible adverse
reaction tends to occur in children under 18 years of age. Colitis
is another adverse reaction of ciprofloxacin that the nurse
needs to monitor for, but it generally does not affect children
under 18 years of age. Hepatitis and hypotension are not
identified adverse effects of ciprofloxacin in children or adults.
• Question 10
1 out of 1 points
A 46-year-old man is receiving a quinupristin/dalfopristin IV infusion for a
life-threatening infection. Which of the following would be most important
for the nurse to monitor?
Response
Feedback
:
During quinupristin/dalfopristin infusion, the nurse should
monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration, edema, or phlebitis.
The nurse should also question the patient about pain at the
injection site. Quinupristin/dalfopristin is not known to affect
heart rate or cause breathlessness. Nausea and vomiting have
not been identified as common adverse effects of
quinupristin/dalfopristin infusion. [Show Less]
