NR511/ NR 511 Final Exam (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care Review | Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct | A Grade– C... [Show More] hamberlain
QUESTION
Folic Acid and B12 Anemia
Answer:
macrocytic normochromic anemias in which the cell size is large and irregular
QUESTION
Glucose- 6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Answer:
•X-linked recessive disorder commonly seen in African American males. It is an enzyme defect that causes episodic hemolytic anemia because of the decreased ability of red blood cells to deal with oxidative stress.
QUESTION
Sickle Cell Anemia Warning/Education
Answer:
Abdominal pain, pallor, and tachycardia are all manifestations of splenic sequestration. Early recognition of splenic sequestration can be a lifesaving skill. Parents can be taught to recognize signs of increasing anemia and enlarging spleen. Part of the educational plan for parents is teaching them how to recognize increasing abdominal girth or abdominal pain, as well as how to palpate the spleen. The gold standard for definitive diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is a hemoglobin electrophoresis, a test that determines the presence of hemoglobin S.
QUESTION
Anemia of chronic disease
Answer:
ACD presents with a low serum iron level, along with a low TIBC. The serum transferrin level is either normal or increased in patients with ACD. Finally, the clinician should expect the transferrin saturation to be low, as it is in iron-deficiency anemia
QUESTION
Iron Deficiency Anemia Risk Factors
Answer:
•those older than 60, those who live in poverty, and those with a recent illness, such as ulcer, diverticulitis, colitis, hemorrhoids, and gastrointestinal tumors. Iron supplements should be taken on an empty stomach
QUESTION
Iron Deficiency Anemia S/S
Answer:
•pale conjunctivae and nail beds, tachycardia, heart murmur, cheilosis (reddened lips with fissures at the angles), stomatitis, splenomegaly, koilonychia (thin and concave fingernails with raised edges), and glossitis. Signs may also include esophageal webs (Plummer-Vinson syndrome), melena, and menorrhagia.
QUESTION
Iron Deficiency Anemia Testing
Answer:
•A serum measurement of ferritin, the body's iron-storing protein, can tell exactly how much iron is on hand in the body. It is the best way to spot an iron deficiency early, before it progresses to full-blown anemia. If the ferritin level is borderline, a dietary and supplemental regimen of iron will rebuild the iron stores.
•Tests for fecal occult blood should be done on all clients suspected of having iron deficiency anemia. In the early stages of iron deficiency anemia, both hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are normal to slightly reduced. It is necessary to determine whether the iron deficiency is related solely to inadequate dietary intake or to decreased absorption or chronic blood loss.
QUESTION
Reticulocyte count
Answer:
•The reticulocyte count indicates the percentage of newly maturing red blood cells (RBCs) released into the circulating blood from the bone marrow. As an RBC matures, it loses its endothelial reticulum. The reticulocyte count is elevated in cases of blood loss as the body tries to replace the loss; it might also be elevated during treatment of anemias (eg, iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12) and bone marrow disorders, when immature RBCs are displaced by other proliferating cells.
QUESTION
MCV
Answer:
Average size of RBC (Normal 76-96)
Macrocytic > 100 (b12 and folate deficency) and liver disease
Microcytic <80 (serum Fe, TIBC level, and ferritin)
QUESTION
Megaloblastic Anemia Pernicious Anemia
Answer:
B12 deficiency most common cause
macrocytic and normochromic [Show Less]