HESI RN Pharmacology 2023/2024 V2 Exam & Study Guide 100% Correct (NEW) Verified A+ Graded.
1. A home care nurse is instructing a client with hyperemesi... [Show More] s gravidarum about measures to
ease the nausea and vomiting. The nurse tells the client to:
A. Eat foods high in calories and fat
B. Lie down for at least 20 minutes after meals
C. Eat carbohydrates such as cereals, rice, and pasta Correct
D. Consume primarily soups and liquids at mealtimes
A nurse is caring for a client with preeclampsia who is receiving a magnesium sulfate infusion to
prevent eclampsia. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective?
E. Clonus is present. Incorrect
F. Magnesium level is 10 mg/dL.
G. Deep tendon reflexes are absent.
H. The client experiences diuresis within 24 to 48 hours.Correct
A client with preeclampsia who is receiving magnesium sulfate in an intravenous infusion exhibits
signs of magnesium toxicity. The nurse immediately prepares for the administration of:
I. Vitamin K
J. Protamine sulfate Incorrect
K. Calcium gluconate Correct
L. Naloxone hydrochloride
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is the antidote to magnesium sulfate because it antagonizes the
effects of magnesium at the neuromuscular junction. It should be readily available whenever
magnesium is administered. Vitamin K is the antidote in cases of hemorrhage induced by the
administration of oral anticoagulants such as warfarin sodium (Coumadin). Protamine sulfate is the
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is effective in preventing seizures (eclampsia) if diuresis occurs within
24 to 48 hours of the start of the infusion. As part of the therapeutic response, renal perfusion is
increased and the client is free of visual disturbances, headache, epigastric pain, clonus (the rapid
rhythmic jerking motion of the foot that occurs when the client’s lower leg is supported and the foot is
sharply dorsiflexed), and seizure activity. Hyperreflexia indicates cerebral irritability. Clonus is
normally not present. The therapeutic magnesium level is 4 to 8 mg/dL. Reflexes range from 1+ to
2+ but should not be absent.
Rationale: Low-fat foods and easily digested carbohydrates such as fruit, breads, cereals, rice, and
pasta provide important nutrients and help prevent a low blood glucose level, which can cause
nausea. Soups and other liquids should be taken between meals to avoid distending the stomach
and triggering nausea. Sitting upright after meals reduces gastric reflux. Additionally, food portions
should be small and foods with strong odors should be eliminated from the diet, because food smells
often incite nausea.
HESI RN Pharmacology 2022 V2 Exam & Study Guide
A nurse instructs a pregnant client about foods that are high in folic acid. Which item does the nurse
tell the client is the best source of folic acid?
M. Milk
N. Steak
O. Chicken
P. Lima beans Correct
A nurse is providing instructions to a mother of an infant with seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)
about treatment of the condition. The nurse tells the mother to:
Q. Avoid the use of shampoo on the infant’s scalpIncorrect
R. Apply oil to the affected area on the infant’s scalpCorrect
S. Wash the infant’s scalp daily, using only tepid water
T. Shampoo the infant’s scalp, avoiding the anterior fontanel area
A nurse is monitoring a client who was given an epidural opioid for a cesarean birth. The nurse notes
that the client’s oxygen saturation on pulse oximetry is 92%. The nurse first:
U. Notifies the registered nurse
V. Documents the findings
W. Instructs the client to take several deep breaths Correct
X. Administers 100% oxygen by way of face mask Incorrect
Rationale: If the client has been given an epidural opioid, the nurse should monitor the client’s
respiratory status closely. If the oxygen saturation falls below 95%, the nurse instructs the client to
take several deep breaths to increase the level. Although the finding would be documented, action is
required to increase the oxygen saturation level. It is not necessary to contact the registered nurse. If
Rationale: Seborrheic dermatitis, a chronic inflammation of the scalp or other areas of the skin, is
characterized by yellow, scaly, oily lesions. It sometimes results when parents do not wash over the
anterior fontanel carefully for fear that they will hurt the infant. Treatment includes the application of
oil (e.g., mineral oil) to the area to help soften the lesions followed by gentle removal of the scaly
lesions with a comb before the head is shampooed. The nurse should teach the mother how to
shampoo the scalp and explain that she will not damage the fontanel with normal gentle
shampooing. The scalp should be rinsed well to remove all soap, which could cause irritation.
Rationale: The best sources of folic acid are liver; kidney, pinto, lima, and black beans; and fresh
dark-green leafy vegetables. Other good sources of folic acid are orange juice, peanuts, refried
beans, and peas. Milk is high in calcium. Chicken and steak are high in protein.
antidote in cases of hemorrhage induced by the administration of heparin. Naloxone hydrochloride is
administered to treat opioid-induced respiratory depression.
HESI RN Pharmacology 2022 V2 Exam & Study Guide
A client who delivered a healthy newborn 11 days ago calls the clinic and tells the nurse that she is
experiencing a white vaginal discharge. The nurse tells the client:
Y. To perform a vaginal douche
Z. To come to the clinic for a checkupIncorrect
AA. That this is an indication of an infection
AB. That this is a normal postpartum occurrence Correct
A rubella antibody screen is performed in a pregnant client, and the results indicate that the client is
not immune to rubella. The nurse tells the client that:
AC. A rubella vaccine must be administered immediately Incorrect
AD. A rubella vaccine must be administered after childbirth Correct
AE. She will not contract rubella if she is exposed to the disease
AF. She does not need to be concerned about being exposed to rubella
A nurse is monitoring a client who delivered a healthy newborn 12 hours ago. The nurse takes the
client’s temperature and notes that it is 38° C (100.4° F). The most appropriate nursing action would
be to:
AG. Notify the registered nurse
AH. Recheck the temperature in 1 hour Incorrect
Rationale: A prenatal rubella antibody screen is performed in every pregnant woman to determine
whether she is immune to rubella, which can cause serious fetal anomalies. If she is not immune,
rubella vaccine is offered after childbirth to keep her from contracting rubella during subsequent
pregnancies. The vaccine is a live virus, and defects might occur in the fetus if the vaccine were
administered during pregnancy or if the mother were to become pregnant soon after it was
administered. Administering a rubella vaccine immediately places the fetus at risk. Telling the client
that she does not need to be concerned about being exposed to rubella is incorrect, because the
possibility of exposure, which could be harmful to the fetus, does exist. [Show Less]
