1. What is the purpose of conceptual models?
- To articulate professional role identity and function
- In practice, to conceptualize delivery of holistic... [Show More] , comprehensive, collaborative care
- To differentiate among levels of nursing practice
- In research, to guide research and theory development
2. What are the two different types of role conflicts?
Intraprofessional Role Conflict
- Holistic nursing orientation vs. disease-specific medical orientation -Communication difficulties
-Confusion about role delineation
Interprofessional Role Conflict
-Between physicians and APNs
3. What are the steps of the process of Evidence-based practice?
- Formulation of a measurable clinical question.
- Search the literature for relevant studies.
- Extraction and critical appraisal of data from pertinent studies (evidence).
- Implement useful finding in clinical decision making. (clinical decision making based on results of this process)
4. The Goldmark Report in 1923 resulted in what recommendation?
Rockefeller foundation supported formation of the committee for the study of nursing education
Increase educational standards in nursing schools
Move educational programs to universities
Focus student time on education vs. staffing hospitals
Require nurse educators to have advanced education
5. The use of rigorous quality and performance models and measurements allows the APN to be well positioned to
Transition into advanced practice care and to justify the role of the APN
Begin the development of a professionally and personally relevant framework to measure quality, evaluate performance, and identify meaningful indicators to justify the role and fulfill the expectations of the role.
6. The current health care climate suggests that health care quality models and approaches should include the assessment of care in relation to what consumers want from the system, must be evidence-based and must use
Standardized measurement approaches
7. What is central competency for advanced practice nursing?
Direct clinical practice: first core competency, informs all of the other
- defines advanced practice nursing
- provides the foundation necessary for APNs to execute the other competencies, such as consultation, guidance and coaching, and leadership, within organizations
- although clinical expertise is a central ingredient of an APN's practice, the direct care practice of APNs is distinguished by six characteristics: 1 use of a holistic perspective, 2 formation of therapeutic partnerships with patients, 3 expert clinical performance, 4 use of reflective practice, 5 use of evidence as a guide to practice, 6 use of diverse approaches to health and illness management - these characteristics distinguish the practice of the expert by experience from that of the APN
- differs significantly by specialty
Clinical expertise alone should not be equated with APN
8. Negotiation, compromise, and collaboration can minimize or resolve what?
conflict
9. The first specialty area of nursing in the United States was?
Nurse Anesthesia
10. The goals of professional APN organizations are to: establish clear characteristics of advanced practice, provide for safe patient care,
To interpret components of clear and competent levels of behavior
11. What are the types of quality outcomes related to the APN role?
Traditional
Structural
Process
12. The first recognized clinical specialty in nursing was?
Psychiatric nursing
13. The goal of the CNS is to be an _______________.
To be a clinical expert who provides direct patient care to patients with complex health problems
Who does the Medicaid program generally serve?
Provides health insurance benefits and other assistance for eligible low income individuals and families
- Jointly funded state and federal insurance program
- Direct reimbursement to family, peds NPs and CNMs
- Requirements: Low income, pregnant, disabled, blind, aged, resources, US citizenship or lawfully admitted immigrant
14. The first nurse practitioner was?
Pediatric NP
Established the first pediatric nurse practitioner program at the University of Colorado
Loretta Ford, RN & Henry Silver, MD in 1965
Started the first CNS educational program and defined the patient/nurse relationship.
Hildegard Peplau in 1954
What does veracity mean?
"Duty to tell the truth and not deceive others" is key
legal principle that states that a health professional should be honest and give full disclosure to the patient, abstain from misrepresentation or deceit, and report known lapses of the standards of care to the proper agencies.
What does nonmaleficense mean?
principle of bioethics that asserts an obligation not to inflict harm intentionally. It is useful in dealing with difficult issues surrounding the terminally or seriously ill and injured. Some philosophers combine nonmaleficence and BENEFICENCE, considering them a single principle.
What does beneficence mean?
The natural inclination of a person to act to achieve that which is beneficial and to avoid that which is harmful. This implies rational self-interest as the basis of the nurse-patient interaction. And obligation to act to benefit others and to maximize possible benefits
The four classic concepts of marketing are?
Product: The entity that is offered to the market
Price: The amount of money that the individual will be asked to pay for the product
Place: Accessibility and the various tasks necessary to make the product more available to the market
Promotion: Encompasses those activities that communicate the value of the product to the market
21. The steps in Lewin's Freezing Model include?
Unfreezing (frozen):
- Goal not achieved, need is felt
- Analyze current condition, make aware of need for change
- Begin to commit to change
Moving to a new level of equilibrium:
- Goal - achieve desired level of change
- Changing phase
- Moving ends with the desired outcome
Refreezing the new level
-Goal is stabilization of the change
-Need to legitimate the change
-Change fully accepted
-Need regular evaluation of change
How often are APNs required to be recertified?
- National certification lasts 5 to 8yrs and requires that the candidate be retested unless the established didactic and clinical parameters are met
- Must feel CE requirement
Certification validates the minimum level of ?
Primary vehicle used by state boards of nursing to ensure a basic measure of competence mandatory requirement for APRNs to obtain and maintain credentialing in most states
24. To meet Medicare's coverage requirements, the nurse practitioner's services must be?
Medically necessary, covered and have just cause correct codes
While many schools of nursing moved their APRN education to the doctoral level, which group has mandated preparation at the doctoral level for entry into practice?
Nurse Anesthetists - Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia DNAP
What are the 5 primary roles of the APN are?
Researcher, expert clinician, educator, leader & consultant
Which organization(s) is/are responsible for APN certification?
-Commission on collegiate nursing education CCNE
-National League for nursing accreditation center NLNAC
-Regional and state university boards and commissions
-Groups like ACNM or the AANA
Know about written collaborative agreements between an APN and a licensed medical practitioner.
Written collaborative agreements is a form of contract with physician preceptors to practice
Proactive document that allows issues to be discussed up front
Outlines expectations and responsibilities of the parties involved, defines terms of agreement
APN employed by a physician or organization will have this document as part of the employment
29. Can you be sued if you have less than 10 percent of liability?
Yes
What is ethnocentrism?
Belief in the relative superiority of one's own cultural group is a common phenomenon. Often operating at an unconscious level, can exert a powerful influence on our patient interactions and care provided for a patient
31. The foundation of reimbursement is?
Proper documentation of medical necessity
32. The first phase of core competency development for APNs is?
Knowledge development: developing core knowledge and ethical theories and principles in the ethical issues common to specific patient populations are clinical settings
6 core competencies:
-Guidance and coaching
- Consultation
- EBP
- Leadership
- Collaboration
- Ethical decision making [Show Less]
