Bundle
Bundle for DSM-5 Exam 2023
10 Items
DSM-5 questions with complete solution 2023
Panic Disorder Presence of recurrent unexpected intense anxiety attack; uncomfortable/unpredictable anxiety attacks; surge of discomfort/fear (episodic, t... [Show More] ime-limited, unpredictable, intense, intermittent, no trigger) 4/13 1) Palpitations/pounding heart/accelerated heart rate 2) Sweating 3) Trembling/shaking 4) Sensations of shortness of breath 5) Feelings of choking 6) Chest pain/discomfort 7) Nausea/abdominal distress 8) Feeling dizzy/unsteady/light-headed/faint 9) Chills/heat sensations 10) Parasthesias (numbness/tingling) 11) Derealization/depersonalization 12) Fear of losing control 13) Fear of dying Agoraphobia Often paired w/ panic disorder; involving physical space; lower level of functioning; affects work, store, etc. 2/5 situations 1) Using public transportation 2) Being in open spaces 3) Being in enclosed spaces 4) Standing in line or being in a crowd 5) Being outside of the home alone * must show avoidance behavior; avoids b/c of the thought that escape might be difficult Generalized Anxiety Disorder Chronic/constant, ongoing worry about multiple things that interferes w/ adjustment; Worry is an ongoing "chatter"; chronic tension; exaggerated startle response; symptoms present for 6+ months 3/6 w/ some being present more days that not in the past 6 months 1) Restlessness 2) Being easily fatigued 3) Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank 4) Irritability 5) Muscle tension 6) Sleep disturbance (falling/staying asleep) Specific Phobia Problematic anxiety is focused on a specific stimulus; if patient can avoid the source that produces their anxiety, they can eliminate it; immediate anxiety when exposed to trigger stimulus; can vary from sever to mild 1) Excessive, unreasonable fear caused by anticipation or presence of a specific object (snake, heights) 2) Patient understands fear is excessive/unreasonable 3) Much energy is expended to avoid phobic stimulus 4) Phobic object/situation almost always provokes immediate fear/anxiety 5) Fear out of proportion to real danger 6) Fear causes distress/impairment and/or other areas of functioning Social Anxiety/Phobia Marked & persistent fear of 1 or more social or performance situations, particularly w/ who patient is unfamiliar, or involving being observed (social interaction, being observed, performing, embarrassment); great deal of distress/discomfort/impairment; fear of being embarrassed by anxiety symptoms (performing/judged/observed); effort to avoid social situations where embarrassment & judgment could occur; curable 1) Public scrutiny, conversation, meeting unfamiliar people, being observed, performing 2) Social situations almost always provoke fear/anxiety 3) Social situations are avoided or endured w/ intense fear/anxiety 4) Fear out of proportion to actual threat 5) Fear is persistent (6+ months) Somatic Symptom Disorder A) One or more somatic symptom that is distressing or results in significant disruption of daily life B) Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to somatic symptoms or associated health concerns 1) Disproportionate & persistent thoughts about serious of one's symptoms 2) Anxiety about health/symptoms 3) Time & energy devoted to heath or symptoms C) State of being symptomatic is persistent (6+ months) * Specify w/ predominant pain- predominantly involve pain * Specify if persistent- severe symptoms, marked impairment, long duration (6+ months) * Specify severity - Mild: 1 of the symptoms specified in Criterion B - Moderate: 2 or more of the symptoms specified in Criterion B - Severe: 2 or more of the symptoms specified in Criterion B, plus there are multiple somatic complaints; or one very severe * Multiple somatic symptoms that are distressing or affect daily life * Suffering is authentic whether it is medically explained or not * High levels of worry about illness/symptoms; Family history can influence their beliefs * Appraise bodily symptoms as threatening; harmful, troublesome (think the worst about their health) Illness Anxiety Disorder 1) Preoccupied w/ having or acquiring a serious undiagnosed mental illness; family history may increase concerns 2) Somatic symptoms are not present, or mild if they are present 3) High levels of anxiety about health, easily alarmed by personal health status 4) Excessive health-related behaviors (checks for signs of illness); avoids doctors/hospitals 5) Illness preoccupation has been present for 6+ months * Hypochondriacs [Show Less]
- Exam
- $25.45
- 0
- 149
DSM 5 questions and answers latest 2023
Cultural Concepts In an effort to improve diagnosis and care to people of all backgrounds, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of ... [Show More] Mental Disorders (DSM-5) incorporates a greater cultural sensitivity throughout the manual. Rather than a simple list of culture-bound syndromes, DSM-5 updates criteria to reflect cross-cultural variations in presentations, gives more detailed and structured information about cultural concepts of distress, and includes a clinical interview tool to facilitate comprehensive, person-centered assessments. The Impact of Cultural Differences Different cultures and communities exhibit or explain symptoms in various ways. Because of this, it is important for clinicians to be aware of relevant contextual information stemming from a patient's culture, race, ethnicity, religion or geographical origin. For example, uncontrollable crying and headaches are symptoms of panic attacks in some cultures, while difficulty breathing may be the primary symptom in other cultures. Understanding such distinctions will help clinicians more accurately diagnose problems as well as more effectively treat them. Cultural Considerations in Clinical Practice Throughout the DSM-5 development process, the Work Groups made a concerted effort to modify culturally determined criteria so they would be more equivalent across different cultures. In Section II, specific diagnostic criteria were changed to better apply across diverse cultures. For example, the criteria for social anxiety disorder now include the fear of "offending others" to reflect the Japanese concept in which avoiding harm to others is emphasized rather than harm to oneself. The new manual also addresses cultural concepts of distress, which detail ways in which different cultures describe symptoms. In the Appendix, they are described through cultural syndromes, idioms of distress, and explanations. These concepts assist clinicians in recognizing how people in different cultures think and talk about psychological problems. Finally, the cultural formulation interview guide will help clinicians to assess cultural factors influencing patients' perspectives of their symptoms and treatment options. It includes questions about patients' background in terms of their culture, race, ethnicity, religion or geographical origin. The interview provides an opportunity for individuals to define their distress in their own words and then relate this to how others, who may not share their culture, see their problems. This gives the clinician a more comprehensive foundation on which to base both diagnosis and care. DSM-V Diagnoses for Children The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) updates disorder criteria to more precisely capture the experiences and symptoms of children. The book also features a new lifespan approach to mental health. Rather than isolating childhood conditions, DSM-5's organization underscores how they can continue to manifest at different stages of life and may be impacted by the developmental continuum that influences many disorders. Changes affecting children are evident before the manual's first page of text. Its table of contents reflects a new framework that recognizes age-related aspects of disorders by arranging each diagnostic chapter in a chronological fashion, with diagnoses most applicable to infancy and childhood listed first, followed by diagnoses more common to adolescence and early adulthood, and ending with those relevant to adulthood and later years. Thus, disorders previously addressed in a single "infancy, childhood and adolescence" chapter are now integrated throughout the book. Individual disorders, diagnostic categories and criteria were revised to better serve young patients. In revising DSM-5, several factors motivated the Work Groups, including: • Working with parents • Defining a diagnostic home • Developing more precise criteria Parents' Integral Role Throughout the development process for DSM-5, family and consumer advocacy organizations served an important function in giving feedback on proposed changes and, in some cases, meeting with members of the DSM-5 Work Groups. All revisions to the manual were made to more precisely describe and diagnose the symptoms and behaviors of those seeking clinical help. Parents provided a particularly valuable perspective on the framing around changes. DSM-5 is a clinical guidebook for assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders and does not include treatment guidelines or recommendations on services. That said, determining an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward appropriate care. As with any medical issue, no child should ever be diagnosed without a careful, comprehensive evaluation, and no medication should be prescribed without equal vigilance. Parents play an integral role in this process as many of the DSM criteria require that symptoms be observed by them or individuals who interact regularly with the child. It is both appropriate and essential for parents to ask questions and provide information to clinicians during a child's assessment. Parents' specific questions about their child's care should always be discussed with the child's mental health clinician or pediatrician. A Diagnostic Home Clinicians and families often were frustrated that DSM-IV did not define or describe some of the clinically significant behaviors and symptoms they observed in children. In an effort to improve diagnosis and care, two new disorders are among the changes made to DSM-5 to provide children with an accurate diagnostic home. 2 • DSM-5 and Diagnoses for Children Social communication disorder (SCD) is characterized by a persistent difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication that cannot be explained by low cognitive ability. The child's acquisition and use of spoken and written language is problematic, and responses in conversation are often difficult. Since previous manuals did not provide an applicable diagnosis for individuals with such symptoms, there was inconsistent treatment across clinics and treatment centers. SCD brings these children's social and communication deficits out of the shadows of a "not otherwise specified" or similarly inexact diagnosis. Also added to DSM-5 is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). It is characterized by severe and recurrent temper outbursts that are grossly out of proportion to the situation in intensity or duration. The outbursts occur, on average, three or more times each week for a year or more. The unique features of DMDD necessitated a new diagnosis to ensure that children affected by this disorder get appropriate clinical help. More Precise Criteria Existing criteria have been updated in DSM-5 to provide more precise descriptions and reflect the scientific advances and clinical experience of the last two decades. Below are brief summaries of changes to select disorders. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) incorporates four disorders from the previous manual: autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and the catch-all diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. Researchers found that those four diagnoses were inconsistently applied across clinics and treatment centers and, rather than distinct disorders, actually represented symptoms and behaviors along a severity continuum. ASD reflects that continuum and is a more accurate and medically and scientifically useful approach. People diagnosed with one of the separate DSM-IV disorders should still meet the criteria for autism spectrum disorder or a different DSM-5 diagnosis. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) now requires an individual's symptoms to be present prior to age 12, compared to 7 as the age of onset in DSM-IV. Substantial research published since 1994 found no clinical differences between children with earlier versus later symptom onset in terms of their disorder course, severity, outcome, or treatment response. Other criteria for diagnosing children with ADHD remain unchanged. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) includes a new subtype for children younger than 6. This change is based on recent research detailing what PTSD looks like in young children. Adding the developmental subtype should help clinicians tailor treatment in a more age-appropriate and age-effective way. Specific Learning Disorder no longer limits learning disorders to reading, mathematics and written expression. Rather, the DSM-5 criteria describe shortcomings in general academic skills and provide detailed specifiers. Just as in DSM-IV, dyslexia is included in the descriptive text. Eating disorders previously listed among Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence are now listed in the Feeding and Eating Disorders chapter. They include pica, rumination and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. DSM-5 and Diagnoses for Children • 3 Section III of DSM-5 lists conditions warranting more scientific research and clinical experience before they might be considered for inclusion in the main book as formal disorders. Two conditions listed here are particularly relevant for children and adolescents; both are regarded as major problems and public health issues that need to be better understood. Nonsuicidal self-injury defines self-harm without the intention of suicide. Internet gaming disorder deals with the compulsive preoccupation some people develop in playing online games, often to the exclusion of other needs and interests. More information about children with these and other challenging behaviors is available from: • American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at www.aacap.org • The Balanced Mind Foundation at www.thebalancedmind.org • National Alliance on Mental Illness at www.nami.org • Mental Health America at www.mentalhealthamerica.net. Integrated (Dimensional) Assessment Process The upcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) introduces an integration of a dimensional approach to diagnosis and classification with the current categorical approach. Previous editions of DSM used a strictly categorical model requiring a clinician to determine that a disorder was present or absent. The dimensional approach, which allows a clinician more latitude to assess the severity of a condition and does not imply a concrete threshold between "normality" and a disorder, is now incorporated via select diagnoses. Its inclusion will also provide more utility in research contexts. Disorders on a Spectrum While all disorders in DSM-5 remain in specific categories, measures indicating degree of acuteness have been added to several combined diagnoses. For example, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) combines four different categorical disorders and conceptualizes them as occurring along a single spectrum focused on dysfunctional social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors or interests. Under DSM-IV, patients with such symptoms could be diagnosed with autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, or the catch-all diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. But the diagnoses were not consistently applied across practices and treatment centers, in large part because they shared such similar characteristics. Researchers determined that these separate disorders are actually related conditions along a single continuum of behavior. With ASD, some individuals show mild symptoms and others have much more severe symptoms. This spectrum will allow clinicians to account for such variations from person to person. Another example of continuum-based assessment is evident in the new diagnosis of substance use disorder. DSM-5 combines two separate diagnoses of abuse and dependence into a single spectrum of eleven symptoms. In DSM-IV, the distinction between abuse and dependence was based on the concept of abuse as a mild or early phase and dependence as the more severe manifestation. In practice, that was an arbitrary dichotomy, as the abuse criteria were sometimes quite severe. The revised substance use disorder better matches the symptoms that patients experience. Building on Symptoms as the Foundation for Care Using assessment models that also focus attention on the acuteness of symptoms helps clinicians gather more information and thus more insight in creating a treatment plan. The narrow categorical approach of previous DSM editions constricted the range of clinical information obtained, which often could have significant implications for diagnosis, treatment planning, prognosis, and outcomes. With greater depth of detail about symptoms—instead of simply marking them as present or absent— DSM-5 will reduce the excess number of patients who would have been diagnosed under DSM-IV's categorical approach as having a "not otherwise specified" diagnosis due to failure to meet thresholds (e.g., patients with mild symptoms who might not fulfill threshold symptom counts but are in need of treatment). Rather, the integrated approach moves these patients out of the "not otherwise specified" 2 • DSM-5's Integrated Approach to Diagnosis and Classification category by tailoring their diagnosis to the particulars of each individual and providing a diagnosis that is more informative and conducive to treatment planning than the residual diagnosis of "not otherwise specified". Patients often do not fit precisely into one category or another, and the use of a spectrum in DSM-5 mitigates that problem. Assessing on a spectrum also has benefits for research because the data it produces is more reliable, stable and valid. Spectrum models are also preferred for hypothesis development and testing. To ensure DSM-5 is not overly disruptive to clinical practice, its spectrum measures are compatible with categorical definitions. The new edition combines the best of both categorical and dimensional approaches to provide better guidance to clinicians and, as a consequence better treatment to patients. Mixed Features Specifier The upcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) will replace the diagnosis of "mixed episode" with a mixed-features specifier that can be applied to episodes of major depression, hypomania or mania. The change reflects ways these behaviors intersect and will benefit diagnosis and care. In DSM-IV, a diagnosis of mixed episode required an individual to simultaneously meet all criteria for an episode of major depression and an episode of mania. During its review of the latest research, the DSM-5 Mood Disorders Work Group recognized that individuals rarely meet full criteria for both episode types at the same time. In order to be diagnosed with the new specifier in the case of major depression, the new DSM-5 specifier will require the presence of at least three manic/hypomanic symptoms that don't overlap with symptoms of major depression. In the case of mania or hypomania, the specifier will require the presence of at least three symptoms of depression in concert with the episode of mania/hypomania. Using the Specifiers If an individual is predominantly manic or hypomanic but also presents with depressive symptoms, the mixed features specifier may be considered. Depressive symptoms may include depressed mood, diminished interest or pleasure, slowed physical and emotional reaction, fatigue or loss of energy, and recurrent thoughts of death. At least three of these symptoms must be present nearly every day during the most recent week of a manic episode or during the most recent four days of a hypomanic episode. Conversely, if an individual is predominantly depressed with some manic or hypomanic symptoms, the mixed features specifier may also be considered. These manic or hypomanic symptoms may include elevated mood, inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep and an increase in energy or goal-directed activity. At least three of these symptoms must be present nearly every day during the most recent two weeks of the major depressive episode. Improving Diagnosis and Care The specifier will allow clinicians to more accurately diagnose patients who may be suffering from concurrent symptoms of depression and mania/hypomania, as well as better tailor treatment to their behaviors. This is especially important since many patients with mixed features, depending on their predominant symptoms, demonstrate poor response to lithium or become less stable when taking antidepressants. Additionally, more accurately identifying these concurrent behaviors may allow clinicians to recognize people with a unipolar disorder at increased risk of progression to bipolar disorder. Neurodevelopmental Disorders -Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) -Communication Disorders -Autism Spectrum Disorder -Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder -Specific Learning Disorder -Motor Disorders Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) emphasize the need for an assessment of both cognitive capacity (IQ) and adaptive functioning. Severity is determined by adaptive functioning rather than IQ score. The term mental retardation was used in DSM-IV. However, intellectual disability is the term that has come into common use over the past two decades among medical, educational, and other professionals, and by the lay public and advocacy groups. Moreover, a federal statue in the United States (Public Law 111-256, Rosa's Law) replaces the term "mental retardation with intellectual disability. Despite the name change, the deficits in cognitive capacity beginning in the developmental period, with the accompanying diagnostic criteria, are considered to constitute a mental disorder. Because the ICD-11 will not be adopted for several years, intellectual disability was chosen as the current preferred term with the bridge term for the future in parentheses. Communication Disorders The DSM-5 communication disorders include language disorder (which combines DSM-IV expressive and mixed receptive-expressive language disorders), speech sound disorder (a new name for phonological disorder), and childhood-onset fluency disorder (a new name for stuttering). Also included is social (pragmatic) communication disorder, a new condition for persistent difficulties in the social uses of verbal and nonverbal communication. Because social communication deficits are one component of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it is important to note that social (pragmatic) communication disorder cannot be diagnosed in the presence of restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (the other component of ASD). The symptoms of some patients diagnosed with DSM-IV pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified may meet the DSM-5 criteria for social communication disorder. Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism spectrum disorder is a new DSM-5 name that reflects a scientific consensus that four previously separate disorders are actually a single condition with different levels of symptom severity in two core 2 • Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 domains. ASD now encompasses the previous DSM-IV autistic disorder (autism), Asperger's disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. ASD is characterized by 1) deficits in social communication and social interaction and 2) restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (RRBs). Because both components are required for diagnosis of ASD, social communication disorder is diagnosed if no RRBs are present. [Show Less]
- Exam
- $36.95
- 0
- 134
DSM-5 questions with answers latest 2023
Give the complete name of the DSM. Who Publishes it? Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Associat... [Show More] ion. What was the DSM designed to facilitate? More reliable diagnoses. List three ways the DSM is intended to serve a guide for diagnosing and treating mental disorders a tool for clinicians a reference for researchers in the field What do the acronyms ICD and WHO stand for? ICD: International Classification of Diseases, WHO: World Health Organization List five of the enhancements incorporated into the DSM-5 Representation of developmental issues related to diagnoses: the chapter organization was changed to a lifespan approach Integration of scientific findings from the latest research in genetics and neuroimaging transition of conceptualizing personality disorders: an alternative "hybrid" model has been proposed in Section III to guide future research. Section III: new disorders and features Online enhancements: online supplemental material Why are reliable diagnoses essential? List four reasons cited in the DSM-5 guiding treatment recommendations identifying prevalence rates identifying patient groups for clinical and basic research and commenting important public health information such as morbidity and mortality rates List the four stages of the DSM-5 revision process Proposals for Revisions DSM-5 Field Trials Public and Professional Review and Expert Review What four principals guided draft revisions? The DSM-5 is primarily intended to be a manual to be used by clinicians, and revisions must be feasible for routine clinical practice. Recommendations for revisions should be guided by research evidence. Where possible, continuity should be maintained with pervious editions of the DSM. No a priori constraints should be placed on the degree of change between DSM-IV and DSM-5. Briefly summarize the three reasons why harmonization with the IDC-11 was thought to be important. The existence of two major classifications of mental disorders: hinders the collection and use of national health statistics the design of clinical trials aimed at developing new treatments and the consideration of global applicability of the results by international regulatory agencies. More broadly, the existence of two classifications complicates attempts to replicate scientific results across nations. What realities are described as resulting from the narrowing of diagnostic categories in the attempt to identifying homogeneous patient populations for research and treatment? Identifying homogenous populations for treatment and research results in narrow diagnostic categories did not capture clinical reality, symptom heterogeneity within disorders, and significant sharing of symptoms across multiple disorders. The historical aspiration of achieving diagnostic homogeneity by subtyping within disorder categories is no longer sensible; like most human ills, mental disorders are heterogenous at many levels, ranging from genetic risk factors to symptoms. How does DSM-5 incorporate developmental and lifespan issues into its overall organization? DSM-5 is organized on developmental and lifespan considerations. It beings with diagnoses thought to reflect developmental processes that manifest early in life, followed by diagnoses that more commonly manifest in adolescence and young adulthood, and ends with diagnoses relevant to adulthood and later life. [Show Less]
- Exam
- $14.95
- 0
- 189
DSM-5 Criteria fully solved 2023
Dysruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder A) Severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally and/or behaviorally that are grossly out of proportion in ... [Show More] intensity or duration to the situation or provocation. B) The temper outbursts are inconsistent with developmental level. C) The temper outbursts occur, on average, 3 or more times per week. D) The mood between temper outbursts is persistently irritable or angry most of the day, nearly every day, and is observable by others. E) Criteria A-D have been present for 12 or more months. Throughout that time, the individual has not had a period lasting 3 or more consecutive months without all of the symptoms in Criteria A-D. F) Criteria A and D are present in at least 2 of 3 settings and are severe in at least 1 of these. G) The diagnosis should not be made for the first time before age 6 or after age 18. H) By history or observation, the age at onset of Criteria A-E is before 10. I) There has never been a distinct period lasting more than 1 day during which the full symptom criteria, except duration, for a manic or hypomanic episode have been met. J) The behaviors do not occur exclusively during an episode of major depressive disorder and are not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, separation anxiety disorder, persistent depressive disorder [dysthymia]). K) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical or neurological condition. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) A) Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least 1 of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure: Symptoms 1) Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either subjective report or observation made by others. 2) Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day. 3) Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. 4) Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day. 5) Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day. 6) Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day. 7) Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt nearly every day. 8) Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day. 9) Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide. B) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. C) The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical condition. D) The occurrence of the major depressive episode is not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. E) There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode. Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) A) Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, for at least 2 years. B) Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following: Symptoms 1) Poor appetite or overeating. 2)Insomnia or hypersomnia. 3) Low energy or fatigue. 4) Low self-esteem. 5) Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions. 6) Feelings of hopelessness. C) During the 2-year period of the disturbance, the individual has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time. D) Criteria for a major depressive disorder may be continuously present for 2 years. E) There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have never been met for cyclothymic disorder. F) The disturbance is not better explained by a persistent schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder. G) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition (e.g. hypothyroidism). H) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Dysruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder A) Severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally and/or behaviorally that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation or provocation. B) The temper outbursts are inconsistent with developmental level. C) The temper outbursts occur, on average, 3 or more times per week. D) The mood between temper outbursts is persistently irritable or angry most of the day, nearly every day, and is observable by others. E) Criteria A-D have been present for 12 or more months. Throughout that time, the individual has not had a period lasting 3 or more consecutive months without all of the symptoms in Criteria A-D. F) Criteria A and D are present in at least 2 of 3 settings and are severe in at least 1 of these. G) The diagnosis should not be made for the first time before age 6 or after age 18. H) By history or observation, the age at onset of Criteria A-E is before 10. I) There has never been a distinct period lasting more than 1 day during which the full symptom criteria, except duration, for a manic or hypomanic episode have been met. J) The behaviors do not occur exclusively during an episode of major depressive disorder and are not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, separation anxiety disorder, persistent depressive disorder [dysthymia]). K) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical or neurological condition. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) A) Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least 1 of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure: Symptoms 1) Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either subjective report or observation made by others. 2) Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day. 3) Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. 4) Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day. 5) Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day. 6) Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day. 7) Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt nearly every day. 8) Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day. 9) Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide. B) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. C) The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical condition. D) The occurrence of the major depressive episode is not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. E) There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode. Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) A) Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, for at least 2 years. B) Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following: Symptoms 1) Poor appetite or overeating. 2)Insomnia or hypersomnia. 3) Low energy or fatigue. 4) Low self-esteem. 5) Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions. 6) Feelings of hopelessness. C) During the 2-year period of the disturbance, the individual has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time. D) Criteria for a major depressive disorder may be continuously present for 2 years. E) There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have never been met for cyclothymic disorder. F) The disturbance is not better explained by a persistent schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder. G) The symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition (e.g. hypothyroidism). H) The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. [Show Less]
- Exam
- $30.45
- 0
- 156
Psychiatry DSM-5 Criteria questions verified answers 2023
definition of "Abnormal" "3 D's" Deviation (not norm) Discomfort Dysfunction 3 Criterion that need to be met for ALL of the DSM-5 criterion ... [Show More] for psychiatric disorders 1) Causes Significant distress or impairment in functioning (social or occupational) 2) Not caused by a drug 3) Not caused by a medical condition Major Depressive Disorder 5 or more sxs present during the same 2 wk period. MUST have #1 or #2 1) Depressed mood most of the day, every day 2) diminished interest, anhedonia 3) weight loss or weight gain 4) insomnia or hypersomnia 5) Psychomotor agitation or retardation 6) Fatigue, energy loss 7) Feeling worthless, inappropriate guilt 8) Diminished concentration or indecisiveness 9) SI, with or w/out plans, with or w/out attempt, thoughts of death MDD Single Episode Presence of single 2 week MD episode that... 1) is not better accounted for by schizoaffective d/o 2) never been a manic, mixed episode, or hypomanic state MDD, Recurrent Presence of 2 or more MD episodes At least 2 months apart MDD in Children <18 5 or more sxs during the same 2 wk period. MUST have #1 or #2 1) Depressed mood; For children & adoles, this can also be an irritable mood 2) diminished interest, anhedonia 3) weight loss or weight gain; For children, this can be failure to achieve expected weight gain 4) insomnia or hypersomnia 5) Psychomotor agitation or retardation 6) Fatigue, energy loss 7) Feeling worthless, inappropriate guilt 8) Diminished concentration or indecisiveness 9) SI, with or w/out plans, with or w/out attempt, thoughts of death Persistent Depressive Disorder (AKA Dysthymic Disorder) A) Depressed mood most of the day, more days than not, as indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 yrs B)2 or more of these present 1. Poor appetite or overeating. 2. Insomnia or hypersomnia. 3. Low energy or fatigue. 4. Low self-esteem. 5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions. 6. Feelings of hopelessness. C) Never w/out A & B for > 2 months at a time D) Criteria for MDD may be continuously present for 2 years. E) never had manic or a hypomanic episode, & have never been met for cyclothymic disorder. Persistent Depressive Disorder in Children < 18y.o. Only difference is Depressed mood most of the day, more days than not, as indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for at least 1 year Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) In majority of menstrual cycles, a/L 5 sxs must be present in the final wk before onset of menses, improve within a few days after the onset, & become minimal or absent in the wk postmenses B) One (or more) of the following must be present: 1) Emotional lability (mood swings; feel suddenly sad or tearful, or inc sensitivity to rejection). 2) Irritability or anger or interpersonal conflicts. 3) Depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness, or self-deprecating thoughts. 4) Anxiety, tension, and/or feelings of being keyed up or on edge. C) One (or more) of the following symptoms must additionally be present, to reach a total of 5 1) Diminished interest, anhedonia 2) Subjective difficulty in concentration. 3) Fatigue, energy loss 4) Change in appetite; overeat; or specific food cravings. 5) Hypersomnia or insomnia. 6) Sense of being overwhelmed or out of control. 7) Physical symptoms such as breast tenderness or swelling, joint or muscle pain, a sensation of "bloating," or weight gain. Note: A-C must have been met for most menstrual cycles that occurred in the preceding year D) NOT merely an exacerbation of underlying mood disorder E) Should be confirmed by daily ratings prospectively Manic Episode A) Distinct period of abnormally & persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day. B) 3 or more of the following (DIG FAST) 1. Distractibility or easily frustrate 2. Irresponsibility and erratic behavior; decreased Inhibitions 3. Grandiosity 4. Flight of ideas, racing thoughts 5. Activity increased, goal oriented activities, and/or increased sexual activity 6. Sleep, decreased need for sleep 7. Talkative, pressure to keep talking Hypomanic Episode A) Distinct period of abnormally & persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy, lasting at least 4 days and present most of the day, nearly every day. B) 3 or more of the following (DIG FAST) 1. Distractibility or easily frustrate 2. Irresponsibility and erratic behavior; decreased Inhibitions 3. Grandiosity 4. Flight of ideas, racing thoughts 5. Activity increased, goal oriented activities, and/or increased sexual activity 6. Sleep, decreased need for sleep 7. Talkative, pressure to keep talking C) Must be change from baseline behavior D)The episode is not severe enough to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitalization. If there are psychotic features, the episode is, by definition, manic. Bipolar I Disorder Must meet the criteria for a Manic Episode. The manic episode may have been preceded by and may be followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes. But hypomania or MDD episode is not required for BP I diagnosis, just need the manic episode Bipolar II Disorder Must meet criteria for a current or past Hypomanic Episode AND Meet criteria for a current or past Major Depressive Episode Bipolar Disorder Criteria in Children < 18y.o. Same Criteria as adults Cyclothymic Disorder A) Presence of Hypomania symptoms but do not meet hypomania episode criteria and Depressive symptoms but do not meet MDD episode criteria For at least 2 years B) During these 2 years, the hypomanic and depressive periods have been present for at least half the time and the individual has not been without the symptoms for > 2 months at a time [Show Less]
- Exam
- $33.45
- 0
- 177
DSM-5 Glossary of Technical Terms questions with complete solutions 2023
affect pattern of observable behaviors that is the expression of a subjectively experienced feeling state (emotion) blunted affect significant red... [Show More] uction in the intensity of emotional expression flat affect (near) absence of any sign of affective expression inappropriate affect discordance between affective expression and the content of speech/ideation labile affect abnormal variability in affect with repeated, rapid, and abrupt shifts in affective expression restricted or constricted affect mild reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression agnosia loss of ability to recognize objects/persons/sounds/shapes/smells that occurs in the absence of either impairment of the specific sense or significant memory loss alogia impoverishment in thinking that is inferred from observing speech and language behavior; may be brief and concrete replies to questions and restriction in the amount of spontaneous speech (poverty of speech); sometimes the speech is adequate in amount but conveys little information because it is overconcrete, overabstract, repetitive, or stereotyped (poverty of content) amnesia inability to recall important autobiographical information that is inconsistent with ordinary forgetting anhedonia lack of enjoyment from, engagement in, or energy for life's experiences; deficits in the capacity to feel pleasure and take interest in things; facet of the broad personality trait domain DETACHMENT anosognosia a person with an illness seems unaware of the existence of his/her illness antagonism behaviors that put an individual at odds with other people, such as an exaggerated sense of self-importance with a concomitant expectation of special treatment, as well as a callous antipathy toward others, encompassing both unawareness of others' needs and feelings, and a readiness to use others in the service of self-enhancement; one of the five broad PERSONALITY TRAIT DOMAINS antidepressant discontinuation syndrome set of symptoms that can occur after abrupt cessation, or marked reduction in dose, of an antidepressant medication that had been taken continuously for at least 1 month anxiety apprehensive anticipation of future danger or misfortune accompanied by a feeling of worry, distress, and/or somatic symptoms of tension; focus of anticipated danger may be internal/external anxiousness feelings of nervousness/tenseness in reaction to diverse situations; frequent worry about the negative effects of past unpleasant experiences and future negative possibilities; feeling fearful and apprehensive about uncertainty; expecting the worst to happen; facet of the broad personality trait domain NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY arousal physiological and psychological state of being awake or reactive to stimuli asociality reduced initiative for interacting with other people attention ability to focus in a sustained manner on a particular stimulus or activity; disturbance in may be manifested by easy DISTRACTIBILITY or difficulty in finishing tasks or in concentrating on work attention seeking engaging in behavior designed to attract notice and to make oneself the focus of others' attention and admiration; facet of the broad personality trait domain ANTAGONISM autogynephilia sexual arousal of a natal male associated with the idea or image of being a woman avoidance act of keeping away from stress-related circumstances; a tendency to circumvent cues/activities/situations that remind the individual of a stressful event experienced avolition inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed activities bereavement state of having lost through death someone with whom one has had a close relationship; range of grief and mourning responses callousness lack of concern for the feelings or problems of others; lack of guilt or remorse about the negative or harmful effects of one's actions on others; facet of the broad personality trait domain ANTAGONISM catalepsy passive induction of a posture held against gravity [Show Less]
- Exam
- $20.45
- 0
- 254
DSM-5 questions and answers latest 2023 verified
When was the last major revision of DSM? 1994 with DSM-IV, currently in the fifth edition (2013) What are "V Code" conditions? Conditions that are... [Show More] not mental disorders, but may still benefit from clinical intervention/scrutiny. What are 3 examples of V Code conditions? 1. Uncomplicated Bereavement 2. Acculturation Difficulty 3. Victim of Crime The DSM-5 contains ____ information and is considered ____. descriptive (epidemiology, risk factors, onset, course); atheoretical (NO discussion of treatment or etiology) What does provisional mean in context of DSM-5 and diagnosing mental disorders? The word provisional is used if one assumes that criteria will be met for the disorder but (a) information is unavailable or (b) the criterion is not yet met but is expected to be met. What does unspecified and other specified mean in the context of DSM-5 and diagnosing mental disorders? The words unspecified and other specified mean that the patient's symptoms conform to SOME of the criteria for a diagnosis but the criteria are not fully met. This word is used when the clinician chooses not to specify why a patient fails to meet criteria for a specific disorder. Unspecified This word is used when the clinician does choose to specify why a patient fails to meet criteria for a specific disorder. Other specified Why was the multi axial system removed in DSM-5? To avoid implying that there is a fundamental distinction between psychiatric and medical illness. Why was the multi axial system used in editions prior to DSM-5? To emphasize the biopsychosocial model of health. DSM-5 has good ____ of diagnostic labels. reliability DSM-5 lacks ____ of diagnostic labels. proven validity (criticized for having too many diagnoses) How does DSM-5 differ for specifying childhood mental disorders? Contains variant criteria for children for some mental disorders What are the major characteristics of a mental disorder? 1. clinically signifiant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation or behavior 2. associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational or other important activities [Show Less]
- Exam
- $13.95
- 0
- 192
DSM-5 In Action Chapter 1 correctly answered 2023
What was the original purpose of having a psychiatric diagnosis? Providing efficient and effective communication among professionals, facilitating empiric... [Show More] al research is psychopathology, and assisting in the formulation of the appropriate treatment strategy for the client to be served. How many Americans can expect to get a psychiatric diagnosis in their lifetime? 1/2 DSM Offers a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders Who is the largest provider of Mental Health Services in the US? Social Workers Ways in which clinicians may misuse the DSM when diagnosing. It can be used to ensure third-party reimbursements, qualifying for agency service, or avoiding a diagnostic label. Clinicians may also be forced to pick the most severe diagnosis so their clients could qualify for certain services. 2 points to remember regarding the development of the DSM 1. It's very political to get chosen to be on one of the DSM committees 2. Each time they come out with a new DSM, the number of Mental Disorders increases. Pros of the DSM 5 1. Leads to uniform and improved diagnosis 2. Improves informed professional communication through uniformity. 3. Provides the basis for a comprehensive diagnostic and educational tool. Cons of the DSM 5 1. Leads to diagnostic labels 2. Can provide limited information on the relationship between environmental considerations and aspects of the mental health condition. 3. Does not describe intervention strategy. Why was the PIE developed and what does it provide? Was formulated in response to the need to identify client problems in a way that health professionals could easily understand. It provides the following: 1. A common language with which social workers in all settings can describe their clients' problems in social functioning. 2. A common capsule description of social phenomena that can facilitate treatment or ameliorate problems presented by clients. 3. A basis for gathering data to be used to measure the need for services and to design human service programs to evaluate effectiveness. 4. A mechanism for clearer communication among social work practitioners and between practitioners, administrators, and researchers. 5. A basis for clarifying the domain of social work in human service fields. [Show Less]
- Exam
- $12.95
- 0
- 197
Assessment Measures (DSM-5 Section III) questions and correct solutions 2023
Although the DSM classification represents a categorical approach to the diag- nosis of mental disorders, such approaches have a number of shortcomings. Wh... [Show More] ich of the following is not a limitation of categorical approaches as de- scribed in DSM-5? A. Failure to find "zones of rarity" between diagnoses. B. Need to create intermediate categories. C. Low rates of comorbidity. D. Frequent use of "not otherwise specified (NOS)" diagnoses. E. Lack of treatment specificity for various diagnostic categories. Low rates of comorbidity. Explanation: According to DSM-5, the limitations of a categorical diagnostic system include the failure to find zones of rarity between diagnoses (i.e., delineation of mental disorders from one another by natural boundaries), the need for intermediate categories like schizoaffective disorder, high rates of comorbidity, frequent use of NOS diagnoses, relative lack of utility in furthering the identification of unique antecedent validators for most mental disorders, and lack of treatment specificity for the various diagnostic categories. Which of the following statements about the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, Version 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), is true? a. It is a clinician-administered scale. b. It focuses only on disabilities due to psychiatric illness. c. It assesses a patient's ability to perform activities in six functional areas. d. It is available in both an adult self-rated version and a parent/guardian-rated version. e. It primarily measures physical disability. It assesses a patient's ability to perform activities in six functional areas. Explanation: The WHODAS 2.0 was developed to assess a patient's ability to perform activities in six areas: understanding and communicating; getting around; self-care; getting along with people; life activities (e.g., household, work/school); and participation in society. The scale corresponds to concepts contained in the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This assessment can also be used over time to track changes in a patient's disabilities. The adult self-administered version of WHODAS 2.0 was designed to be used in adults age 18 years and older with any medical disorder. If the adult individual is of impaired capacity and unable to complete the form (e.g., a patient with dementia), a knowledgeable informant may complete the proxy-administered version of the measure (available at www.psychiatry.org/dsm5). Which of the following statements about the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure is true? a. It is intended to help clinicians assess a patient's ability to perform activities in six areas of daily life functioning. b. It asks about the presence and frequency of symptoms in 13 psychiatric domains. c. It focuses only on symptoms present at the time of the interview. d. It lacks validity data in clinical settings and is primarily intended as a research tool. e. Because it is self-rated, it cannot be used with patients who have communication or cognitive disorders. It asks about the presence and frequency of symptoms in 13 psychiatric domains. Explanation: The DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure is a patient- or informant-rated measure that assesses mental health domains that are important across psychiatric diagnoses. It is intended to help clinicians identify additional areas of inquiry that may have significant impact on the individual's treatment and prognosis. In addition, the measure may be used to track changes in the individual's symptom presentation over time. The adult version of the self-rated DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure consists of 23 questions that assess 13 psychiatric domains, including depression, anger, mania, anxiety, somatic symptoms, suicidal ideation, psychosis, sleep problems, memory, repetitive thoughts and behaviors, dissociation, personality functioning, and substance use. Each item inquires about how much (or how often) the individual has been bothered by the specific symptom during the past 2 weeks. If the individual is of impaired capacity and unable to complete the form (e.g., an individual with dementia), a knowledgeable adult informant may complete this measure. The measure was found to be clinically useful and to have good reliability in the DSM-5 field trials that were conducted in adult clinical samples across the United States and in Canada. In clinician review of item scores on the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure for an adult patient, a rating of "slight" would call for further inquiry if found for any item in which of the following domains? A. Depression. B. Mania. C. Anger. D. Psychosis. E. Personality functioning. Psychosis. Explanation: On the adult self-rated version of the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure, each item is rated on a 5-point scale (0=none or not at all; 1=slight or rare, less than a day or two; 2=mild or several days; 3=moderate or more than half the days; and 4=severe or nearly every day). Whereas for most domains, a rating of mild (i.e., 2) or greater for any item within the domain is the threshold to guide further inquiry, for the substance use, suicidal ideation, and psychosis domains, a rating of slight (i.e., 1) or greater is the threshold for pursuing additional inquiry and follow-up to determine if a more detailed assessment is needed (which may include the Level 2 cross-cutting symptom assessment for that domain). If a parent answers "I don't know" to the question "In the past TWO (2) WEEKS, has your child had an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor, etc.)?" in the parent/guardian-rated version of the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure, what is the appropriate clinician response? a. Advise that the child be hospitalized before further workup proceeds. b. Ask the child questions from the substance use domain of the child-rated Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure. c. Rely on other questions from the substance use domain and do not incorporate this answer into the final score. d. Ask the parent to ask the child, and schedule a follow-up visit to re-administer the questionnaire. e. Consider reporting the parent to child protective services. Ask the child questions from the substance use domain of the child-rated Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure. Explanation: On the parent/guardian-rated version of the DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure for children age 6-17, items in 2 of the 12 domains—suicidal ideation/attempts and substance use—are each rated on a "Yes, No, or Don't Know" scale. A parent or guardian's rating of "Don't Know" on the suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and any of the substance use items, especially for children ages 11-17 years, would warrant additional prob- ing of the issues with the child, including using the child-rated Level 2 Cross- Cutting Symptom Measure for the relevant domain (see Table 2). [Show Less]
- Exam
- $15.45
- 0
- 138
DSM-5 Introduction questions & answers latest 2023
Give the complete name of the DSM. Who publishes it? (xli) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Published by the American Psychiatric As... [Show More] sociation. What was it designed to facilitate? (xli) Designed to facilitate more reliable diagnoses of these disorders List three of the ways the DSM is intended to serve. (xli) DSM is intended to (1) serve as a practical, functional, and flexible guide for organizing information that can aid in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. (2) It is a tool for clinicians, an (3) essential educational resource for students and practitioners and (4) a reference for researchers in the field. What do the acronyms ICD and WHO stand for? (xli) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and World Health Organization (WHO) List five of the enhancements incorporated into the DSM-5. (xlii-xliii) 1. Representation of developmental issues related to diagnosis 2. Integration of scientific findings from the latest research in genetics and neuroimaging 3. Consolidation of autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder and pervasive developmental disorder into autism spectrum disorder 4. Streamlined classification of bipolar and depressive disorders 5. Restructuring of substance use disorders for consistency and clarity 6. Enhanced specificity for major and mild neurocognitive disorders 7. Transition in conceptualizing personality disorders 8. Section III: new disorders and features Why are reliable diagnoses essential? List four reasons cited in the DSM-5. (5) Reliable diagnoses are essential for guiding treatment recommendations, Identifying prevalence rates for mental health service planning, Identifying patient groups for clinical and basic research, and documenting important public health information such as morbidity and mortality rates List the four stages of the DSM-5 Revision Process. (6-10) 1. Proposals for revisions 2. DSM-5 Field trials 3. Public and Professional Review 4. Expert Review What four principles guided draft revisions? (7) Four principles guided the draft revisions: 1. DSM-5 is primarily intended to be a manual to be used by clinicians and revisions must be feasible for routine clinical practice 2. Recommendations for revisions should be guided by research evidence 3. Where possible, continuity should be maintained with previous editions of DSM 4. No a priori constraints should be placed on the degree of change between DSM-IV and DSM-5 Briefly summarize the three reasons why harmonization with the ICD-11 was thought to be important. (11) 1.hinders the collection and use of national health statistics, the design of clinical trials aimed at developing new treatments, and the consideration of global applicability of the results by international regulatory agencies 2.The existence of two classifications complicates attempts by replicate scientific results across national boundaries 3.Even when the intention was to identify identical patient populations, DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnoses did not always agree What realities are described as resulting from the narrowing of diagnostic categories in the attempt to identifying homogeneous patient populations for research and treatment? (12) Indeed, the once plausible goal of identifying homogeneous populations for treatment and research resulted in narrow diagnostic categories that did not capture clinical reality, symptom heterogeneity within disorders, and significant sharing of symptoms across multiple disorders. How does DSM-5 incorporate developmental and lifespan issues into its overall organization? (13) It begins with diagnoses thought to reflect developmental processes that manifest early in life, followed by diagnoses that more commonly manifest in adolescence and young adulthood, and ends with diagnoses relevant to adulthood and later life. A similar approach has been taken, where possible, within each chapter. This organizational structure facilitates the comprehensive use of lifespan information as a way to assist in diagnostic decision making. List the three concepts offering greater clinical utility that replaced the culture-bound syndrome in the DSM-5. (14) 1. Cultural syndrome: is a cluster or group of co-occurring, relatively invariant symptoms found in a specific cultural group, community, or context 2. Cultural idiom of distress: is a linguistic term, phrase or way of talking about suffering among individuals of a cultural group referring to shared concepts of pathology 3. Cultural explanation or perceived cause: is a label, attribution, or feature of an explanatory model that provides a culturally conceived etiology What two phrases have replaced NOS diagnoses in the DSM-5? Briefly describe each of these. (15) 1. Other specified disorder: is provided to allow the clinician to communicate the specific reason that the presentation does not meet the criteria for any specific category within a diagnostic class. 2. Unspecified disorder: The clinician chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria are not met for a specific disorder. [Show Less]
- Exam
- $13.95
- 0
- 167
Purchase the bundle to get the full access instantly
- 3 Million+ Study Documents
- 100% Money Back Guarantee
- Immediate Download Access
Add To Cart
Reviews 0
Bundle Details
$58.45
- Trusted by 800,000+ Students
- 24/7 Money Back Guarantee
- Download is directly available
201
0
Seller Details
