True or False: One tablespoon is equivalent to 30 milliliters.
False
(Rationale: One tablespoon is equivalent to 15 milliliters.)
Six fluid ounc... [Show More] es are equivalent to how many milliliters?
a. 120 mL
b. 180 mL
c. 240 mL
d. 60 mL
b. 180 mL
(Rationale: One fluid ounce is equivalent to 30 mL. Using this conversion, the nurse would set up the following ratio and proportion: 1 f oz/30 mL = 6 f oz/X mL. Cross multiplying and solving for X: X = 180 mL.)
A patient is to receive 150 mL of intravenous solution over the next hour using a microdrip delivery system. How much fluid would the patient receive in 1 minute?
a. 2.5 mL
b. 1.5 mL
c. 4.5 mL
d. 3.0 mL
a. 2.5 mL
(Rationale: The nurse would divide 150 mL by 60 minutes, which would result in 2.5 mL per minute.)
A child is to receive 500 mg of an antibiotic suspension. The label on the bottle reads 250 mg/5 mL. The nurse would administer how much of the suspension in one dose?
a. 2.5 mL
b. 7.5 mL
c. 5 mL
d. 10 mL
d. 10 mL
(Rationale: To determine the amount to give, the nurse would set up the following ratio and proportion: 250 mg/5 mL = 500 mg/X mL. Cross multiplying and solving for X: 250X = 5 x 500; X = 10 mL.)
A drug label reads "1 tablet equals 50 milligrams". How many grains would this be?
a. 0.5 grain
b. 1.5 grains
c. 2 grains
d. 1 grain
d. 1 grain
(Rationale: Sixty milligrams is equivalent to 1 grain.)
True or False: Clark's rule is commonly used today to calculate pediatric drug dosages, but Young's rule is rarely used.
False
(Rationale: Clark's rule, Young's rule, and Fried's rule are not commonly used to determine pediatric doses. Body surface area or milligrams per kilogram of body weight are most commonly used.)
A patient states that he takes 5 grains of aspirin every day. The nurse would determine that the patient takes how many milligrams every day?
a. 600 mg
b. 150 mg
c. 450 mg
d. 300 mg
d. 300 mg
(Rationale: One grain is equivalent to 60 mg. So 5 grains would be equivalent to 300 mg. Using the ratio and proportion method 1 grain/60 mg = 5 grains/X: Cross multiply to determine 300 mg = 5 grains.)
A nurse is checking the dosage of a prescribed medication ordered for a child. The child has a body surface area of 0.40 m2. The nurse finds that the average adult dose of the drug is 250 mg. Which dosage, if ordered, would be appropriate for this child?
a. 174 mg
b. 58 mg
c. 100 mg
d. 116 mg
b. 58 mg
(Rationale: Using the surface area calculation formula, the nurse would calculate the following:
0.40 m2 x 250
173 = 57.8 mg or 58 mg.)
A patient is to receive 0.05 g of a diuretic. The patient has 25 mg tablets on hand. The nurse would instruct the patient to take how many tablets?
a. 2
b. 1.5
c. 1
d. 0.5
a. 2
(Rationale: 0.05 g is equivalent to 50 mg, which can be determined by moving the decimal point 3 places to the right. To calculate the number of tablets, the nurse would set up a ratio and proportion: 25 mg/1 tab = 50 mg/X tab. Cross multiplying and solving for X: 25X = 50; X = 2 tablets.)
A group of students are reviewing the various measurement systems. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following units as associated with the apothecary system? (Select all that apply.)
a. Pound
b. Drop
c. Minim
d. Liter
e. Grain
f. Kilogram
c. Minim
e. Grain
(Rationale: Grain and minim are measurement units of the apothecary system. Pound is a measurement unit of the household system. Kilogram is a measurement unit of the metric system. Liter is a measurement unit of the metric system. Drop is a measurement unit of the household system.)
A nurse is to administer 150 mg of a drug intramuscularly. The label on the multidose vial reads 100 mg/mL. How much would the nurse give?
a. 1.5 mL
b. 2 mL
c. 1 mL
d. 2.5 mL
a. 1.5 mL
(Rationale: To determine the amount to give, the nurse would set up the following ratio and proportion: 100 mg/1 mL = 150 mg/X mL. Cross multiplying and solving for X: 100X = 150; X = 1.5 mL.)
A nurse is using the metric system for solid measure. Which unit would the nurse expect to use?
a. Gram
b. Dram
c. Liter
d. Grain
a. Gram
(Rationale: Gram is a measure of solids in the metric system. Grain is a measure of solids in the apothecary system. Liter is a measure of liquid in the metric system. A dram is a measure of solids in the apothecary system.)
A nurse is using the body surface area method to calculate a pediatric dosage. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to have that other methods of pediatric dosage calculation would not require?
a. Calculator
b. Child's age in months
c. Scale
d. Nomogram
d. Nomogram
(Rationale: To use the body surface area method, it is essential to have a nomogram available. A nomogram is only used in the body surface area method. A calculator would be needed for other dosage calculation methods as well as the body surface method. A scale would be needed for other dosage calculation methods as well as the body surface method. The child's age in months is not used in the body surface area method.)
The physician orders a patient to receive 1000 mL of intravenous fluid over the next 12 hours. The intravenous delivery system is a microdrip system delivering 60 gtt/mL. The nurse would set the infusion to run at which rate?
a. 32 gtt/minute
b. 83 gtt/minute
c. 120 gtt/minute
d. 42 gtt/minute
b. 83 gtt/minute
(Rationale: The nurse would set up the following ratio:
X = 1000 mL/12 hours x 60 gtt/mL
60 min/hours
Solving for X equals: 83 gtt/min.)
A nurse is reading an article that uses minims as the measurement. The nurse identifies this as belonging to which system of measurement?
a. Metric
b. Apothecary
c. Household
d. Avoirdupois
b. Apothecary
(Rationale: The apothecary system uses grains and minims as the units of measure. The metric system uses grams, meters, and liters as the basic units of measure. The avoirdupois system uses ounces and grains. The household system uses the teaspoon and pound as the units of measure.)
True or False: Dosage calculation skills are still necessary even if the institution where the nurse works provides unit-dose medications.
True
(Rationale: While unit-dose medications are provided, there will still be instances when calculations are needed to determine the correct dosage.)
True or False: Most drugs list the recommended pediatric dosage.
True
(Rationale: While you may occasionally encounter a drug with no recommended dose listed for a child, most medications prescribed for children have a recommended dose.)
A group of students are practicing pediatric dosage calculation using Clark's rule. Which information would the students need?
a. Child's age in months
b. Child's height in centimeters
c. Child's weight in pounds
d. Child's body surface area
c. Child's weight in pounds
(Rationale: Clark's rule requires knowledge of the child's weight in pounds, and the average adult dose. A child's height in centimeters is used to determine body surface area. Fried's rule requires that the infant's age in months be known. A child's body surface area is not used with Clark's rule.)
A child weighs 40 lb. The medication order reads: 0.5 mg/kg of body weight. The nurse would administer how much of the drug?
a. 22 mg
b. 88 mg
c. 176 mg
d. 9 mg
d. 9 mg
(Rationale: A child who weighs 40 lb weighs 18 kg [2.2 lb = 1 kg]. To determine the dosage, the nurse would set up the following ratio and proportion: 0.5 mg/1 kg = X mg/18 kg. Cross multiplying and solving for X: X= 18 x0.5 which equals 9 mg.)
True or False: All prescriptions are required to list the metric measure for quantity and strength of the drug.
True
(Rationale: The U.S. Pharmacopeia Convention established standards requiring that all prescriptions, regardless of the system that was used in drug dosing, include the metric measure for the quantity and strength of the drug and all drugs are dispensed using the metric system of measurement.)
A nurse needs to administer one ounce of fluid every hour. The nurse would give how many milliliters.
a. 90
b. 30
c. 120
d. 60
b. 30
(Rationale: One ounce of fluid is equivalent to 30 milliliters.)
A mother asks the nurse how much medicine she should give her daughter. The order is for 500 mg. The mother shows the nurse the label of the medication, which reads: 250 mg/mL. The nurse would instruct the mother to give how many milliliters?
a. 0.5 mL
b. 1 mL
c. 1.5 mL
d. 2 mL
d. 2 mL
(Rationale: The nurse would set up the following ratio and proportion: 250 mg/1 mL = 500 mg/X mL. Cross multiplying and solving for X: 250X = 500; X = 2 mL.)
A physician orders 15 milliliters of an antacid. The nurse interprets this to be equivalent to how many ounces?
a. 2 oz
b. 3 oz
c. 1 oz
d. 0.5 oz
d. 0.5 oz
(Rationale: Thirty milliliters is equivalent to one ounce, so 15 milliliters would be equivalent to one-half that amount, or 1/2 ounce. This can be calculates using the ratio and proportion method as 30 mL/1 oz = 15 mL/X oz; cross multiply yielding 30X = 15; divide both sides by 30 yielding X = 0.5 oz.) [Show Less]
