ATI Med Surg Practice Test A 2024 Questions And Answers.
A nurse is assessing a client who has acute cholecystitis. Which of the following findings is t... [Show More] he
nurse's priority?
C. Tachycardia
When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine
that the priority finding is tachycardia. Tachycardia is a manifestation of biliary colic,
which can lead to shock. The nurse should position the head of the client's bed flat and
report this finding immediately to the provider
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing hemodialysis to treat end-stage kidney disease
(ESKD). The client reports muscle cramps and a tingling sensation in their hands. Which of the
following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
D. Calcium carbonate
Hypocalcemia is a manifestation of ESKD and an adverse effect of dialysis. Often
occurring late in the dialysis session, hypocalcemia can cause the client to experience
muscle cramping and tingling to extremities. The nurse should plan to administer a
calcium supplement, such as calcium carbonate, as a calcium replacement.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a new
prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
A. "I will monitor my blood pressure while taking this medication"
Common side effect of epoetin alfa is hypertension
The client should monitor their blood pressure while taking this medication because
hypertension is a common adverse effect and can lead to hypertensive encephalopathy.
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should plan to make a referral to physical
therapy for which of the following clients?
A. A client who is receiving preoperative teaching for a right knee arthroplasty
The nurse should make a referral to physical therapy for a client who is receiving
preoperative teaching for a knee arthroplasty so the client can begin understanding
postoperative exercises and physical restrictions
A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a history of urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
D. Take daily cranberry supplements
ATI Med Surg Practice Test A 2024
Questions And Answers.
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The client should take cranberry supplements or drink low-fructose cranberry juice
because it contains compounds that adhere to the urinary tract wall, decreasing the risk
for developing a UTI
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new
prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
B. "I should take this medication with a meal."
The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve
absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A new bag is not
available when the current infusion is nearly completed. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take?
C. Administer dextrose 10% in water until the new bag arrives
TP solutions have a high concentration of dextrose. Therefore, if a TPN solution is
temporarily unavailable, the nurse should administer dextrose 10% or 20% in water to
avoid a precipitous drop in the client's blood glucose level.
A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the frequency of
migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches, which of the following
foods should the nurse recommend the client to avoid?
B. Aged cheese
Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine
headaches.
A nurse is preparing a client who has supraventricular tachycardia for elective cardioversion.
Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse instruct the client to withhold
for 48 hr prior to cardioversion?
C. Digoxin
There is an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias developing in patients taking
digoxin during electrical cardioversion. Reduce dosage or withhold therapy for 1 to 2
days before elective cardioversion
Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, are withheld prior to cardioversion. These
medications can increase ventricular irritability and put the client at risk for ventricular
fibrillation after the synchronized countershock of cardioversion
A nurse is caring for a client who has anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats, and a productive
cough. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
D. Initiate airborne precautions
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This client is exhibiting manifestations of tuberculosis. The greatest risk in this client
situation is for other people in the facility to acquire an airborne disease from this client.
Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate airborne precautions
A nurse is caring for a client who has a stage III pressure injury. Which of the following findings
contributes to delayed wound healing?
D. Urine output 25 mL/hr
Urinary output reflects fluid status. Inadequate urine output can indicate dehydration,
which can delay wound healing.
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema and is receiving mechanical ventilation. The
client appears anxious and restless, and the high-pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take first?
C. Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for them.
When providing client care, the nurse should first use the least restrictive
intervention. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to provide verbal
instructions and emotional support to help the client relax and allow the ventilator to
work. Clients can exhibit anxiety and restlessness when trying to "fight the ventilator."
A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatic encephalopathy that is being treated with lactulose.
The client is experiencing excessive stools. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect
of this medication?
A. Hypokalemia
Lactulose works by stimulating the production of excess stools to rid the body of excess
ammonia. These excessive stools can result in hypokalemia and dehydration.
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for
the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is
experiencing fluid volume deficit?
A. Heart rate 110/min
A client who has a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea is likely to have fluid volume
deficit and an elevated heart rate.
A nurse is caring for a client who has pancreatitis. The nurse should expect which of the
following laboratory results to be below the expected reference range?
D. Calcium
A client who has pancreatitis is expected to have decreased calcium and magnesium
levels due to fat necrosis.
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A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves' disease. Which of the following images should
indicate to the nurse that the client has exophthalmos?
D. The nurse should identify an outward protrusion of the eyes is exophthalmos a
common finding of graves disease.
An overproduction of the thyroid hormone causes edema of the extraocular muscle and
increases fatty tissue behind the eye, which results in the eyes protruding outward.
Exophthalmos can cause the client to experience problems with vision, including
focusing on objects, as well as pressure on the optic nerve.
A nurse is caring for a client who was just admitted from the emergency department (ED).
Exhibit 1:
Nurses' Notes
0945:
Client is experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Client states that they began experiencing pain
in the lower extremities 3 days ago and is now experiencing pain in the chest, rating it as
4 on scale of 0 to 10.
Oxygen at 3 L/min via nasal cannula in place.
Oral mucosa pink, no cyanosis.
Pulses palpable in all four extremities, no peripheral edema noted.
Respirations even and slightly labored; lung sounds with slight wheezing in left upper
lobe.
Abdomen soft and nontender, bowel sounds active in all four quadrants.
0.45% sodium chloride IV at 200 mL/hr infusing to left hand with no reports of pain or
swelling at the site.
1200:
Client is sitting up in high-Fowler's position and appears anxious. Client reports shortness
of breath and severe chest pain as 9 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client states that they have
started coughing and are expectorating pink-tinged mucus.
Lung sounds with increased wheezing in left lung and clear on the right side. Equal chest
expansion noted. Neck veins flat. No peripheral edema observed.
Exhibit 2:
Vital Signs
0945:
Blood pressure 132/88 mm Hg
Respiratory rate 22/min
Temperature 38° C (100° F)
Heart rate 98/min
SaO2 95% on 3 L/min via nasal cannula
1200:
Blood pressure 136/90 mm Hg
Respiratory rate 32/min
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Temperature 38.7° C (101.6° F)
Heart rate 110/min
SaO2 90% on 3 L/min via nasal cannula. [Show Less]
