Walden University BIOL 1001 Final Exam WEEK 6 – Question and Answers
Walden University BIOL 1001
Walden University BIOL 1001 Final Exam WEEK
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Walden University BIOL 1001 Final Exam WEEK 6 – Question and Answers (Correct Answers).
Correct Answers Displayed
Question 1
North America is currently experiencing an unprecedented and rapid loss of species. What is believed to be the main cause?
Correct Answer: d. Human activities
Question 2
Which of the following is not a form of evidence used in understanding the evolutionary relationship among living organisms?
Correct Answer: c. All of the above
Question 3
During cellular respiration, glucose is metabolized into the low-energy compounds carbon dioxide and water, while the rest of the energy released goes where?
Correct Answer: a. Into ATP
Question 4
Different versions of the same genes are called:
Correct Answer: a. Alleles
Question 5
During the 19th century, sea otters were hunted almost to the point of extinction. When the number of sea otters became very low, the ecosystem of kelp bed “forests” also declined. Scientists discovered that the sea otters were predators of sea urchins, which were, in turn, predators of the kelp. When sea otters declined, the sea urchin populations grew, destroying the kelp ecosystem and the many species that depended on it. It was then understood that sea otters were in this
ecosystem.
Correct Answer: d. a keystone species
Question 6
A particular Galápagos finch uses the sharp point of its beak to break open small nuts and the strength of its jaws to crack open larger nuts. When a breeding population is blown onto an island with a choice of either very small nuts or very large nuts, members of the group began to specialize, one group eating only very small or very large nuts, depending upon their beaks. Over time, two stable groups developed, each directed towards its specific niche. This is an example of:
Correct Answer: d. Diversifying selection
Question 7
You are trying to breed a heterozygote Rr rat and want to avoid homozygotes. Which of the following crosses would be your best choice?
Correct Answers: c. RR x rr
Question 8
Driving along a rural two-lane highway, you notice red-winged hawks perched on a tree approximately every mile or so. This pattern continues for quite a few miles. This is an example of a distribution.
Correct Answer: e. uniform
Question 9
Gametes fuse together during:
Correct Answer:
e. Fertilization
Question 10
Match each term in column 1 with its definition in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Metastasis c. When cancerous cells lose contact inhibition and begin to move around the body Translation d. When protein is assembled from the instructions in the genetic code
Angiogenesis a. When a tumor attracts and redirects blood vessels to keep it supplied with oxygen and nutrients Biopsy b. Retrieval and examination of tissue to determine whether cells are cancerous
Question 11
Which of the following is NOT likely to be an example of an evolutionary change in a population?
Correct Answer: d. An increase in the number of people diagnosed with colon cancer
Question 12
Which of the following is not a way in which fossil evidence supports the theory of common descent? The fossil record:
Correct Answer: c. Typically contains many complete bodies, so they are easy to classify
Question 13
Choose the false statement:
Correct Answer: e. All of the above statements are true. There are no false statements here.
Question 14
Which of the following statements about the greenhouse effect is false?
Correct Answer: a. Human behavior does not affect the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Question 15
In pea plants, the allele for purple flowers (P) is dominant to the allele (p) for white flowers. In a cross between a purple- flowered plant and a white-flowered plant, all 73 of the offspring plants had purple flowers. Which of the following most likely describes the cross above?
Correct Answer: b. PP x pp
Question 16
Which of the following facts is used to support the theory of evolution?
Correct Answer: e. All of the above.
Question 17
What aspect of DNA demonstrates the degree of relatedness between organisms? Choose the best answer.
Correct Answer: b. The order of bases along the DNA
Question 18
The actual carrying capacity of our planet may be lower than initially calculated because:
Correct Answer: d. Modern food production relies on nonrenewable resources
Question 19
The flexible characteristics of the cell membrane is referred to as:
Correct Answer: b. Fluid mosaic
Question 20
Which of the following is the proper equation for cell respiration?
Correct Answer: c. C6H12O6 +6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Question 21
Which statement is false?
Correct Answer: b. A mutated oncogene is a proto-oncogene.
Question 22
Data collected from the major fisheries of the world indicate that the stocks of big fish in the oceans have fallen by 90% since 1950. Ocean going tuna, swordfish, marlin, and large groundfish populations are at about 10% of their previous sizes. Due to industry expansion over the same period of time, the tonnage of fish caught in US fisheries has nearly doubled. The loss of large ocean going fish is most likely due to: (Choose the best answer)
Correct Answer: a. Overexploitation
Question 23
Which of the following statements is a testable scientific hypothesis?
Correct Answer: b. Eating fish reduces the chance of having a stroke.
Question 24
Consider a cell that underwent mitosis but not cytokinesis. The result would be:
Correct Answer: b. A cell with two nuclei
Question 25
Match each term in column 1 with its description in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Photosynthesis d. Process by which carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen Cellular respiration b. Process by which glucose and oxygen are converted to carbon dioxide and water Anaerobic respiration c. Process by which energy is released from carbohydrates without using oxygen Calvin cycle a. A process within photosynthesis
Question 26
Hemophilia is an x-linked recessive allele causing a blood disorder. If a man without hemophilia and a woman who is a carrier of the disease have a daughter, what are the chances that she will have hemophilia?
Correct Answer: c. 0%
Question 27
Table sugar (sucrose) belongs to which category of nutrients?
Correct Answer: c. Carbohydrates
Question 28
What would happen if a mutation created a new allele that decreased fitness?
Correct b.
Answer: The new allele would decrease the fitness of the individual that possessed it, and that individual would have few or no offspring.
Question 29
Which of the following are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic life via endosymbiosis?
Correct Answer: d. All of the above
Question 30
Diffusion is:
Correct d.
Answer: The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Question 31
Which statement is true?
Correct Answers: c. Somatic cells contain more DNA than egg cells
Question 32
Match each term in column 1 with its example in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Introduced d.
species A mammal brought to a region from another continent by settlers eats a variety of plants upon
which native species depend for food.
Habitat a.
Fragmentation A newly constructed freeway separates a large tract of brush and trees with a creek from the
neighboring natural forest.
Pollution c. The runoff of waste into a stream causes a fish kill. Overexploitation
b. A whale population plummets as a result of hunting.
Question 33
Which of the following is at the “bottom” of a trophic pyramid?
Correct Answer: e. Producers
Question 34
There have been mass extinctions experienced on a global scale before the current extinction epoch.
Correct Answer: b. five
Question 35
Match each macromolecule in column 1 with its description in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Nucleic acids c. Includes RNA
Carbohydrates b. Includes monosaccharides and polysaccharides
Lipids a. Includes phospholipids that are important to cell membrane function Proteins d. Includes enzymes, which help regulate a cell’s chemical reactions
Question 36
A cell uses energy to bring a substance inside the cell so that substance’s concentration inside the cell is higher than outside the cell. This is an example of:
Correct Answer: b. Active transport
Question 37
In a population, which individuals are most likely to survive and reproduce?
Correct Answer: d. The individuals who are best adapted to the environment
Question 38
Approximately how many people were on Earth in 1970, and how many are on Earth today?
Correct Answer: d. 4 billion, 7 billion
Question 39
The most important reason why one can see evolution in a population of mosquitoes more easily than one can see evolution in a population of squirrels is because mosquitoes:
Correct Answers: e. Have a shorter generation time
Question 40
The reactions of cellular respiration occur in the:
Correct Answer: e. Matrix of the mitochondria
Question 41
Which feature is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Correct Answer: a. DNA
Question 42
Which of the following threats to biodiversity today is not significantly related to human activities?
Correct Answer: e. None of the above. They are all related to human activities.
Question 43
Match each term in column 1 with its description in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Niche a. Role a species plays in an ecosystem
Community d. All individuals of all species living within an area of interest Mutualism c. Interaction between two organisms that benefit each other Food web b. Complex linkage among organisms of different niches
Question 44
Which of the following is a false statement about carbon and the carbon cycle?
Correct c.
Answer: There is a one-way flow of carbon from volcanoes to plants to herbivores to carnivores and, finally, to the atmosphere.
Question 45
Which two groups’ common ancestor would be found in more superficial strata?
Correct Answer: e. Animals and plants
Question 46
What is found when alleles among different human groups are analyzed?
Correct Answer: c. There are no race-specific alleles and no consistent patterns of allele frequencies.
Question 47
Pockets of air from Earth’s ancient atmosphere were frozen in the polar ice caps. Ice core data indicates that in the last 400,000 years, atmospheric CO2 never exceeded _. Today measurements indicate that the CO2 concentration is
________.
Correct Answer: b. 370 ppm; less than 370 ppm
Question 48
Which of the following variations could be subject to natural selection?
Correct c.
Answers: A hyena is born with a spotted fur pattern that allows it to hide in the grass better than its littermates.
Question 49
Huntington’s disease is caused by the allele H, which is completely dominant to the normal recessive allele h. Consider a couple where the man has the genotype Hh, and the woman has the genotype hh. What is the chance that their first child will develop Huntington’s disease?
Correct Answer: d. 50%
Question 50
A population of birch trees is present on the side of a mountain and is preyed upon by beetles that burrow into bark. Which of the following trees is most likely to be the most fit?
Correct Answer: c. A tree that has tougher bark
Question 51
Match each cell component in column 1 with its description in column 2.
Question Correct Match
Ribosome c. Translates genetic material into proteins
Lysosomes d. Contains enzymes that degrade proteins, carbohydrates, and fats Nucleus b. Contains DNA
Centriole a. Composed of microtubules and helps move chromosomes around during cell division
Question 52
Choose the best answer. The logic of natural selection predicts that a population of organisms will undergo evolution, if, and only if, the following condition(s) exist:
Correct Answer: e. Both a and b
Question 53
The sequence of events in the process of protein synthesis is usually:
Correct Answer: a. DNA → RNA → protein
Question 54
Evidence for evolution includes:
Correct Answer: e. All of the above
Question 55
Which of the following is NOT true of chromosomes?
Correct Answer:
a. Larger organisms have larger numbers of chromosomes.
Question 56
Cancer results when:
Correct Answer: a. Cells divide uncontrollably
Question 57
A scientific hypothesis has all of the following features EXCEPT that it is
Correct Answer: c. Able to be proven true
Question 58
All of the following experiments would be considered an ecological study EXCEPT the effect of a:
Correct Answer: e. Hormone on the rate of blood vessel formation
Question 59
How does the rate of extinction today compare to the rates in the past?
Correct b.
Answer: The rate today is about fifty times greater than what it has been, on average, in the fossil record.
Question 60
Which of the following is the most direct (or first) result of natural selection on a population?
Correct Answer: b. The frequency of some alleles changes.
Question 61
Which of the following is the most important reason for preservation of unused species, such as Mexican teosinte (Zea diploperennis), important in the context of human welfare?
Correct a.
Answer: Genes from species such as Z. diploperennis can be used to help protect our food crops from low genetic variability.
Question 62
Which of the following is the correct sequence of how an animal is “built”?
Correct Answer: b. meiosis → fertilization → zygote → embryo
Question 63
Trisomy 13, Trisomy 21, and XXY conditions are:
Correct Answer: d. Chromosomal abnormalities
Question 64
The proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body are called:
Correct Answer: E. Enzymes
Question 65
Having a statistically significant result means:
Correct Answer: a. The results are not likely due to chance
Question 66
During , parent cells produce gametes.
Correct Answer: a. meiosis
Question 67
Which of the following is not an anthropogenic (human-caused) phenomena threatening biodiversity today?
Correct Answer: e. None of the above; they are all anthropogenic threats to biodiversity
Question 68
Due to the fact that they are a friendly species that floats when they are killed, North American right whales were considered the “right whales” to hunt. They were hunted to the brink of extinction. At some point in the beginning of the 20th century, there were only three reproducing females left. With protection, the population has rebounded to 400 individuals, and all are thought to be descendants of those females. As a result, this species is vulnerable because of:
Correct Answer: b. Inability to respond to environmental change due to lack of genetic variability
Question 69
Consider an experiment in which subjects are given a pill to test its effectiveness on reducing the duration of a cold. Which of the following is the best way to treat the control group? (Choose the best answer.)
Correct a.
Answer: Give the control group a pill that does not affect the duration of colds but do not explain this fact to them.
Question 70
The current rapid loss of species is sometimes called the sixth mass extinction. This increase in extinction rate beyond background extinction is thought to be due to:
Correct Answer: d. Human population growth and the resulting habitat changes worldwide
Saturday, May 20, 2017 12:43:47 AM EDT
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