ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam | ATI Proctored
Nutrition A
Foods high in potassium: Answer - apricots
bananas
potatoes
tomatoes
avocado
fish
spin
... [Show More] ach
beans
A nurse is reinforcing diet teaching to a client who has type 2 DM. Which of the
following should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
A. Carbs should comprise 55% of daily caloric intake
B. Use hydrogenated oils for cooking
C. Table sugar may be added to cereals
D. Drink an alcoholic beverage w/meals
E. Protein foods can be substituted for carb foods Answer - A, C, D
Not B-hydrogenated oils contain trans fatty acids & cause hyperlipidemia
Not E-carbs can be exchanged but not w/proteins
A nurse is reviewing dietary guidelines to include in the plan of care for a client who
has type 2 DM. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse include? Select all
that apply.
A. Weight management
B. Lipid profile
C. Cultural needs
D. Sleep patterns
E. Personal preferences Answer - A, B, C, E
To avoid hypoglycemia, the client should consume alcohol... Answer - with a
meal or immediately after a meal
_______________can be included in a diabetic diet as long as adequate insulin or other
agents are provided to cover the sugar intake. Answer - Sucrose (table sugar)
The nurse should instruct the diabetic client that their intake of carbohydrates
should be ___to___% of total daily caloric intake. Answer - 45-60%
The lacto-ovo vegetarian diet includes: Answer - dairy products and eggs
A nurse is teaching a client measures for healthy bones. Which of the following
statements by the client requires additional teaching?
A. "I will eat foods high in calcium."
B. "I will increase my fluid intake."
C. "I should participate in weight bearing exercises."
D. "I should get my vitamin D from the sunlight." Answer - B.
increasing fluid does not promote healthy bones
A nurse is conducting a nutritional class to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which
of the following should be included in the teaching?
A. Limit saturated fat to 10% of total caloric intake.
B. Good bowel function requires 35 g/day of fiber for women.
C. Limit cholesterol consumption to 400 mg/day
D. Normal functioning cardiac systems depends on B-complex vitamins Answer -
A
A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for normal functioning of the nervous
system. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? Select all that
apply.
A. Calcium
B. Thiamin
C. Vitamin B6
D. Sodium
E. Phosphorus Answer - A, B, C, D
A school nurse is teaching a group of students how to read food labels. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
A. Total carbohydrates
B. Total fat
C. Calories
D. Magnesium
E. Dietary fiber Answer - A, B, C, E
Normal functioning of the nervous system depends on adequate levels of the Bcomplex vitamins, especially:
and also adequate levels of ____and _____for regulators of nerve responses.
Answer - thiamin, niacin, vitamin B6 and B12
calcium and sodium
normal BMI: Answer - 18.5-24.9
obesity BMI is classified as: Answer - BMI greater than or equal to 30
Basic food choices for kosher, orthodox Judaism diets: Answer - -meat
-no mixing meat and diary (cheeseburger)
-no pork or shellfish
-fish must have scales & fins to be kosher
A client who follows seventh-day Adventist dietary laws will eat a strict:
They also avoid: Answer - vegetarian diet, some are lacto-ovo, some are vegan.
they avoid alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated beverages.
A nurse is teaching a client who has cancer about appropriate food choices. The
nurse determines that the client understands the information when she chooses
which of the following snacks? Select all that apply.
A. Peanut butter sandwich on whole wheat bread w/2% milk
B. Popcorn w/soda
C. Yogurt topped w/granola & a banana
D. Meat lasagna w/buttered garlic bread
E. Plain baked potato Answer - A, C, D
Three complications of TPN: Answer - Diarrhea
Polyuria
Hypocalciumia
What has more calcium yogurt or cheese? Answer - yogurt
Niacin is found in sources such as: Answer - Beef liver
nuts
legumes
whole-grain enriched breads and cereals
Two medications may be added to PN solutions however administering any IV
medication through a PN IV line or port is contraindicated. What are the two
medications? Answer - Heparin and insulin
Expected reference range for pre-albumin: Answer - 23-43
Which of the following food choices is appropriate for a pt. with GERD? Select all
that apply.
A. Baked salmon
B. Skim milk
C. Orange juice
D. Decaffeinated tea
E. Eggs and salsa Answer - A, B, D
For which disease/condition would the nurse teach the client about a gluten-free
diet?
A. A 54 year old man with pancreatitis.
B. A 32 year old woman with celiac disease.
C. A 22 year old man with diverticulitis.
D. A 76 year old woman with breast cancer. Answer - B.
Celiac disease is also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE), celiac sprue,
and gluten intolerance. It is chronic & hereditary and the client should be instructed
to avoid gluten.
Foods/beverages that are gluten-free include: (select all that apply)
A. Milk, cheese, dairy products
B. Beer
C. Fried Eggs
D. Baked potatoes
E. Fruits and vegetables
F. Whole wheat bread Answer - A, C, D, E
A patient who has celiac disease should increase intake of what? Answer -
simple carbohydrates (fruits, veggies, milk, etc.)
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new diagnosis of celiac
disease. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates a need for
further teaching?
A. Potatoes
B. Graham crackers
C. Wild rice
D. Canned pears Answer - B.
Graham crackers are made from wheat flour
All others are gluten-free
A client with what disease will be instructed to avoid foods with seeds or husks
(corn, popcorn, berries, tomatoes)? Answer - diverticular
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who reports constipation & has a
prescription for a high-fiber, low-fat diet. Which of the following food choices by the
client indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. Peanut butter
B. Peeled apples
C. Hardboiled egg
D. Brown rice Answer - D
A nurse is caring for a client post appy. The nurse verifies the postop prescription,
which reads "discontinue NPO status; advance diet as tolerated." Which of the
following are appropriate for the nurse to offer the client? Select all that apply.
A. Applesauce
B. Chicken broth
C. Sherbet
D. Wheat toast
E. Cranberry juice Answer - B, E
A client postop will be on a clear liquid diet following surgery to transition as
tolerated back to normal diet. Cranberry juice and chicken broth are clear liquid
selections.
A nurse is caring for a client who is on a full liquid diet due to dysphagia. Which of
the following nursing actions is the highest priority?
A. Add thickener to liquids.
B. Educate the client about acceptable liquids.
C. Perform a calorie count of consumed liquids.
D. Offer high-protein liquid supplements. Answer - A. Add thickener to liquids
this is highest priority to reduce the risk of aspiration
A nurse is performing dietary needs assessments for a group of clients. A
blenderized liquid diet is appropriate for which of the following clients? Select all
that apply.
A. A client who has a wired jaw due to an MVA
B. A client who is 24 hr postop following temporomandibular joint repair
C. A client who has difficulty chewing due to a traumatic brain injury
D. A client who has hypercholesterolemia due to CAD
E. A client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy the next morning Answer - A, B,
C
A nurse is assessing a client who is postop following a colon resection. Which of the
following findings indicates that the client is ready to transition from NPO to oral
intake?
A. Client report of hunger
B. Urinary output exceeding 30 mL/hr
C. Decrease in incisional pain
D. Passage of flatus Answer - D
A nurse is assisting a client who has a prescription for a mechanical soft diet w/food
selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the client? Select all
that apply.
A. Dried prunes
B. Ground turkey
C. Mashed carrots
D. Fresh strawberries
E. Cottage cheese Answer - B, C, E
A nurse is teaching a client who is undergoing cancer treatment about interventions
to manage stomatitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will try chewing larger pieces of food."
B. "I will avoid toasting my bread."
C. "I will consume more food in the morning."
D. "I will add more citrus foods to my diet." Answer - B.
Dry, coarse foods can increase the incidence/risk of stomatitis
Which of the following food choices by a client undergoing chemotherapy with
presence of stomatitis indicates a need for further teaching?
A. Small pieces of bananas
B. Cut up fresh orange & pineapple slices
C. Yogurt with granola
D. Meat lasagna Answer - B
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following is an
appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Offer crackers & cheese
B. Encourage sucking on 8 hard candies
C. Provide 8 oz of regular soda
D. Give juice w/table sugar Answer - B
Which of the following are appropriate dietary choices for a client with cholecystitis?
Select all that apply.
A. Baked lightly-seasoned tilapia
B. Buttered steamed broccoli
C. Skim or 1% low fat milk
D. Whole wheat toast
E. Pasta with cream sauce and onions Answer - A, C
Patients with gallstones, also known as cholecystitis, should avoid what in their diet?
Answer - FAT
A nurse is planning for an older adult client who is receiving treatment for
malnutrition. The client is scheduled for discharge to his home where he lives alone.
Which of the following actions are appropriate to include in the plan of care? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Consult social services to arrange home meal delivery
B. Encourage the client to purchase nonperishable boxed meals
C. Advise the client to purchase frozen fruits/veggies
D. Recommend drinking a supplement between meals
E. Educate the client on how to read nutrition labels Answer - A, C, D, E
Older adult clients will need more _____and vitamin ___to help maintain bone health.
The may also be instructed to increase ____in their diet. Answer - calcium and
vitamin D
increase fiber
Older adults have decreased absorption of what three nutrients? Answer - 1.
Vitamin B12
2. Folic acid
3. Calcium
The soft diet is also known as the bland, low fiber diet and contains foods such as:
Answer - Whole foods that are low in fiber, lightly seasoned and easily digested.
Is it safe to take antibiotics while breastfeeding? Answer - Yes, PO antibiotics
are safe. Notify provider and finish entire course to reduce risk of reoccurence.
There is a slight transfer between breast milk though.
Food interactions with MAOIs include: Answer - tyramine-rich foods
caffiene foods/beverages
A nurse is providing follow-up dietary teaching for a client who recently was
prescribed phenelzine (Nardil). When reviewing the client's dietary log, which of the
following foods requires a need for further teaching?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Banana bread
C. Apple pie
D. Grilled steak Answer - B
Intermittent tube feeding formula set rate: Answer - administered every 4-6 hr
in equal portions of 200-300 mL over a 30-60 min time frame, usually by gravity
drip
Which type of tube feeding is often used in noncritical clients, home tube feedings,
and clients in rehabilitation? Answer - intermittent tube feeding
What should the head of the bed be elevated at for tube feedings and for how long?
Answer - HOB at least 30 degrees and for during and after for 30-60 min to
prevent aspiration risk
How often should you obtain gastric residuals for a client receiving tube feedings?
Answer - every 4-6 hrs
When beginning a new prescription for enteral nutrition by intermittent tube feeding
how should you first initiate this feeding? Answer - Increase the formula over
the first 4 to 6 feedings until the prescribed volume is achieved
A nurse is preparing to administer intermittent enteral feeding to a client who has
neuromuscular disorder. Which of the following are appropriate nursing
interventions? Select all that apply.
A. Fill the feeding bag w/24 hr worth of formula
B. Discard irrigation equipment after 24 hr
C. Leave unused portions of formula at the bedside
D. Label the unused portion of the formula
E. Replace administration tubing & feeding bag every 48 hr Answer - B, D, E
Teach parents that they may switch their child to skim or 1% low fat milk after...
Answer - 2 years of age
A nurse is teaching a client who has pre-stage chronic kidney disease about dietary
management. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
instructions?
A. Restrict protein intake
B. Maintain a high-phosphorus diet
C. Increase intake of foods high in potassium
D. Limit dairy products to 1 cup per day Answer - A
Major sources of dietary potassium (K): Answer - oranges
dried fruits
tomatoes
avocados
dried peas
meats
broccoli
bananas
Major sources of dietary chloride (Cl): Answer - table salt
Major sources of dietary calcium (Ca): Answer - dairy
broccoli
kale
grains
egg yolks
Major sources of dietary magnesium (Mg): Answer - green leafy vegetables
nuts
grains
meat
milk
Major sources of dietary phosphorus (P): Answer - dairy
peas
soft drinks
meat
eggs
some grains
Major sources of dietary sulfur (S): Answer - dried fruits
meats
red and white wines
Major diet sources of vitamin A: Answer - orange/yellow colored foods
liver
dairy
Major diet sources of vitamin D Answer - fish
fortified dairy products
sunlight
Major diet sources of vitamin E Answer - vegetable oils
grains
nuts
dark green vegetables
Major diet sources of vitamin K Answer - green leafy vegetables
eggs
liver
Major sources of vitamin C Answer - citrus fruits and juices
vegetables
Major sources of Thiamin (B1) Answer - meats
grains
legumes
Major sources of riboflavin (B2) Answer - milk
meats
green leafy vegetables
Major sources of niacin (B3) Answer - liver
nuts
legumes
Major sources of pantothenic acid (B5) Answer - organ meats
egg yolk
avocados
broccoli
Major sources of pyridoxine (B6) Answer - organ meats
grains
Major sources of folate Answer - liver
green leafy vegetables
grains
legumes
Major sources of cobalamin (B12) Answer - organ meats
clams
oysters
grains
Examples of high fiber foods: Answer - lentils
lima beans
black beans
artichokes
brussel sprouts
broccoli
raspberries & blackberries
avocados
pears
bran
whole wheat pasta
oatmeal
split peas
LDL expected range: Answer - less than 130
HDL expected range Answer - 35-80 females
35-65 males
A client with fluid volume excess will have what expected lab values? Answer -
increased Hct
increased or decreased serum electrolytes
increased protein
decreased aldosterone
increased excretion of sodium
increased natriuretic peptides
decreased BUN & creatinine
decreased PaCO2
increased pH
Manifestations of hypoglycemia: Answer - mild shakiness
mental confusion
sweating
palpitations
headache
lack of coordination
blurred vision
seizures
coma
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings
should the nurse expect?
A. Fruity breath odor
B. Diaphoresis
C. Vomiting
D. Polyuria Answer - B
Decreased sodium s/s: Answer - confusion
headache
nausea
dizzy
abdominal cramping [Show Less]
