PHARMACOLOGY KAPLAN INTEGRATED ACTUAL EXAM 2023-2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES.
The nurse prepares to administer digoxin 0.01 mg/kg
... [Show More] PO to a 2-month-old infant. The infant weighs 5 kg.The sleeping infant's apical pulse is 70 bpm. The nurse takes which most appropriate action? - CORRECT ANSWER - Withholds the medication and notifies the health care provider immediately.
Digoxin belongs to the class of medicines called digitalis glycosides. It is used to improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat. This leads to better blood circulation and reduced swelling of the hands and ankles in patients with heart problems.. It is used to treat congestive heart failure, usually in combination with a diuretic (water pill) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is also used to treat a heart rhythm problem called atrial fibrillation.
What is a normal apical pulse for an infant?
newborn: 100-170 bpm. 6 months to 1 year: 90-130 bpm. 2 to 3 years: 80-120 bpm. 4 to 5 years: 70-110 bpm.
The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease. The client received cyclophosphamide. Which laboratory value does the nurse report to the healthcare provider? - CORRECT ANSWER - Platelets 40,000 mm3 (40x10^9/L)
A normal platelet count in adults ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood.
Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. In Hodgkin's lymphoma, white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control, causing swollen lymph nodes and growths throughout the body.
Cyclophosphamide is used to treat cancer of the ovaries, breast, blood and lymph system, and nerves (mainly in children). Cyclophosphamide is also used for retinoblastoma (a type of eye cancer mainly in children), multiple myeloma (cancer in the bone marrow), and mycosis fungoides (tumors on the skin). It belongs to the group of cancer medicines called alkylating agents.
Cyclophosphamide is also used for some kinds of kidney disease.
Cyclophosphamide interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are then destroyed by the body. Since the growth of normal body cells may also be affected by cyclophosphamide, other effects will also occur. Some of these may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects, like hair loss, may not be serious but may cause concern. Some effects may not occur for months or years after the medicine is used.
The nurse instructs a client who is to take rifampin. The nursing informs the client that which adverse effect may occur? - CORRECT ANSWER - Orange-colored urine
Rifampin is used together with other medicines to treat tuberculosis (TB) in many different parts of the body. It is also used by patients who have meningitis bacteria in their nose or throat who do not show symptoms of the infection to prevent the spread of the bacteria to other patients. Rifampin is in a class of medications called antimycobacterials. It works by killing the bacteria that cause infection. Antibiotics such as rifampin will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
What is the major adverse effect of rifabutin?
Rifabutin may cause side effects. Skin, tears, saliva, sweat, urine, and stools may turn brown-orange; this side effect is normal and will stop [Show Less]