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NURS 5434 / NURS5434 CAD & Lipids Module 3 Exam – Family III (FNP 3) 2026/ 2027 | UTA Latest Update | Practice Questions & Verified Answers

Name: NURS 5434 / NURS5434 CAD & Lipids Module 3 Exam – Family III (FNP 3) 2026/ 2027 | UTA Latest Update | Practice Questions & Verified Answers
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NURS 5434 / NURS5434 CAD & Lipids Module 3 Exam – Family III (FNP 3) 2026/ 2027 | UTA Latest Update | Practice Questions & Verified Answers Q: T/F ... [Show More] : In the US, more men than women die of CVD (cardiovascular disease) Answer False Q: In US women, what is the approximate ratio of deaths caused by CVD (cardiovascular disease)? Answer 1 in 5 Q: 75% of myocardial infarctions occur due to rupture of plaques in blood vessels that are ___ occluded. Answer Less than 50% Q: Stress tests do not identify obstruction until a ___ lesion is present. Answer 70-75% https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Q: A plaque is unstable due to ___. Answer Inflammation Q: Statins ___ & ___ plaques, especially at the lesion shoulders (outside borders or edges of vessels) Answer Stabilize & harden Q: T/F: Hardened plaques are much less likely to rupture Answer True, they are stabilized Q: What interventions decrease inflammation? Answer SWAME - Smoking cessation - Weight loss - ASA -MUFAs (mono-unsaturated fatty acids, like Omega-3s) - Exercise https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Q: How many distinct families of coronary lesions are there? Answer 1. Severe obstruction 2. Mild obstruction Q: Coronary Lesions: What are the characteristics of severe obstruction? Answer - Angina - May never rupture Q: Coronary Lesions: What are the characteristics of mild obstruction? Answer - No angina - Unstable or soft plaques that are likely to rupture Q: What is the definition of dyslipidemia? Answer An excessive accumulation of one or more of the major lipids transported in plasma (LDL and/or TGs), or a decrease in HDL Q: Modifiable Risk Factors for CHD: Describe dyslipidemia Answer - Raised LDL https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 - Low HDL - Raised TGs Q: Modifiable Risk Factors for CHD: Name 8 other RFs Answer SHODDDTS 1. Smoking 2. HT (Hypertension) 3. Obesity 4. DM (diabetes mellitus) 5. Dyslipidemia(raised LDL, Low HDL, raised TGS 6.Dietary factors 7. Thrombogenic factors 8. Sedentary lifestyle Q: Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for CHD: Age Answer Males aged 45 or older Females aged 55 or older https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Q: Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for CHD: Gender Answer Males tend to be higher risk than females Q: Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for CHD: Describe Family History of Premature CHD Answer When a first degree relative have a definite MI or sudden death in males younger than 55 and females younger than 65 Q: What are people starting to call a sedentary lifestyle in reference to health? Answer Sedentary death sentence Q: What is your goal as an NP in regards to CVD? Answer Reduce and/or prevent CVD NOTE: Treatment to no longer just management of cholesterol, a global treatment is recommended https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Q: According to the new perspective on lipid goals, what trial evidence shocked the medical community? Answer No RCT (clinical trials) evidence to support continued use of LDL targets Q: According to the new perspective on lipid goals, what should evaluation/treatment be geared to? Answer Global risk assessment for ASCVD (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease) Q: How many statin benefit groups are there? Answer 4 Q: What are the four statin benefit groups? Answer 1. Established ASCVD 2. LDL greater than 190 mg/dL 3. Diabetic patients aged 40-75 4. 10-year ASCVD risk greater than 7.5% Q: what group(s) of people are excluded from the four statin benefit groups? Answer https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Patients with heart failure symptoms or those on dialysis What is the LDL-C reduction goal for high-intensity statin drugs? Answer Greater than 50% What is the LDL-C reduction goal for moderate-intensity statin drugs? Answer 30-50% What is the LDL-C reduction goal for low-intensity statin drugs? Answer Less than 30% What are the two high-intensity statin drugs and their dosing? Answer - Atorvastatin 80mg - Rosuvastatin 20mg Group 1 - Established ASCVD: What is the first choice of therapy? Answer High-intensity for patient less than 75 years, moderate-intensity for patient than 75 years https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Group 1 - Established ASCVD: What is the second choice of therapy? Moderate-intensity for patients less than 75 years, Individualized therapy for patient more than 75 years Group 2 - Hyperlipidemia: What should be considered when treating this group? Discover the cause of the hyperlipidemia. If the cause (ex: diet, drugs, disease, etc.) can be determined and corrected, statin therapy may not be needed Group 2 - Hyperlipidemia: If a patient also has elevated TGs (triglycerides), what may be the cause? Excessive alcohol intake Group 2 - Hyperlipidemia: If a patient has FH (familial hyperlipidemia) what evaluations should be done? Evaluation of family for hyperlipidemia, especially patient's children, parents, and grandparents Group 2 - Hyperlipidemia: What is a reasonable starting treatment? High-intensity statin Group 3 - Patients with diabetes aged 40-75: What is the guideline for treatment recommended by the ADA Standard of Care Moderate-intensity statin treatment to all diabetic patients regardless of baseline LDL-C Group 3 - Patients with diabetes aged 40-75: If the patient also has a 10 year ASCVD risk of greater than 7.5%, what should the treatment be? https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 High-intensity statin Group 4 - 10 year ASCVD Risk greater than 7.5%: What treatment should be recommended? Moderate- to high-intensity statin, depending on risk factors If a patient has a a 10 year ASCVD Risk of 5-7.5%, what can be recommended? Moderate-intensity statin if the patient has other risk factors What are the specifics used in the new risk calculator for 10 year CVD risk? - Gender - Race - Ages 40-80 If a patient has a low risk score, how often should they be reassessed for a new score? 4-6 years When should a patient follow up and be tested after starting statin therapy? 6-12 weeks to repeat lipid test to monitor adherence How often should lipid testing be done thereafter? 3-12 months (although not necessary if med complaint) https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 Fibrates: What should be remembered with Gemfibrozil? NEVER give it with a statin, can be life-threatening(affects statin pathway) Fibrates: What should be remembered with Fenofibrate? Should not be used in patients with GFR less than 30 mL/min Fibrates: When can Fenofibrate be considered for therapy? If the patient is already using low- or moderate-intensity statins New Therapy - PCSK9: What are two drugs in this category? - Alirocumab - Evolocumab What are some positives of therapy with Alirocumab or Evolocumab? - Lower LDL - CV events lowered by nearly 50% What are some negatives of therapy with Alirocumab or Evolocumab? - Very expensive - Only available in SQ injectable What are some unknowns of therapy with Alirocumab or Evolocumab? Further research needed to assess effects on global risk https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 2018 Guidlines - Group 1 ASCVD has been split into subgroups, what are they? - Very high risk - High risk Group 1 - ASCVD High Risk: What is the treatment? Ezetimibe in addition to high-intensity statin therapy Group 1 - ASCVD Very High Risk: What is the treatment? PCSK9 medication in addition to Ezetimibe and high-intensity therapy What factors determine if a patient is a High Risk vs Very High Risk? High risk - After high-intensity statin therapy, the LDL is greater than 70 or there is less than 50% drop Very high risk - After high-intensity statin therapy and addition of Ezetimibe, the LDL is greater than 70 Non-modifiable risk factors of ASCVD - Age: males over 45 and females over 55 - Sex - Family hx of premature CHD: Males less than 55 and females less than 65 - Definite MI or sudden death True or false Fibrates are a replacement for statin https://www.stuvia.com/user/quizbit07 False (Fibrates are NOT a replacement treatment for statins!!!) What are SAMS Statin Associated Muscle Symptoms(SAMS)-Muscle symptoms reported during statin therapy but not necessarily caused by the statin What is Myalgia ? Muscle pain or aches What is Myopathy? Unexplained muscle pain or weakness accompanied by CK concentration >10 timesULN What is Rhabdomyolysis ? Severe form of myopathy, with CK typically >40times ULN, which can cause myoglobinuria and acute renal failureCK What are examples of Lipophilic statins (Fat loving statins) [Show Less]

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