Musculoskeletal:
types of fractures;
1. The health care professional is caring for a person who has a pathologic fracture. The patient asks the prof
... [Show More] essional to explain the condition. What response by the professional is best?
a. The outer surface of the bone is disrupted, but the inside is intact.
b. A stable fracture where the cortex of the bone bends but doesn’t break.
c. A fracture that happens at the site of an abnormality already in that bone.
d. It was caused by the cumulative effects of stress on the bone over time.
ANS: C A pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force that would not fracture a normal bone. A greenstick fracture is one in which the outer surface is disrupted but the inside in intact. The stable fracture with a bent but not broken cortex is a torus fracture. Cumulative stress results in stress fractures.2.
2. A health care professional is providing education to a group of seasonal athletes. What type of fracture does the professional warn them to avoid?
a. Stress
b. Greenstick
c. Insufficiency
d. Pathologic
ANS: A A stress fracture occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subjected to repeated stress, such as repetitive and strenuous activities that occur during athletics. A greenstick fracture is one in which the outer surface of the bone is disrupted but the interior is intact. Insufficiency fractures are seen in osteoporosis and osteomalacia. A pathologic fracture is one that occurs from force that would not usually break a bone. There is usually an underlying lesion or abnormality at the site of the fracture.
3. Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in which outcome after cast removal?
a. The muscles around the fracture site are weak.
b. The fracture requires 6 to 8 weeks of physical therapy.
c. The skin under the cast is dry and flaky.
d. The bone is not straight.
ANS: D Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured bone may result in nonunion, delayed union, or malunion. Malunion is the healing of a bone in a nonanatomic position that could result in the bone not being straight. The other options are normal occurrences.
4. What is the tear in a ligament referred to as?
a. Fracture
b. Strain
c. Disunion
d. Sprain
ANS: D Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. A fracture is a break in a bone. A strain is an injury to a tendon or muscle. Disunion is when bones do not heal together properly after a fracture. [Show Less]