NR 505 Week 7 Data Collection, Analysis, Dissemination of Results and Conclusion Complete Solution
Complementary Integrative Interventions in the
... [Show More] Management of Chronic Pain
As a future family nurse practitioner (FNP), one should be concerned with the current management of chronic pain within the primary healthcare setting. Chronic pain is currently one of the most frequent reasons that adults in the United States seek primary health care (Dahlhamer et al., 2018). Internationally chronic pain is the foremost cause of disability (Hadi, Alldred, Briggs, Marczewski, & Closs, 2017). An estimated that 25.3 million Americans suffer from chronic pain and individuals who report severe pain are more likely to experience overall poorer health (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 2015). Current management of chronic pain is not sufficient. According to Hadi et al., (2017) individuals that suffer from a diagnosis of chronic pain are more likely to experience stress, anxiety, and depression — further stating that chronic pain can lead to absenteeism from work, sedentary lifestyles and eventually has the potential to subsequently affect relationships thereby affecting all aspects of one’s life. However, according to Mao & Duesk (2016) recent evidence suggests that the use of complementary integrative health therapies can improve quality of life and function as well as to decrease the perception of pain. Complementary integrative health includes alternative modalities such as acupuncture, massage, yoga, as well as mindfulness-based stress reduction. Attempting to manage pain alone is not adequate; it is essential to treat the patient as a complete and unique individual looking into all aspects of living well. However, Satori & Heidemann (2017) found that healthcare providers are reluctant to enlist complementary integrative alternative forms of interventions and therapies. These facts have driven the development of the PICO question; In adult patients with chronic pain, how does the implementation of complementary integrative interventions, compared to traditional narcotic pain management affect patients pain levels and quality of life?
Data Collection
To answer the PICO question; In adult patients with chronic pain, how does the implementation of complementary integrative interventions, compared to traditional narcotic pain management affect patients pain levels and quality of life? In this randomized control trial study, there will be two separate groups of patients with the diagnosis of chronic pain from the Bons Secour primary care clinic. The patients will be randomly selected; one group will be the intervention group receiving complementary integrative therapies (CIT), as well as instruction and education for continued therapies at home and one will be the control group receiving care as usual. Data collection points include that the data will be collected from every participant at the beginning, at the mid-way point, at the end, and one month after the study. The study will take place over six months. The data collection process will be using self-reporting numerical surveys and questionnaires to evaluate the patient's pain levels and quality of life in relation to their diagnosis of chronic pain and the use of CITs. Self-reporting numeric ratings can be used to measure the subjects pain levels and quality of life on a 0 to 10 scale. Benefits of self-reporting surveys are that a large sample of participants can be used for research and data collection easily and it is time and cost efficient (Ponto, 2015). The surveys and questionnaires will be sent to the participants through electronic mail. The results will then be entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The researcher and assistant will be thoroughly trained and have expertise in data entry and Microsoft Excel to ensure the accuracy of the information being entered. According to Chen, Hailey, Wang & Yu (2014) quality of data refers to factors such as accuracy, completeness, reliability, and relevance. To further enhance the quality of data being collected follow up phone calls will be made to any participant that had not completed their survey or questionnaire within five days of receipt to request that it be completed and submitted. According to Chen et al., (2014) the more participation ensures a clearer picture of the data and representation of the population and intervention being studied.
Analysis
An essential part of analyzing the data will be the application of descriptive statistics to explain the characteristics of the sample in the study. According to Ali & Bhaskar (2016), descriptive statistics gives a summary of data collected in the form of mean, median, and mode; it describes the relationship between the variable and a specific population in a study. Descriptive data is a way of organizing and summarizing data so that is can be easily understood. From data collected from the surveys and the questionnaires in this study, knowledge can be gained on the percentage of participants that have perceived benefits from CIT versus care as usual for the treatment and management of chronic pain. By using descriptive statistics, the data can be categorized based on the respondent's age, gender, education level and socioeconomic status to provide a clearer picture of to which patients with chronic pain are more likely actually to implement the CIT interventions versus traditional pain management.
Inferential statistics is when a random sample of data are used to make generalizations about a larger population (Ali & Bhaskar, 2016). The t-test model is one type of inferential statistics that will be imperative for comparing the difference between groups; those receiving CITs and those receiving care as usual. A t-test is used to indicate whether or not there is a significant difference between the means of two groups; it is a hypothesis testing tool (Ali & Bhaskar, 2016) Through careful and consistent analysis of the data the PICO question can be answered. [Show Less]