According to the SCOFF eating disorder assessment, what is the minimum number of positive answers which might indicate an eating disorder?
A. 1
B.
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C. 3
D. 5 - ANSWER-B. 2
Vitamin B9 - ANSWER-Folic Acid (Folate)
According to the scope of practice for a Nutrition Coach, which is an example of an appropriate resource for determining daily caloric intake?
a. ADA calculations based on age, gender, and activity level
b. The Nutrition Coach cannot assist with daily caloric intake.
c. Body type and cultural preferences
d. Dietary Guidelines for Americans - ANSWER-d. Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Which term describes how a body of knowledge is based on observation and experience?
a. Reliable
b. Repeatable
c. Empirical
d. Falsifiable - ANSWER-c. Empirical
Scientists find that a protein supplement increases lean mass in the elderly. However, they caution that the results may not apply to other populations, like younger people. What term best describes what the scientists are referring to?
a. Reliability
b. External validity
c. Test-retest reliability
d. Selection bias - ANSWER-b. External validity
Scientists gather 20 studies looking at the relationship between protein intake and lean body mass, and then they statistically analyze them together as a group. What type of study is this?
a. Narrative review
b. Meta-analysis
c. Randomized controlled trials
d. Observational research - ANSWER-b. Meta-analysis
This is research in which a researcher observes ongoing behaviors to determine correlation.
Prediction - ANSWER-an expected outcome generate from a hypothesis
Theory - ANSWER-a hypothesis or set of hypotheses for which a large body of high-quality evidence has been accumulated
Hypothesis - ANSWER-a proposed explanation for a problem or set of observations
Anecdote - ANSWER-an account of a person's experience or event
Uncontrolled variable - ANSWER-a variable in an experiment that a scientist makes no effort to manipulate or account for
Primary Research - ANSWER-original research where scientists perform experiments and collect data
Observational Research - ANSWER-research in which a researcher observes ongoing behaviors to determine correlation
Randomized Control Trials - ANSWER-divided people into 2 or more groups randomly
1 - intervention to be tested
2 - control group
independent variable - ANSWER-variable that is manipulated
External Validity - ANSWER-the ability to generalize the results of a study
Systematic Review - ANSWER-a review where scientists systematically gather all research on a topic & evaluate it based on predefined criteria and rules
test-retest reliability - ANSWER-ability to get similar results when something is measured under the same conditions
Reliability - ANSWER-consistency of a measure
Validity - ANSWER-the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
Selection Bias - ANSWER-sample of people in the study are not a representative of larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about
Cross-Sectional studies - ANSWER-- variables in a group at a specific point in time
- population based
- "one-time snapshot"
Case-Control Studies - ANSWER-- determine if exposure to something is associated with an outcome
- scientists identify people with outcome & without
- uses data that was already collected or occurs in the past
Cohort Studies - ANSWER-group followed overtime
Which term encompasses the weight of the scientific evidence, field observations, and individual client needs?
a. Primary research
b. Scientific method
c. Evidence-based practice
d. Science - ANSWER-c. Evidence-based practice
Scientists perform a diet study in which they assign half the people to a continuous dieting group and the other half to an intermittent fasting group. Which term best describes this study design?
a. Crossover
b. Parallel
c. Observational
d. Factorial - ANSWER-b. Parallel
How many dimensions of wellness are there? - ANSWER-6 dimensions
What are the 6 dimensions of wellness? - ANSWER-emotional, occupational, physical, social, intellectual, and spiritual
Type 2 Diabetes and diet have a ________ connection
a. Strong
b. Weak - ANSWER-strong
Which of the following terms is best defined as a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury?
a. Distress
b. Disease
c. Infection
d. Pathogen - ANSWER-b. Disease
Energy expended during walking at work, typing, walking to and from meetings, and fidgeting is referred to as which of the following?
a. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
b. Thermic effect of activity (TEA)
c. Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
d. Thermic effect of feeding (TEF) - ANSWER-a. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
Which hormone, produced by adipose cells, decreases appetite when released?
a. Leptin
b. Cholecystokinin
c. NPY Neuropeptide Y
d. Ghrelin - ANSWER-a. Leptin
ATP consists of an adenosine molecule bonded to how many phosphate groups?
a. One
b. Four
c. Three
d. Two - ANSWER-c. Three
Due to losses in lean body mass as people get older, RMR declines by up to _% per decade for men and _% for women - ANSWER-2 ; 3
The storage form of glucose is - ANSWER-glycogen
Which hormone is referred to as the hunger hormone because it stimulates appetite, increases food intake, and promotes fat storage?
a. Leptin
b. Ghrelin
c. NPY Neuropeptide Y
d. Cholecystokinin - ANSWER-b. Ghrelin
Which organ produces and releases insulin?
a. Kidney
b. Pancreas
c. Liver
d. Thyroid - ANSWER-b. Pancreas
A metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids is referred to as which of the following?
a. Glycolysis
b. Glucagon
c. Gluconeogensis
d. Glycogenolysis - ANSWER-c. Gluconeogensis
For an individual engaged in vigorous resistance training 5-6 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription?
a. 0.4 g/kg body weight
b. 2.0 g/kg body weight
c. 0.8 g/kg body weight
d. 5 g/kg body weight - ANSWER-b. 2.0 g/kg body weight
Individuals 65 years of age and older can benefit from consuming at least __ to __ grams of protein per kilogram bodyweight. - ANSWER-0.9-1.6 g
How many essential amino acids are there? - ANSWER-9
How do protein and amino acids influence body pH?
a. They do nothing to influence body pH.
b. They are only acidic and decrease body pH.
c. They are only basic and increase body pH.
d. They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH. - ANSWER-d. They act as buffers to maintain neutral pH
For an individual engaged in light aerobic exercise 2-3 days per week, what would be the most optimal protein prescription?
a. 2.0 g/kg body weight
b. 3.0 g/kg body weight
c. 1.4 g/kg body weight
d. 0.8 g/kg body weight - ANSWER-c. 1.4 g/kg body weight
Protein is involved in forming which of the following?
a. Electrolytes
b. Triglycerides
c. Bones
d. Adipose tissue - ANSWER-c. Bones
What is dehydration synthesis?
a. Removal of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen from 2 different molecules when the 2 molecules are joined together
b. Muscle protein synthesis occurring during a dehydrated state
c. When proteins help to regulate fluid balance by drawing water out of tissues into the blood stream
d. Consuming protein without a beverage - ANSWER-a. Removal of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen from 2 different molecules when the 2 molecules are joined together
Can post-workout protein consumption increase muscle glycogen synthesis? - ANSWER-Yes, when consumed with carbohydrates.
Which is most likely to impact longevity?
a. Calorie restriction may enhance longevity.
b. Protein restriction will enhance longevity.
c. Protein restriction will inhibit longevity.
d. Calorie restriction may inhibit longevity. - ANSWER-a. Calorie restriction may enhance longevity
Ketogenic amino acids may become which 2 molecules that can be used to produce ATP?
a. Acetyl-CoA and glucose
b. Acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate
c. Acetyl-CoA and pyruvate
d. Glucose and fructose - ANSWER-b. Acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate
Is it ever okay for a sedentary person to eat a high protein diet?
a. Yes, there is usually no issue with a sedentary person consuming a diet high in protein up to 2.2 g/kg body weight.
b. Yes, but only a little over the RDA, up to 1.2 g/kg body weight.
c. Yes, but only a moderately high protein diet up to 1.6 g/kg body weight.
d. No, a sedentary person should never consume a high protein diet. - ANSWER-a. Yes, there is usually no issue with a sedentary person consuming a diet high in protein up to 2.2 g/kg body weight.
What are enzymes?
a. Protein-based structures which transport other compounds between cells
b. Protein-based structures which transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system
c. P [Show Less]