Pathology
The study of nature and the cause of disease
How many liters of blood does the body contain?
5 liters
Erythrocytes
Red blood
... [Show More] cells
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Thrombocytes
Platelets
120 days
How long does mature red blood cells live once they enter blood stream
Hemoglobin
Iron containing pigment of red blood cells
Pre-analytical phase
Phlebotomist are primarily responsible for this phase of lab testing
Blood collected in neonatology department
This is Done for patients who are hours to a few days old
Pharmacy department
Primary consultant on timing for collecting blood for drug levels
Where blood cells begin formation
Lymph nodes and bone marrow
Flowchart
Used in quality improvement methodologies and designed to assist in breaking out components into diagram to understand a process
Quality improvement for specimen collection involve
-Phlebotomist technique
-Recollection rates
-Frequency of hematomas
Pareto charts
Designed to assist in making bar charts that show frequency of problems
Anemic
A person who has too little hemoglobin or a decreased number of red blood cells
Type and cross match
Process of determining if a person will react after a transfusion
Total volume of formed elements of blood
45%
total volume of blood liquid makes up
55%
Serum
When blood is removed from body, blood clots and the liquid portion is called
Centrifuge
Instrument used to speed the removal of serum by spinning the blood
Supine position
Lying face up on back
RFID
Identification tag using silicon chips and a wireless receiver
Normal Blood pH range
7.35 to 7.45
Blood for lead levels are collected in
Tan topped tubes
2 hours
Within how many hours should Serum be transported to lab for testing and separated from red blood cells, preventing erroneous results
Acid citrate dextrose
Anticoagulant used in blood donations
To avoid micro clotting in tube, important that blood be collected
Why should the purple topped tube be gently inverted a minimum of 8 times
Why should Clean gloves be put on in front of patient
It is a reassuring safety conscious gesture for both patient and worker
Pneumatic tube system
Most efficient and safe methods of specimen transportation in large health care organization
Royal blue topped tube
Measurement of blood cooper trace element
Computerized labels using bar codes
Most reliable method for avoiding transcription errors in specimen collection
Dorsal side of hand and wrist
If veins in arm cannot be used for venipuncture where the preferred alternative veins lie
Glucose level
Most commonly requested timed specimen
When collecting blood in evacuated tube with an anticoagulant, what is the importance of having correct volume of blood?
It provides the correct blood additive ratio
When are Skin puncture techniques are most often used?
When Small amounts of blood are needed for testing, neonate or anemic
How many chromosomes are in human cells
46 chromosomes
Therapeutic phlebotomy is used in treatment of
Polycythemia
In relation to veins, what does occluded mean
Obstructed
Which finger has a pulse
Thumb
Last step in any phlebotomy procedure, including skin puncture
Check that the bleeding has stopped and thank the patient for cooperating
What causes pooling of blood in veins
Tourniquet
What is the Best way to decontaminate phlebotomist hands if they are visibly dirty with dust and dirt
Wash hands with soap and water
Alcohol should be allowed to dry for how many seconds before venipuncture
30-60 seconds
During venipuncture, what is the best angle for inserting the needle into the skin
15-30 degrees
During venipuncture procedure, what does phlebotomist do after needle is inserted and blood begins to flow
Release the tourniquet
The term butterfly refers to
The winged infusion set
During venipuncture, the needle should always be inserted with
Bevel side up
What is the antecubital area
Slightly below the elbow
What is importance of hand hygiene techniques
It significantly reduces the number of outbreaks of infections
Why should blood and urine specimens for microbiological culture be transported to the labs quickly
To improve the likelihood of detecting pathogens
Approximately how long does it take a normal blood specimen to clot
30-60 minutes
Quality control records include information about
-Proper use and storage
-Expiration dates and stability
-Precision and accuracy of testing supplies/reagents
Glycolytic action refers to which condition
Breakdown of glucose
Bar codes in phlebotomy applications can be used for
-Specimen accession numbers, test codes
-Product number, inventory expiration dates
-Patient names, DOB, patient identification number
Which anticoagulant is found in Royal blue topped tube
No anticoagulant
Lithium heparin is suitable anticoagulant for which study
Stat chemistry
Preferred anticoagulant for collection of whole blood for STAT situations in clinical chemistry
Heparin
Which Needle gauges has smallest diameter
23, the larger gauge has the smaller the needle
Intravenous device used in collecting blood from patients who are difficult to collect blood by conventional methods
Butterfly needle
Blood cell count requiring whole blood collection
Purple topped tube
What tube should Alkaline phosphate never be collected in
Gray topped tubes
Color coding for needles indicates
Gauge
Light sensitive blood analytes
Bilirubin [Show Less]