Exam 2 Cheat Sheet Complete Solution
A naturally occurring liquid fossil fuel resource containing a complex mixture of hydrocarbons is called
D)
... [Show More] Petroleum
The amount of nitrogen in petroleum is more than in coal.
B) False
Petroleum contains lesser amount of oxygen atoms than coal does.
A) True
Hydrogen content in petroleum is far greater than in coal.
A) True
The United states consumes double the amount of oil that it produces.
A) True
Oil Reservoirs are usually found in places that have
A) Anticlines
B) Faults
C) Salt Plugs
D) All of the above
How is crude oil separated during the distillation process?
C) Heat
Larger molecules tend to have a higher boiling point.
A) True
Which of the following recovery methods for oil is the most expensive?
C) Tertiary
What is the approximate carbon content in petroleum crude?
D) 85-90%
Crude oil recovered from deep oil reservoirs tend to have
A) low sulfur content
Reservoir rock is a rock that produces crude oil.
B) False
Based on what property does the distillation column separate crude oil into different fractions?
A) Boiling point
The formula for paraffin cyclohexane is
D) C6H14
What is the main function of a refinery?
A) Separate different components of crude oil
B) Make new materials and fuels by chemical processing
C) Make products environmentally acceptable
D) All of the above
What recovery method uses steam, chemicals or bugs?
C) Tertiary
What are the major refining processes?
A) Distillation
B) Cracking
C) Reforming
D) All of the above
One barrel of oil (42 gallons) produces more than a barrel of products.
A) True
Which hydrocarbons have straight or branched chains of carbon atoms?
A) Paraffins
Which of the following media is used in secondary recovery method?
A) Water
Which place converts crude oil into useful products such as gasoline, fuel oil, waxes or asphalt?
A) Refinery
What is the problem with aromatics in the petroleum industry?
C) They are carcinogenic
All of the oil in a reservoir can be recovered.
B) False
Which of the following compound has an octane rating of 0?
B) Heptane
How do you increase the octane rating of a fuel?
A) Add branched chain hydrocarbons
B) Add aromatics
C) Add antiknocking agents
D) All of the above
If a paraffin compound has 8 carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms are present in the molecule?
D) 18
Smaller molecules tend to have lower viscosity
A) True
Which of the following processes change the shape of a molecule?
A) Reforming
Which hydrocarbons have benzene and rings of benzene?
C) Aromatics
What is the separation of materials based on differences in the volatility called?
A) Distillation
Viscosity of a lubricating oil should be
B) lower
What does a higher octane number signify?
A) lesser likelihood of knocking
Knocking is a desirable feature in a four stroke engine.
B) False
What is the process of breaking of heavy molecules into lighter hydrocarbons called?
C) Cracking
Which of the following recovery methods takes advantage of significant oil pressure in the reservoir?
A) Primary
If a cycloparaffin compound has six carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms are present in the molecule?
C) 12
Viscosity, density and odor are properties that are all related to the geological history of crude oil.
A) True
Which among the following reservoirs produce the best crude oil?
D) Old deep
Pour point is the temperature at which the oil starts to flow.
A) True
Flash point is the temperature at which the oil starts to ignite.
A) True
The performance of gasoline with octane number 87 is similar to the performance of a fuel containing
A) 87% octane 13% heptane
Central distribution uses coal, nuclear, hydropower or gas-powered plants to generate and transmit electricity over long distances.
A) True
Distributed generation reduces the amount of energy lost in transmitting electricity, as electricity is produced very near to the place where it is used.
A) True
Which among the following does not use a generator to produce electricity?
B) Photovoltaic cells
Which of the following primary energy resources contributes the most to the production of electricity?
C) Coal
A step down transformer is used to decrease high voltage from transmission lines to low voltage (110V) so it can be distributed to homes and businesses.
A) True
Electricity can be generated from fossil fuels.
A) True
Most of the electricity in the US is generated using nuclear energy.
B) False
What is the function of a generator in a power plant?
B) Convert mechanical energy to electrical energy
Electric power is measured as
C) Voltage multiplied by current
What is the energy conversion that takes place in a turbine in a power plant?
A) Thermal energy to mechanical energy
Electric power is measured in terms of voltage.
B) False
A Cogeneration power plant generates both electric power and useful thermal energy from the same fuel source.
A) True
High voltage transmission lines are used to carry electricity over long distances.
A) True
Central distribution is more efficient than distributed generation for transmitting electricity.
B) False
Wind turbine converts the kinetic energy of air into mechanical energy through the rotation of blades.
A) True
In a gas turbine power plant, which fuel is burned to run the turbine?
A) Natural gas
Which power plant uses both gas and steam turbine to produce electricity?
C) Combined cycle power plant
A step-up transformer is used to decrease the voltage, so that electricity can be transmitted over long distances.
B) False
Electricity can be generated using a magnetic field.
A) True
In a power plant, chemical energy is converted to what useful end product?
B) Electrical energy
Electrical energy is measured in terms of KWh
A) True
Electric current is a measure of flow of electric charge.
A) True
In a nuclear power plant, nuclear reactions are used for converting water into steam.
A) True
A generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
A) True
A standard steam power plant is more efficient than Cogeneration.
B) False
Which of the following processes does NOT happen in the global carbon cycle?
D) Glucose is formed during the decay process
Fossil fuels are formed due to the interruption of the decay process in the carbon cycle.
A) True
The starting point of the formation of fossil fuels is the transformation of decaying organic matter to kerogen.
A) True
Which of the following contributes to the formation of kerogen?
A) Algae
B) Micro-organisms
C) Trees
D) All of the above
Kerogen derived from higher plants gets converted to crude oil and natural gas when buried inside the earth for millions of years.
B) False
Kerogens are formed by the transformation of inorganic matter into an insoluble, polymeric material
B) False
Kerogen formed from algae or plankton is derived from
A) Fats
B) Oils
C) Waxes
D) All of the above
Kerogen produced from higher plants gets converted into natural gas.
B) False
What is necessary for the fossil fuel formation?
A) Temperature
B) Pressure
C) Time
D) All of the above
Kerogens are produced from algae, planktons and higher plants with the help of decomposition by bacteria.
A) True
Bituminous coal formed in the United States originated during
C) Carboniferous period
Lignite coal originated during Jurassic period
A) True
How many hydrogen atoms are present in coal for one carbon atom?
A) 0.8
Which one of the following has the highest heating value per pound?
C) Natural gas
The quantity of an energy source that is known to exist and that can be recovered economically is called
B) Reserve
Resources are the quantity of an energy source that is economically recoverable.
B) False
Economic feasibility and geological assurances are two important variables that differentiate resources and reserves.
A) True
Lifetime predictions for a fossil fuel are done based on available resources.
B) False
Which among the fossil fuel reserves are abundantly available in United States?
A) Coal
Approximately, what percentage of world coal reserves does United States possess?
A) 25%
United States has large crude oil reserves.
B) False
Most of the natural gas reserves in the world are located in United States.
B) False
Coal reserves are measured in
C) Metric tons
Cubic feet is used to measure the quantities of
C) Natural gas
The United States is the largest exporter of coal.
B) False
Most of the coal found in United States is
B) Bituminous coal
In deep mining, coal seams are buried several hundred feet to 1000 ft. deep under the ground.
A) True
Surface mining requires the removal of top soil and layers of rock to expose beds of coal.
A) True
Which coal mining equipment uses movable steel props to support the roof of coal mines?
B) Longwall mining
Which of the following properties is not measured during Proximate analysis of coal?
A) Density
Which of the following properties are not used in ranking of coal?
A) Porosity
Proximate analysis exactly measures the elemental composition of coal.
B) False
Lignite is the highest ranked coal.
B) False
Lignite is the youngest ranked coal.
A) True
Which coal has the highest fixed carbon content?
D) Anthracite
Anthracite has higher volatile matter content than Bituminous coal.
B) False
Lignite has higher heating value than Bituminous coal.
B) False
Low and medium rank coals are ranked on the basis of volatile matter content.
B) False
In a DAF basis analysis, which of the following properties are excluded
B) Ash and moisture
Heating value of coal increases with increase in the rank of coal
A) True
With increase in the rank of coals, which one of the following element's composition decreases?
C) Hydrogen
In the US, coal is primarily used for carbonization.
B) False
Which of the following processes is the most efficient way to burn coal?
C) Fluidized bed combustion
Stoker combustion limits the rate of heating of particle to 1 C/sec.
A) True
Large sized coal pieces can be used during the Stoker combustion process.
A) True
Which one of the following combustion process uses limestone?
C) Fluidized bed combustion
75% of the coal powders used in pulverized coal combustion process are
B) less than 75 microns in size
Which one of the combustion processes uses the lowest furnace temperature (900 - 1000 C) to burn coal?
C) Fluidized coal combustion
In a fluidized bed combustion, fine coal particles are "fluidized" and burnt using a jet of hot air.
A) True
Which combustion process reduces the NOx and SOx emissions from coal?
C) Fluidized bed combustion
Which combustion process has issues with polyaromatic hydrocarbon formation?
C) Fluidized bed combustion
Coal can be used directly to produce "pig iron" by mixing it with iron ore in a blast furnace.
B) False
Coke is produced by combustion of coal in a furnace.
B) False
Carbonization is the process of heating coal in the absence of air to produce coke.
A) True
Which one of the following is an example of clean coal technology?
C) Carbon dioxide sequestration [Show Less]