EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED-SURG ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTION BANK | 2025 CURRENTLY TESTING
ACCURATE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
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A 74-year-old male client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a
diagnosis of respiratory failure secondary to pneumonia. Currently, the client is
ventilator-dependent, with settings of tidal volume (VT) of 750 mL and an
intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) rate of 10 breaths/min. Arterial blood
gas (ABG) results are as follows: pH, 7.48; PaCO2, 30 mm Hg; PaO2, 64 mm Hg;
HCO3, 25 mEq/L; and FiO2, 0.80. Which action should the nurse take first?
A.
Increase the ventilator VT to 850 mL.
B.
Decrease the ventilator IMV to a rate of 8 breaths/min.
C.
Reduce the FiO2 to 0.70 and redraw ABGs.
D.
Add 5 cm positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Adding PEEP helps improve oxygenation while reducing FiO2 to a less toxic
level. Options A, B, and C will not result in improved oxygenation and couldcause further complications for this client, who is experiencing respiratory
failure
The nurse assesses a client who has been prescribed furosemide for cardiac
disease. Which electrocardiographic change would be a concern for a client taking
a diuretic?
A. Tall, spiked T waves
B. A prolonged QT interval
C.A widening QRS complex
D. Presence of a U wave - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A U wave is a positive deflection following the T wave and is often
present with hypokalemia (low potassium level). Options A, B, and C are all
signs of hyperkalemia.
A 62-year-old client who lives alone tripped on a scatter rug resulting in a
fractured hip. Which predisposing factor most likely contributed to the fracture in
the proximal end of her femur
A. Failing eyesight resulting in an unsafe environment
B. Renal osteodystrophy resulting from chronic kidney disease (CKD)
C.Osteoporosis resulting from declining hormone levels
D.Cerebral vessel changes causing transient ischemic attacks - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most common cause of a fractured hip in older women is
osteoporosis, resulting from reduced calcium in the bones as a result of
hormonal changes in the perimenopausal years. Option A may or may not have
contributed to the accident, but eye changes were not involved in promoting
the hip fracture. Option B is not a common condition of older people but is
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