BIOS 256 Lab 5 Assignment – Question and Answers
BIOS 256 Lab 5 Assignment
BIOS 256 Lab 5
BIOS 256 Lab 5 Assignment – Question and
... [Show More] Answers.
Exercise 36
Reviewing Your Knowledge
A) Renal Structures
1. Urine-forming structure of the kidney
Nephron
2. Region of the kidney deep to cortex; contains collecting ducts
Renal Medulla
3. Extensions of renal cortex found in between renal pyramids
Renal Columns
4. Urine flowing through this structure drains into a minor calyx
Papillary duct
5. Located between renal fascia and renal capsule
Adipose capsule
6. Apex of renal pyramid
Renal papilla
7. Urine flowing through this structure drains into the renal pelvis
Major calyx
8. Vertical fissure in concave surface of kidney through which blood vessels and ureters pass
Renal Hilum
9. Covers outer surface of kidney
Renal Capsule
10. Dense irregular connective tissue that covers the adipose capsule and attaches the kidney to the abdominal wall
Renal Fascia
11. Receives urine from the major calyces
Renal pelvis
12. Space within kidney that is adjacent to renal medulla, contains calyces and renal pelvis
Renal Sinus
13. Cup-like structure that is located in renal sinus that receives urine from openings of papillary ducts
Minor Calyx
14. Cone-shaped structures located within the renal medulla
Renal pyramids
15. Outermost region of the kidney, contains renal corpuscles
Renal Cortex
B) Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra
1. Detrusor muscle is the main muscle for this structure
Urinary Bladder
2. Region of male urethra that passes through the prostate gland
Prostatic urethra
3. Two openings in posterior urinary bladder wall
Urethral openings
4. Region of male urethra that passes through penis
Spongy urethra
5. Area bounded by ureteral openings and internal urethral orifice
Trigone
6. Voluntary skeletal muscle in urogenital diaphragm that allows passage of urine to exterior of body
External urethral sphincter
7. Carries urine from renal pelvis to urinary bladder
Ureter
8. Urine is excreted through this opening
External urethral
9. Circular smooth muscle that involuntarily controls passage of urine from the urinary bladder to the urethra
Internal urethral sphincter
10. Anterior opening in urinary bladder that leads into urethra
Internal urethra orifice
11. Region of male urethra that passes through urogenital diaphragm
Membranous urethra
C) The Nephron
1. Blood vessel that delivers blood to glomerulus
Afferent arterial
2. Blood from the efferent arteriole flows into this capillary bed
Peritubular capillary bed
3. Structure that surrounds glomerulus and collects filtrate
Glomerular capsule
4. Section of renal tubule that descends into medulla
Loop of Henle
5. Capillary network within the renal corpuscle
Glomerulus
6. Structure composed of glomerulus and glomerular capsule
Renal corpuscle
7. Blood vessel that drains blood from glomerulus
Efferent arterial
8. Capillary loops that extend from the efferent arteriole and run along loop of Henle (nephron loop) of juxtamedullary nephrons
Vasa recta
D) Urine Formation and Flow
1. Glomerulus
2. Capsular space
3. PCT
4. Loop of Henle
5. DCT
6. Collecting Duct
7. Papillary Duct
8. Minor Calyx
9. Major Calyx
10. Renal Pelvis
11. Ureter
12. Urinary Bladder
13. Urethra
14. External Urethral Orifice
E) Blood Flow Through the Kidneys
1. Renal Artery
2. Segmental Artery
3. Interlobular Artery
4. Arcuate Artery
5. Interlobular Artery
6. Afferent Arteriole
7. Glomerulus
8. Efferent Arteriole
9. Peritubular Capillary
10. Interlobular Vein
11. Arcuate Vein
12. Interlobular Vein
13. Renal Vein
Using Your Knowledge
1. Major Calyx
2. Renal Pelvis
3. Kidney
4. Ureter
5. Urinary Bladder
6. Full
7. As the baby grows larger, he/she pushes on the superior part of the urinary bladder, making urination occur more frequently
8. They need more mitochondria to provide ATP for active transport involved in secretion and absorption. The RER synthesizes membrane proteins required for transport of substances across renal tubules.
9. Ptosis of the kidney is a condition where the kidneys drop to a lower position. Ptosis may be caused by extreme weight loss, resulting in a decrease in the adipose capsule that holds the kidneys in a normal position.
10. Incontinence is the inability to voluntarily control micturition or voiding. Incontinence in a child under 2 is normal because the child has not learned how to control the external urethral sphincter. Incontinence in an adult is abnormal. An example is stress incontinence, a condition where an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, which can occur during laughing or coughing, pushes a small amount of urine through the external urethral sphincter. [Show Less]